scholarly journals Measuring Environmental and Economic Performance of Air Pollution Control for Province-Level Areas in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Gong ◽  
Jianing Mi ◽  
Chunyan Wei ◽  
Ruitao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Waste Gas ◽  
Desirable And Undesirable Outputs ◽  
Province Level

This paper proposes an improved three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure the environmental-economic efficiency (EEE) of air pollution control for 30 province-level areas of China during the period of 2012 to 2016. In this model, capital, labor, and total energy consumption are the three inputs, while gross domestic product (GDP) and waste gas emissions represent the desirable and undesirable outputs, respectively. This model allows the weights of economic growth and environmental protection to be adjusted as needed by policymakers; the model is adopted to evaluate the effects of government measures on environmental protection and economic growth. Ultimately, the effects from environmental factors and statistical noise are excluded from the EEEs of local governments and the managerial efficiencies are calculated. The results simultaneously reflect the local performance of air pollution control and economic development, which can be used to clarify the ranking of provinces nationwide.

The Zhenhua Case: the emergence of civil environmental public interest litigation in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
Wenjun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Public Interest Litigation ◽  
First Time ◽  
Restoration Cost

Abstract In 2015, the All-China Environment Federation v Dezhou Jinghua Group Zhenhua Corporation Limited case was the first civil environmental public interest litigation (CEPIL) against air pollution in China. Constituting a milestone in the field of air pollution control in China, this case (i) confirms the eligibility of a non-governmental organisation (NGO) to file civil public interest litigations; (ii) discusses remedies for the ecological destruction caused by air pollution; (iii) assesses the ecological and environmental damage using the ‘virtual restoration cost’ method; and (iv) uses public apology as an innovative way for Zhenhua to assume liability. By applying and interpreting several important rules under the Environmental Protection Law of China (EPLC) for the first time, this case sets an example for future CEPILs against air pollution in China.

scholarly journals Decoupling Analysis between Economic Growth and Air Pollution in Key Regions of Air Pollution Control in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6600
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Lipeng Hou ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Lina Tang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
No2 Pollution

The Chinese government has implemented a number of environmental policies to promote the continuous improvement of air quality while considering economic development. Scientific assessment of the impact of environmental policies on the relationship between air pollution and economic growth can provide a scientific basis for promoting the coordinated development of these two factors. This paper uses the Tapio decoupling theory to analyze the relationship between regional economic growth and air pollution in key regions of air pollution control in China—namely, the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region and surrounding areas (BTHS), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the Pearl River Delta (PRD)—based on data of GDP and the concentrations of SO2, PM10, and NO2 for 31 provinces in China from 2000 to 2019. The results show that the SO2, PM10, and NO2 pollution in the key regions show strong and weak decoupling. The findings additionally indicate that government policies have played a significant role in improving the decoupling between air pollution and economic development. The decoupling between economic growth and SO2 and PM10 pollution in the BTHS, YRD, and PRD is better than that in other regions, while the decoupling between economic growth and NO2 pollution has not improved significantly in these regions. To improve the relationship between economic growth and air pollution, we suggest that the governments of China and other developing countries should further optimize and adjust the structure of industry, energy, and transportation; apply more stringent targets and measures in areas of serious air pollution; and strengthen mobile vehicle pollution control.

CROSS-BOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION CONTROL UNDER “ONE COUNTRY, TWO SYSTEMS”: PERSPECTIVES FROM HONG KONG–GUANGDONG COLLABORATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (03) ◽  
pp. 601-625
Author(s):  
TING YIN TIFFANY WONG ◽  
YUAN XU ◽  
YOUNGHO CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
One Country Two Systems ◽  
Effective Collaboration

This study aims to examine how “One Country, Two Systems” has shaped and influenced the collaboration on cross-boundary air pollution control between the governments of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Guangdong province. The presence of the Chinese central government significantly fostered the start of this collaboration, but the implementation and collaborative relationship were relatively weak and unsustainable due to the two local governments’ largely different interests, goals and political demands. We found that the emphasis on “One Country” especially after 2003 led to the signature of more joint agreements in comparison with what the emphasis on “Two Systems” did between 1997 and 2003. Joint agreements appear to be necessary conditions for effective collaboration, but too many of them without satisfying implementation could have resulted in less concrete benefits. A balanced stress on “One Country” and “Two Systems” might bring an appropriate number of joint agreements with good implementation for more effective collaboration.

The policy implementation strategies of county cadres: Political instrument and flexible local governance

2020 ◽  
pp. 0920203X2096823
Author(s):  
Gang Tian ◽  
Wen-Hsuan Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Political ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Grass Roots ◽  
Political Risks

Using the concept of ‘hedging’, we explore how local cadres in China deviate from central policies in order to serve local interests and, while doing so, avoid being called to account by their superiors. Political signals enable cadres to decide when to invest more resources into the implementation of certain policies. In this way, they optimize their performance and avoid the political risks involved in failing to carry out their designated tasks. This article uses county Y as an example in a discussion of county-level implementation of policies related to economic growth and air pollution control. We find that local cadres weaken the functions of the superior ‘special inspection team’ (专项督察组, hereafter inspection team), treating them as political instruments used by the central and local authorities to ensure a greater level of responsiveness at the grass roots. Information concerning the imminent arrival of an inspection team in their locality acts as a signal for cadres to allocate more resources to the enforcement of air pollution control measures, thus maximizing their performance in this area. Through this research, we have endeavoured to provide a deeper understanding of the operating logic of Chinese local governments and the behaviour of county cadres.

