A Community-Based Intervention for Improving Medication Adherence for Elderly Patients with Hypertension in Korea

The chronic disease management program, a community-based intervention including patient education, recall and remind service, and reduction of out-of-pocket payment, was implemented in 2005 in Korea to improve patients’ adherence for antihypertensive medications. This study aimed to assess the effect of a community-based hypertension intervention intended to enhance patient adherence to prescribed medications. This study applied a non-equivalent control group design using the Korean National Health Insurance Big Data. Hongcheon County has been continuously implementing the intervention program since 2012. This study involved a cohort of patients with hypertension aged >65 and <85 years, among residents who lived in the study area for five years (between 2010 and 2014). The final number of subjects was 2685 in both the intervention and control region. The indirect indicators were analyzed as patients’ adherence and level of continuous treatment using the difference-in-difference regression. The proportion of hypertensive patients who continuously received insurance benefits for >240 days in 2014 was 81.0% in the intervention region and 79.7% in the control region. The number of dispensations per prescription and the dispensation days per hypertensive patient in the intervention region increased by approximately 10.88% and 2.2 days on average by month, respectively, compared to those in the control region. The intervention program encouraged elderly patients with hypertension to receive continuous care. Another research is needed to determine whether further improvement in the continuity of comprehensive care will prevent the progression of cardiovascular diseases.

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A Community-Based Survey and Screening for Depression in the Elderly

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000007 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 100-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Hirofumi Oyama ◽

Tomoe Sakashita ◽

Kei Hojo ◽

Naoki Watanabe ◽

Tohru Takizawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Reduction ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Screening Program ◽

The Elderly ◽

Depression Screening ◽

Reference Region ◽

Elderly Men ◽

Community Based ◽

Intervention Region ◽

Initial Survey

Background: In addition to implementing a depression screening program, conducting a survey beforehand might contribute to suicide risk reduction for the elderly. Aims: This study evaluates outcomes of a community-based program to prevent suicide among individuals aged 60 and over, using a quasiexperimental design with an intervention region (41,337 residents, 35.1% aged 60 and over) and a neighboring reference region. Methods: Our 2-year intervention program included an anonymous survey by random sample in the entire intervention region and, in the second year, a depression screening with follow-up by a psychiatrist in the higher-risk districts. Changes in the risk of completed suicide were estimated by the incidence-rate ratio (IRR). Results: The risk for men in the intervention region was reduced by 61% (age-adjusted IRR = 0.39; 90% CI = 0.18–0.87), whereas there was a (statistically insignificant) 51% risk reduction for women in the intervention region, and no risk reduction for either men or women in the reference region. The ratio of the crude IRR for elderly men in the intervention region to that for all elderly men in Japan was estimated at 0.42 (90% CI = 0.18–0.92), showing that the risk reduction was greater than the national change. Conclusions: The management of depression through a combination of an initial survey and subsequent screening holds clear promise for prompt effectiveness in the prevention of suicide for elderly men, and potentially for women.

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A community-based randomized trial for the prevention and control of brucellosis among rural populations in Iran: application of the PRECEDE planning model

10.21203/rs.2.13991/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Leila Jahangiry ◽

Maryam Khazaee-Pool ◽

Towhid Babazadeh ◽

Parvin Sarbakhsh ◽

Koen Ponnet

Keyword(s):

Prevention And Control ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Animal Health ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Control Program ◽

Control Group ◽

Community Based ◽

History Of ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: Brucellosis is one of the most frequently occurring zoonotic diseases of veterinary and a public health problem in developing countries. It affects human and animal health and has measurable effects on the productive and reproductive performance of livestock. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to develop a community-based intervention program for brucellosis prevention and control. A two-arm parallel cluster randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of the program over six months in a rural population in Ahar, East Azerbaijan, Iran. A total of 16 village health houses were randomly allocated to the intervention and the control groups (eight per arm), and 400 participants were recruited via household health records in the health houses. The PRECEDE model, which is an acronym for Predisposing, Reinforcing and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation, was used to design, implement, and evaluate the brucellosis prevention and control program. Knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, social support, environmental enabling, and behavioral factors were measured at the baseline and the six-month follow-up. A generalized mixed effects model was used to analyze data. Results: The mean ages (SD) of the intervention and control group respondents were 35.9 (11.87) and 37.28 (11.04) years, respectively. After the six-month intervention, significant between-group differences were found on all PRECEDE variables, adjusted for education, history of brucellosis, and family history of brucellosis. Conclusion: There is a need to consolidate collaborative health and veterinary sector efforts, as well as increase regular vaccination practices and financial resources to support farmers willing to slaughter animals and/or offer slaughter facilities. The present study was able to demonstrate which educational and ecological factors influence behaviors and environments related to brucellosis and, as such, provide evidence of the effectiveness of interventions based on the PROCEDE model.

