scholarly journals Acute Effects of a Speed Training Program on Sprinting Step Kinematics and Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Mackala ◽  
Marek Fostiak ◽  
Brian Schweyen ◽  
Tadeusz Osik ◽  
Milan Coch
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Elite Group ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Speed Training ◽  
Standing Start ◽  
Block Start

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of speed training on sprint step kinematics and performance in male sprinters. Two groups of seven elite (best 100-m time: 10.37 ± 0.04 s) and seven sub-elite (best 100-m time: 10.71 ± 0.15 s) sprinters were recruited. Sprint performance was assessed in the 20 m (flying start), 40 m (standing start), and 60 m (starting block start). Step kinematics were extracted from the first nine running steps of the 20-m sprint using the Opto-Jump–Microgate system. Explosive power was quantified by performing the CMJ, standing long jump, standing triple jump, and standing five jumps. Significant post-test improvements (p < 0.05) were observed in both groups of sprinters. Performance improved by 0.11 s (elite) and 0.06 s (sub-elite) in the 20-m flying start and by 0.06 s (elite) and 0.08 s (sub-elite) in the 60-m start block start. Strong post-test correlations were observed between 60-m block start performance and standing five jumps (SFJ) in the elite group and between 20-m flying start and 40-m standing start performance and standing long jump (SLJ) and standing triple jump (STJ) in the sub-elite group. Speed training (ST) shows potential in the reduction of step variability and as an effective short-term intervention program in the improvement of sprint performance.

scholarly journals Effects on Motor Development and Performance Levels of Physical Activity in Music Accompaniment on Children with Developmental Deficiencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (12a) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Songül Pektaş ◽  
Betül Akyol
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Visual Analog Scale ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Performance Levels ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Shuttle Run

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of physical activity with music on motor development and performance in children with developmental deficiencies. The study includes twenty children with developmental deficiencies, aged between 10-15 years old. Children were classified into two groups randomly and both groups were given 1 hour of training 3 days a week for 20 weeks. Physical activity with English and Spanish verbal song was used for the first group and only physical activity for the second group. Each participant participated in shuttle, shuttle run, flexibility, standing long jump, vertical jump tests.  The fatigue parameter of children was evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale. As a result of this study, it has been shown that physical activity with music is more effective method to improve motor development and performance levels of children with developmental deficiencies.

scholarly journals The Effects of a Running Consistency Programme on Footfall Variability and Performance in the Long Jump

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Marcin Starzak ◽  
Hubert Makaruk ◽  
Anna Starzak
Keyword(s):  
Training Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Acceleration Phase ◽  
Physical Education Students ◽  
Step Velocity ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Introduction. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a training programme aimed to enhance toe-toboard consistency on footfall variability and performance in the long jump. Material and methods. The study involved 36 male physical education students. The experimental group participated in a 12-week training programme, whereas the control group was limited to taking part in the classes held at university. All participants performed 6 long jump trials during two testing sessions. The kinematic parameters were assessed using the Optojump Next device and were further analysed to determine the variability of footfall placement during the approach run. Results. The analysis revealed a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in footfall variability in the experimental group between the pre-test and post-test. After the completion of the training programme, the participants significantly (p < 0.05) improved their take-off accuracy. Additionally, they significantly (p < 0.05) increased their velocity in the last five steps before take-off and the effective distance of the jump (p < 0.001). Conclusions. The results of this study indicate that through specific training, it is possible to improve the consistency of the steps in the acceleration phase of the approach run in the long jump. Moreover, decreasing footfall variability helps achieve a more stable step pattern which may be beneficial for greater accuracy at the take-off board and makes it possible to increase step velocity at the final stage of the approach run.

scholarly journals The Effects of Natural Grass Turf on Some Motoric Characteristics of Young Soccer Players

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Atakan Caglayan
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Natural Grass ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Statistical Improvement ◽  
Grass Turf

The aim of this study is to examine the effect of soccer training on natural turfs on strength, speed, power and balance characteristics in prepubertal children. Twenty-two male athletes chosen from the 12-13 age group who play soccer in the youth team of an amateur soccer club from Istanbul, Turkey volunteered to participate in our study. In the study, 30 m sprint, Y-balance, standing long jump and vertical jump tests were done as pre- and post-tests. The same training program was assigned to the players, who were separated into two groups. One group was trained on synthetic grass turf (SG) while the other group was trained on natural grass turf (NG) for eight weeks. As a result of the statistical analyses, significant improvements were observed in all parameters between pre-and post-test measurements of both SG and NG groups (p<0.05). When the developmental differences of the groups were examined, statistical improvement was found in the standing long jump parameter in favor of the group that trained on Natural Grass turf (p=0.037). In conclusion, depending on the characteristics of the soccer game, enhancements were observed on both surfaces. However, the challenge effect of natural grass turf was more effective than that of synthetic grass turf on leg strength improvement. It is considered that as a result of continuing their soccer trainings on natural grass turfs, young players can improve their performance and can avoid possible injuries.