THE INFLUENCE OF GOVERNMENT’S EXPENDITURE IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ON AIR POLLUTION IN TAIWAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
JR-TSUNG HUANG
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Area ◽  
County Level ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Spatial Econometric ◽  
Primary Finding

This study explores the influence of government’s spending on environmental protection on air pollution in Taiwan. Using the panel data of 20 counties, county-level cities, and municipalities in Taiwan covering the period from 2013 to 2018 and the spatial econometric analysis due to considering the possible spatial dependence of air pollution represented by PM2.5 concentration and SO2 emissions, the primary finding is that government’s spending in the environmental protection can statistically significantly improve air pollution regardless of where the financial source is. However, rather than the local fiscal expenditure on environmental protection, subsidies of the air pollution control from the central government can play more important roles to effectively improve air quality of the local area in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Effects of Air Pollution Control on Urban Development Quality in Chinese Cities Based on Spatial Durbin Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanchao Feng ◽  
Xiaohong Wang ◽  
Wenchao Du ◽  
Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Spatial Durbin Model ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
The Impact

With the rapid development of urbanization, industrialization, and motorization, a large number of Chinese cities have been affected by heavy air pollution. In order to promote the development quality of Chinese cities, mixed regulations to control air pollution have been implemented under the lead of government. The principal component analysis and efficacy coefficient method are used to estimate urban development quality, according to the panel data of 285 prefecture-level cities in China over the period 2003–2016. On this basis, the paper uses the spatial Durbin model to study the direct impact and the spatial spillover effect of air pollution control on urban development quality in China. Results show that the control of smoke and dust has improved urban development quality in China, however, the control of sulfur dioxide has led to the decline of urban development quality in China. Furthermore, the impact of air pollution control on urban development quality in the eastern region is of great significance in statistical tests, while the situation in the central and western regions has not passed the test, implying the spatial heterogeneity among different regions. The different effects of air pollution control on urban development quality in different regions also illustrate the consciousness and supervision of local governments’ environment protection. Finally, the effects decomposition of the influencing factors based on spatial Durbin model (SDM) also supports the robust findings. Promoting the upgrading of energy consumption structure, raising awareness of environmental protection and supervision, and strengthening cooperation of different regions are suggested. Further recommendations are provided to improve the conceptual design and increase the credibility of our research. Our study not only provides new evidence on the impact of air pollution control on urban development quality in China, but also proposes a new perspective to promote urban development quality in China.

scholarly journals Research on Air Pollution Control in China: From the Perspective of Quadrilateral Evolutionary Games

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixin Yang ◽  
Yunpeng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Stable Points ◽  
The Ideal

By constructing a quadrilateral evolutionary game model involving the central government, local governments, polluting enterprises, and the public, this paper attempts to comprehensively analyze the development and implementation of China’s air pollution control policies. Through the quadrilateral evolutionary game model, this paper systematically studies the evolutionary stable strategies of the four parties involved and obtains 27 equilibrium points, strategy sets, and their corresponding policy performance with the help of the four-dimensional dynamic system. The research results show that there are five equilibrium points that represent the least ideal scenarios, 14 equilibrium points that represent the less than ideal scenarios, four equilibrium points that represent the ideal scenarios, three equilibrium points that represent the more than ideal scenarios, and one equilibrium point that represents the most ideal scenarios. By analyzing the eight equilibrium points that represent the ideal, more than ideal and most ideal scenarios, especially the four stable points, this paper has obtained the conditions as well as policy implications of the four stable points in China’s air pollution control campaign.

scholarly journals Replies to Challenges in the Field of Air Pollution Control in Foundry Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
R. Margraf
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Degree Of Separation ◽  
Emission Limit

Abstract The solution of applications for air pollution control in foundries for iron and non-ferrous metals may not only be understood as the observance of requested emission limit values at the stack outlet. An effective environmental protection already starts with the greatest possible capture of pollutants at the source with at the same time minimisation of the volume flow necessary for this. Independent of this, the downstream installed filtration system has to realise a degree of separation of definitely above 99%. Furthermore, when selecting the filter construction, attention has to be paid to a high availability. An even temporarily production without filter will more and more no longer be accepted by residents and authorities. Incidents at the filter lead to a shutdown of the whole production. Additional measures for heat recovery while preparing concepts for filtration plants help to reduce the energy consumption and serve for a sustained conservation of environment. A consequent consideration of the items above is also condition for the fact that environmental protection in foundries remains affordable. The lecture deals with the subjects above from the point of view of a plant constructor.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN MENUJU UDARA BERSIH DI KERAJINAN PERAK DESA CELUK PROVINSI BALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Arian Pramudi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Acid Vapor ◽  
Waste Gas ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Electroplating Process ◽  
The Village

The village of Celuk belongs to Sukawati sub-district, Gianyar regency of Bali province. Celuk Bali Village is famous for the results of gold and silver craftsmen, the home-made crafts do have the quality and taste of high-value art. Silvery handicraft activity one of them is the activity of plating (elektoplating). Electroplating process in addition to producing useful products, also produce solid waste, gas and liquid emissions. Waste in the form of gas emissions generally comes from the evaporation of electrolyte, solvent, acid vapor, and cleaning fluids. The purpose of this paper is how the implementation of environmental management policy of air pollution control towards clean air to silver artisans in Celuk Village. By using methods of data collection with instruments and interviews. From the results of questionnaires and interviews, 0% results obtained for indicators of the implementation of environmental management policies of air pollution control and only 25% for the indicator of clean air

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