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DIFFERENCE URINARY INCONTINENCE BEFORE AND AFTER CONDUCTED MASSAGE, KEGEL EXERCISE IN ELDERLY PATIENTS AT PUBLIC HOSPITALS SEMBIRING DELI TUA

Jurnal Penelitian Keperawatan Medik ◽

10.36656/jpkm.v1i1.90 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 26-31

Author(s):

Rahmad Gurusinga ◽

Elsaria Br Sembiring

Keyword(s):

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Pelvic Floor Muscle ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

T Test ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Need For Treatment ◽

Before And After

Urinary Incontinence is involuntary urination, or leakage of urinary that is very real and pose a social. High incidence rates urinary incontinence causes the need for treatment with massage, kegel exercise aimed at rebuilding pelvic floor muscle strength. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in urinary incontinence before and after the massage, kegel exercise in elderly patients in public hospitals deliberate delitua in 2018. The study design used is quasy experiment, using the design of pre-test and post-test control group design. Population and samples used in this study were 15 elderly who have urinary incontinence taken by accidental sampling. Based on the result of statistical test by using T-test with paired sample T-test obtained dat analysis showed that based on age af patient based on age patient urinary incontinence most aged 60-65 years (66,7%), while at age 66-70 (20,0%), and at least 71-74 (13,3%). Can be known urinary incontinence before given massage, kegel exercise counted 14 people (93,3%) medium incontinence and as many as 1 person (6,7%) severe incontinence. After given message, kegel exercise can be seen that there are descrease that is as much as 7 people (46,7%) light incontinence and as many as 8 people (53,3%) medium incontinence. The conclusions of these result indicate that there is an effect of massage, kegel exercise to urinary incontinence in elderly patients in public hospitals deliberate delitua.

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We Are What We Eat: Assessing the Use of a Documentary Film as an Educational Tool to Change Students’ Nutritional Attitudes and Behaviors

American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine ◽

10.1177/1559827620903701 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 155982762090370

Author(s):

Anthony Dissen ◽

Tara Crowell

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Undergraduate Students ◽

Liberal Arts ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Stage Of Change ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Current Stage

Background: Identifying effective educational strategies to change lifestyle behaviors related to eating habits is imperative for health professionals providing education related to disease management and prevention. The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of mass media as a tool for improving dietary habits. Methods: 151 Undergraduate students participated in a quasi-experimental control group design at a midsize liberal arts university. The treatment group watched the film Forks Over Knives and was assessed on their dietary habits, locus of control, and current stage of change before and after viewing the film. Results: Results showed differences to current stage of change in reducing animal-based food consumption in the treatment group but did not show significant changes in increasing plant-based food. Discussion: This study provides evidence that use of the documentary Forks Over Knives affects students’ intake of animal-based foods but is not an impactful enough tool to increase intake of plant-based foods. Translation to Health Practice: Professionals who utilize the film Forks Over Knives to encourage dietary changes should do so as part of a more structured, long-term behavior change intervention program. Additional research is needed to compare Forks Over Knives with other documentary films that encourage plant-based dietary habits.

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The Effect of Combination Use of Hemodialysis and Hemoperfusion on Microinflammation in Elderly Patients with Maintenance Hemodialysis

Blood Purification ◽

10.1159/000518857 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jun Li ◽

Hui Li ◽

Wenjiao Deng ◽

Lixin Meng ◽

Wenya Gong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Continuous Treatment ◽

Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽

Control Group ◽

Observation Group ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) generally have a microinflammatory state. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hemodialysis (HD) combined with hemoperfusion (HP) on microinflammatory state in elderly patients with MHD. Methods: One hundred and fifty elderly patients with MHD were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group. The control group received simple HD treatment, and the observation group received combined HD + HP treatment on the basis of the control group. After 6 months of continuous treatment, the patients were evaluated to compare the quality of life, inflammation, adverse reactions, and nutritional indicators in the 2 groups before and after treatment. Results: There was no significant difference in the quality of life between the 2 groups before treatment. After treatment, the scores of psychological aspects, physiological aspects, social aspects, environmental aspects, and independent ability in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). There was no statistical significance in the level of inflammation between 2 groups before treatment. After treatment, the levels of hs-CRP, Hcy, IL-6, and TNF-α in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). The incidence of dry mouth, skin reaction, neuritis, and subcutaneous tissue fibrosis in the observation group was lower than that in the control group, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). There was no statistical significance in nutritional level indexes between 2 groups before treatment (p1 > 0.05). After treatment, the levels of hemoglobin, total protein, albumin, and transferrin in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The clinical effect of HD combined with HP in elderly MHD patients is significant, which can effectively reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and inflammation in the patients and improve the quality of life and nutritional indicators of the patients.