scholarly journals Relationships between Horizontal Drop Jump Test and Sprint Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 352-358
Author(s):  
Ahmed Attia ◽  
◽  
Zied Nèji ◽  
Néjiba Farhat ◽  
Aymen Khemiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Jump Performance ◽  
Sprint Speed ◽  
Jump Test ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Hop Test ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Linear Regressions

Researchers and trainers are continually looking for determinants of soccer talent in the youngest and in the relationship between individual motor features relevant to this kind of sport. There is a fundamental consensus in the opinion that sprinting and jumping share a number of similar characteristics in soccer players. To the authors’ knowledge, the majority of the studies has been conducted in adult and young athletes and there has yet to be an analysis with prepubescent male players. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the standing long jump, the three-hop test and sprint performance in prepubescent male soccer players. Material and methods. This study comprised 112 prepubescent soccer players (aged 12.08±1.79 years; height: 154.35±12.50 cm; body mass 43.69±10.28 kg). They were assessed for a 30-m linear sprint with three split sprint times, standing long jump test and three-hop test. The associations and relationships between horizontal jump performance in three-hop test and standing long jump with 0-5m, 10-m, 20-m and 30-m sprint times were investigated. Results and discussion. Correlations and linear regressions were assessed. There were weak and large associations between sprint and jump measures (r = -0.21 to -0.66; p <0.001). Linear regressions all included standing long jump as a predictor, but not three-hop test. There were no regression equations that would predict sprint times from triple hop distance that were significant. In their study of national team female athletes Agar-Newman and Klimstra, (2015) showed contradictory results. In their athletes, triple hop distance was a better predictor than standing long jump of both initial sprint speed, and maximal sprint speed. Thus, this area requires further research to better understand the mechanisms through which both sprint and jump performances are achieved in prepubescent male soccer players. Conclusion. Overall, the results of our study support the use of 30-m linear sprint and horizontal jump performance tests for prepubescent male soccer players. This research showed that sprint times correlated to horizontal jump performance in three-hop test and standing long jump tests. It showed the utility of the standing long jump test to evaluate lower limb performance between prepubescent male soccer players

United States university-based officer training and its influence on physical assessment test performance

2020 ◽  
pp. bmjmilitary-2020-001486
Author(s):  
Jessica C Tom ◽  
B K Schilling ◽  
B Poston ◽  
C L Turner ◽  
K N Radzak
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Physical Fitness Test ◽  
Physical Assessment ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionCadets participating in Reserve Officers’ Training Corp (ROTC) at US universities undergo both Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) and Occupational Physical Assessment Test (OPAT) evaluations prior to commissioning. The current study examined the relationship between ROTC physical training (PT) attendance and performance in the APFT and OPAT, and characterised physical activity of cadets outside of PT.MethodsTwenty-six cadets’ (21 males; age=20.81±2.48 years; height=171.16±8.62 cm; body mass=75.49±13.17 kg; body mass index=25.68±3.37 kg/m2) PT attendance, and diagnostic (week 1) and record (week 13) OPAT and APFT scores were documented. Paired samples t-tests evaluated differences in APFT and OPAT scores between the diagnostic and record tests. Pearson correlations were utilised to determine if a relationship existed between PT attendance and test performance. Participating cadets also completed monthly self-reported physical activity questionnaire (September, October, November); findings were reported using descriptive statistics.ResultsCadets attended 87% of PT sessions between OPAT administrations and 85% between APFT administrations. Cadets significantly improved the following test components: standing long jump (p=0.034), seated power throw (p=0.029), shuttle run (p=0.005), sit-ups (p=0.003) and 2-mile run (p=0.045). A significant, positive correlation was found between PT attendance and APFT sit-ups improvements (r=0.473, p=0.015). Cadets’ frequently reported additional physical activity days per week (range: 2.8–3.1 aerobic, 3.2–3.8 strength/power, 2.9–3.2 core strength/endurance).ConclusionsRegular participation in a single semester of ROTC PT was found to significantly increase cadets’ scores in some, but not all, components of the APFT and OPAT. Self-reported physical activity results indicate that cadets regularly train outside of organised PT.

scholarly journals Means of Speed-Strength Abilities Development in Physical Training Classes with 10th Graders

2016 ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
С. А. Пашкевич ◽  
Я. В. Матвієнко
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Muscle Contractions ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Standing Start ◽  
Motor Structure