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ROLE OF PHARMACIST IN COUNSELING ASTHMA TO IMPROVE PATIENT ADHERENCE IN YOGYAKARTA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2017v10s3.21353 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Chynthia Pradiftha Sari ◽

Lukman Hakim ◽

I. Dewa Putu P.

Keyword(s):

Patient Adherence ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Persistent Asthma ◽

Therapy Outcome ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Asthma Patients ◽

Pharmacist Counseling

Objective: To identify the effect of pharmacist-provided counseling on patient adherence and to examine the correlation between adherence level and asthma therapy outcomeMethods: Quasi-experimental through control-group design with pretest-posttest. Study was conducted during February–June 2013 (N=120). Only the intervention group received pharmacist counseling. All participants completed MMAS and ACT questionnaires before and after counseling. They were 18–60 y old and having<8 MMAS pretest score with moderate-severe persistent asthma.Results: The intervention was pharmacist counseling for 56 patients, and control group had 50 patients. After counseling, 3.92% severe persistent asthma patients showed low-medium adherence, and 62.64% moderate persistent asthma patients had medium-high adherence. The change of MMAS score in the intervention group was 3.71 and 2, and 1.23 and 1.64 in the control group. Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test indicated a significant difference in patient adherence before and after counseling (p<0.001). Adherence was positively and significantly correlated with therapy outcome (p<0.001; r=0.583).Conclusion: Pharmacist counseling affects asthma patient adherence. There is a significant correlation between adherence and therapy outcome.

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Improvement of Family Care Ability for Elderly with Depression through Psychoeducation Intervention Program

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kesehatan ◽

10.32668/jitek.v8i1.440 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 80-89

Author(s):

Ni Made Riasmini

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Short Form ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Depression Scale ◽

The Elderly ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Family Behavior

The increase in the incidence of depression in the elderly can affect the elderly and their families' quality of life. Depression in the elderly is mostly caused by a lack of knowledge, attitudes, and family behavior caring for the elderly. It has an impact on the increasing cases of older people with depression in the community. To prevent increasing depression cases, it is necessary to empower family potential and social support. This study aims to obtain a description of the Psychoeducation Intervention Program (PIP) on families' ability to care for older people with depression in the community. The research method used is a Quasi-experiment with control group design. The sample is families who have elderly with depression by screening using the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (GDS-SF). The number of samples was 68 for the intervention group and 68 for the control group—statistical test using dependent t-test, independent t-test, and Mancova test. The results showed an increase in knowledge, attitudes, and family behavior in caring for the elderly before and after PIP. There were differences in the family's ability to care for the depressed elderly between the intervention and control groups. The resulting psycho-educational intervention program can serve as a basis for policymakers and health service managers to carry out various interventions related to family empowerment.

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Program for Healthier School Cafeterias in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Protocol for a Community-Based Randomized Trial

JMIR Research Protocols ◽

10.2196/22680 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. e22680

Author(s):

Mariana Balestrin ◽

Carla Cristina Bauermann Brasil ◽

Ericles Andrei Bellei ◽

Vanessa Ramos Kirsten ◽

Mario Bernardes Wagner

Keyword(s):

Educational Intervention ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Rio Grande ◽

The State ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Community Based ◽

School Cafeterias ◽

Hygienic Conditions

Background School cafeterias can promote poor eating habits, as these retail outlets have a variety of foods considered to be nonnutritive and unhealthy. However, despite the need for effective preventive strategies, there is still disagreement on the best approach due to the lack of evidence on interventions to prevent and treat obesity in the school settings. Objective We aim to verify the efficacy of an educational intervention program to improve the hygienic conditions and the composition of the menu offered in school cafeterias in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods We will conduct a randomized, parallel, two-arm, community-based controlled study. Elementary and high schools, both public and private, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, that have a cafeteria will be eligible. Schools will be recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention (n=27) or control (n=27) group. The intervention group will receive an educational intervention program based on the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Health of Brazil, consisting of a 160-hour distance-learning qualification course, for 10 weeks, and using the Moodle platform and WhatsApp app. The intervention targets the owners and people in charge of the cafeterias, food handlers, principals, vice principals, teachers, pedagogical coordinators, dietitians, representatives of students' parents, and students over 16 years old. Meanwhile, the control group will receive only a printed copy of the book containing the guidelines used. The efficacy of the intervention will be determined by the hygienic conditions of the cafeteria and the composition of the menu offered, also considering the levels of processing of food sold. All outcomes will be analyzed as intention-to-treat and per-protocol. We will use covariance analysis or a generalized linear model for continuous data and ordinal logistic regression for ordinal categorical data. The level of statistical significance considered will be P<.05 for a 95% CI. Results This project was funded in early 2018. We administered the intervention program in 2019. All data have already been collected, and we are analyzing the data. The results are expected in 2021. Conclusions To our knowledge, this may be the first randomized controlled study in school cafeterias held in Brazil. The results will provide evidence for the formulation of public food and nutritional security policies and for the development of effective strategies to provide safe and healthy school meals. Trial Registration Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry RBR-9rrqhk; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-9rrqhk International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/22680

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Program for Healthier School Cafeterias in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: Protocol for a Community-based Randomized Trial (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.22680 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mariana Balestrin ◽

Carla Cristina Bauermann Brasil ◽

Ericles Andrei Bellei ◽

Vanessa Ramos Kirsten ◽

Mario Bernardes Wagner

Keyword(s):

Educational Intervention ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Rio Grande ◽

The State ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Community Based ◽

School Cafeterias ◽

Hygienic Conditions

BACKGROUND School cafeterias can promote poor eating habits as these retail outlets have a variety of foods considered to be nonnutritive and unhealthy. However, despite the need for effective preventive strategies, there is still disagreement on the best approach due to the lack of evidence on interventions to prevent and treat obesity in the school settings. OBJECTIVE We aim to verify the efficacy of an educational intervention program to improve the hygienic conditions and the composition of the menu offered in school cafeterias in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. METHODS We will conduct a randomized, parallel, two-arm, community-based controlled study. Elementary and high schools, both public and private, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, which have a cafeteria, will be eligible. Schools will be recruited and randomly assigned to the intervention (n=27) or control (n=27) group. The intervention group will receive an educational intervention program based on the guidelines issued by the Ministry of Health of Brazil, consisting of a 160-hour distance-learning qualification course, for 10 weeks, and using the Moodle platform and WhatsApp app. The intervention targets the owners and people in charge of the cafeterias, food handlers, principals, vice-principals, teachers, pedagogical coordinators, dietitians, representatives of students' parents, and students over 16 years old. Meanwhile, the control group will receive only a printed copy of the book containing the guidelines used. The efficacy of the intervention will be determined by the hygienic conditions of the cafeteria and the composition of the menu offered, also considering the levels of processing of food sold. All outcomes will be analyzed with the intention-to-treat and per-protocol. We will use covariance analysis or the Generalized Linear Model for continuous data and ordinal logistic regression for ordinal categorical data. The level of statistical significance considered will be P <.05 for a 95% CI. RESULTS This project was funded in early 2018. We administered the intervention program in 2019. All data has already been collected and we are starting to analyze the data. The first results are expected to 2021. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this may be the first randomized controlled study in school cafeterias held in Brazil. The results will provide evidence for the formulation of public food and nutritional security policies and for the development of effective strategies to provide safe and healthy school meals. CLINICALTRIAL Brazilian Platform of Clinical Trials (REBEC – Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos) RBR-9rrqhk

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Male Parenting Attitudes and Batterer Intervention

Research on Social Work Practice ◽

10.1177/1049731515579202 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 468-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Catherine E. Burnette ◽

Regardt J. Ferreira ◽

Fred Buttell

Keyword(s):

Partner Violence ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Control Group ◽

Batterer Intervention ◽

Parenting Attitudes ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Ipv Perpetration

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between parenting attitudes and intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration and identify factors associated with program completion for a 26-week batterer intervention program (BIP). Method: The study employed a nonequivalent, control-group design (comparing program completers to dropouts) in a secondary analysis of 111 men court ordered to the BIP. Results: Correlational and logistic regression analysis indicated (1) a modest relationship between the parenting attitudes and the IPV perpetration, (2) a significant model for predicting parenting attitudes scores using number of children and racial group, and (3) BIP treatment completion could be successfully predicted by education. Conclusion: These findings reveal characteristics of male batterers, as they relate to parenting attitudes and provide preliminary evidence suggesting that men in treatment for IPV offenses endorse a host of negative parenting attitudes. Implications of these findings were explored and discussed.

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