The purpose of the research is to determine the means of development of speed-strength abilities manifesting in jump-offs in jumping exercises in classes with the 10th graders in order to improve the compliance with the standards of physical preparedness. Materials and methods. Analysis and collation of scientific and methodological literature, special preparedness testing, methods of mathematical statistics. The participants in the experiment were eight 10th-grade boys who turned fifteen or sixteen at the time of the experiment. Research results. During the experiment, we used the following tests: standing long jump, 30‑meter race from the standing start, standing triple jump. We suggested that the pupils perform special exercises: jumping on two legs and pulling up bent legs to the chest, repeated jumps on two legs over obstacles, jumping on two legs over the gymnastic bench while moving along the bench, jumping off a 60-70-cm height landing in half-squat, jumping off a 30-40-cm height onto two legs followed by a jump over obstacles (3-4 low barriers). Conclusions. When performing jumping exercises, it is necessary to create conditions for the reactive-ballistic type of muscle contractions. Experimental exercises were selected by the criteria of “the dynamic compliance principle” to correspond, fully or partly, to the nature of motor activity: motor structure, jump-off biodynamics, muscle tension regime, peculiarities of manifestation of speed-strength abilities.

scholarly journals Kondičné schopnosti v štruktúre limitujúcich ukazovateľov výkonu karatistov

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Marián Vanderka ◽  
Katarína Longová
Keyword(s):  
Paired Comparison ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
Standing Start ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Shuttle Run

Th e aim of the presented work is to contribute to the clarifi cation of the structure of sport performance limiting factors within karate, out of which the following were chosen: disjunctive reaction time lower extremities on visual stimulus and velocity of strike seiken čoku cuki from the perspective of hierarchical formation of the mathematical model. Th e measured values were processed and the paired comparison analysis was used to fi nd the dependency rate between the particular variables. We used both regression and partial correlation analysis for creating the empirical model of the structure of selected motoric factors, which are limiting the performance in karate. On the “second level factor” concerning dependent variables which we have selected, the following motoric factors proved to be signifi cant: standing long jump, 400m run, overhead medicimbal throw and No of sit ups during 1 min. period. On the “third level factor” it were: 50m dash from standing start, No of push ups in 10 second, shuttle run 10x5m, pull ups and isometric endurance in upright possition of pull ups, calculation of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max).

scholarly journals Vybrané kondiční testy a jejich vztah k výkonu ve sportovním lezení

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Vomáčko ◽  
Jiří Baláš ◽  
Matouš Jindra
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Sport Climbing ◽  
Standing Long Jump ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Long Jump ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship

Sport climbing is now seen as part of the climbing population fi tness interesting resource. Th is study clarifi es the relationship between selected conditioning tests, anamnetic data and performance in sport climbing in the climbing trips OS or RP and each points to a relationship between these ways of ascent climbing routes. Study describes the relation between the diff erent standardized tests selected from Eurofi t test set (standing long jump, full forward trunk bend, pull-up hold, manual dynamometry, „fl amingo“ exercise), anthropometric data (body height, body weight, body fat ratio in %) and anamnestic data (length of climbing experience, climbing performance in terms Red Point RP, and On sight OS). Th e dependency measure is expressed by a linear regression with two dependent variables. Th e dependent variables express climbing performance in terms of RP and OS. Th e signifi cant indicators for dependent variable RP in this given regressive model are length of climbing experience, pull-up hold, manual dynamometry and body weight; for the dependent variable OS, these are length of climbing experience, pull-up hold and manual dynamometry. Aft er the application of a linear regression analysis with two dependent variables, the dependency measure between the RP and OS performance was formulated as a partial correlation rp = 0,745.

scholarly journals The effects of verbal and visual feedback on performance and learning freestyle swimming in novice swimmers

Kinesiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Giannousi ◽  
Efthimis Kioumourtzoglou
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
Modeling Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Speed Performance ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Effects Of Feedback ◽  
And Control

<div>The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of feedback on freestyle learning and performance of novice swimmers. Sixty male (Mage=18.7, SD=1.82) first year students were randomly assigned into four groups: self-modeling, expert-modeling, verbal, and control group. The intervention program lasted for seven weeks. Participants were evaluated in 25m freestyle swimming, with a pool buoy between the legs and breathing every three hands through a pre-test, a post-test and a retention test. The result revealed that self-modeling group was the most effective, in comparison with the other types of feedback, in terms of improvement of the technique in novice swimmers. There were no differences between groups in the speed performance of 25m free style swimming. Overall, the present study provides valuable evidence for the effects of self-modeling on performance in freestyle swimming, and encourages research to further</div><div>explore such effects between different types of feedback in real training conditions.</div>

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