scholarly journals Characteristics in Stages of Change and Decisional Balance among Smokers: The Burden of Obstructive Lung Diseases (BOLD)-Australia Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3372
Author(s):  
Marsha A. Ivey ◽  
Graeme P. Maguire ◽  
Brett G. Toelle ◽  
Guy B. Marks ◽  
Michael J. Abramson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Obstructive Lung Diseases ◽  
Readiness To Quit

Smoking cessation remains a health promotion target. Applying the Transtheoretical Model to Australian Burden of Obstructive Lung Diseases (BOLD) data, we examined differences in stages of change (SoC) and readiness to quit decisional behaviours. Factors were identified likely to influence readiness of smokers, ≥40 years old, to quit. Analysis was restricted to current smokers classified to one of three stages: pre-contemplation (PC), contemplation (C) or preparation (P) to quit. Their ability to balance positive and negative consequences was measured using decisional balance. Among 314 smokers, 43.0% females and 60.8% overweight/obese, the distribution of SoC was: 38.1% PC, 38.3% C and 23.5% P. Overweight/obesity was associated with readiness to quit in stages C and P and there were more negative than positive attitudes towards smoking in those stages. Males were significantly heavier smokers in PC and C stages. Females used smoking cessation medication more frequently in PC stage, were more embarrassed about smoking and had greater negative reinforcements from smoking. Age started smoking and factors related to smoking history were associated with readiness to quit and increased the odds of being in stage C or P. An overweight/obese smoker was likely to be contemplating or preparing to quit. In these stages, smokers have more negative attitudes toward smoking. Starting smoking later, taking advice on cessation from health providers and using quit medications indicate increased readiness to quit. Evaluating these factors in smokers and developing cessation gain-framed messages may prove useful to healthcare providers.

Self-efficacy, decisional balance and the stages of change for smoking cessation in a German sample

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Keller ◽  
Claudio R. Nigg ◽  
Christian Jäkle ◽  
Erika Baum ◽  
Heinz-Dieter Basler
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
German Sample ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Relationship Of

The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) has been shown to be a powerful basis for describing and explaining behavior change and designing effective interventions. Previous research has documented its usefulness in the context of smoking cessation as well as other areas but predominantly in US samples. The goal of this study was to provide further data on the applicability of the TTM and the relationship of some of its core constructs (stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance) in a German sample of smokers and ex-smokers. Participants (N = 401) were ever-smokers (age M = 47 years, range 35-65, 62% male) who participated in a health check-up for cardiovascular risk factors at their general practitioner's office. For current smokers, significant differences in the number of quit attempts across the stages of change supported the criterion validity of the staging algorithm; differences in number of cigarettes per day were non-significant. Self-efficacy for non-smoking behavior showed an almost linear increase across the stages of change, with significant differences between pre-action and action stages. The pros for smoking cessation also increased significantly across the stages, mainly due to a significantly lower perception of pros by participants in the Precontemplation stage. As expected, the cons for smoking cessation decreased significantly, being lower in Action and Maintenance than in earlier stages. Although the generalizability of the results for the stage distribution is limited by the selectivity of the sample, the results underline the applicability and replicability of these TTM core constructs for smoking cessation with newly developed instruments in a German sample.

scholarly journals The impact on adolescents of a Transtheoretical Model-based programme on fruit and vegetable consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 2500-2508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamer Gur ◽  
Saime Erol ◽  
Hasibe Kadioglu ◽  
Ayse Ergun ◽  
Rukiye Boluktas
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjective:The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of a Transtheoretical Model-based programme titled ‘Fruit & Vegetable-Friendly’ on the fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption of adolescents.Design:A quasi-experimental study. The ‘Fruit & Vegetable-Friendly’, a multicomponent intervention based on the Transtheoretical Model, was completed in eight weeks. The data were collected one week before the intervention, one week after the completion of the intervention and six months after the post-test with an F&V intake questionnaire and the stages of change, processes of change (α = 0·91), situational self-efficacy (α = 0·91) and decisional balance (α = 0·90 for pros, α = 0·87 for cons) scales. Data were analysed with the Friedman, Wilcoxon and marginal homogeneity tests.Setting:A public secondary school in Istanbul, Turkey.Participants:Seven hundred and two adolescents.Results:The mean (sd) F&V intake of adolescents in the passive stages rose from the daily average at the time of the pre-test of 3·40 (1·79) portions to 5·45 (2·54) portions on the post-test and to 5·75 (2·70) portions on the follow-up test (P < 0·01). While the students in the passive stages represented 41·6 % of the participants prior to the programme, this rate fell to 23·7 % at the post-test and to 22·7 % at the follow-up. Students in the active stages first represented 58·5 % of the participants; this rate rose to 76·4 % at the post-test and to 77·2 % at the follow-up test.Conclusions:The programme was effective in increasing the amount of F&V the adolescents consumed on a daily basis.

Educational Intervention Enhances Consumers' Readiness To Adopt Food Thermometer Use When Cooking Small Cuts of Meat: An Application of the Transtheoretical Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1874-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAMI T. TAKEUCHI ◽  
MIRIAM EDLEFSEN ◽  
SANDRA M. McCURDY ◽  
VIRGINIA N. HILLERS
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
Readiness To Adopt ◽  
Educational Campaigns

An intervention to promote use of food thermometers when cooking small cuts of meat was conducted using the Transtheoretical Model. Objectives were to (i) increase use of food thermometers by home food preparers, (ii) improve consumers' attitudes regarding use of a food thermometer, and (iii) examine relationships between stages of change and decisional balance, self-efficacy, and processes of change. A randomly selected group of residents of Washington and Idaho (n = 2,500) were invited to participate in the research; 295 persons completed all phases of the multistep intervention. Following the intervention program, there was a significant increase in food thermometer use when cooking small cuts of meat (P < 0.01); those persons classified in action and maintenance stages increased from 9 to 34%. Ownership of thermometers also significantly increased (P < 0.05). The three constructs related to the Transtheoretical Model that were used in the study (decisional balance, self-efficacy, and processes of change) were very useful for examining differences among people at different stages of change because the responses for each set of questions differed positively and significantly (P < 0.01) as stages of change classifications advanced from precontemplation (no interest in thermometer use) to action and maintenance (individuals who use food thermometers). Additional educational campaigns designed to increase use of food thermometers are needed. Because most consumers are currently in the precontemplation stage, food thermometer campaigns will be most effective when they are focused on raising awareness of the food safety risks and the benefits of using food thermometers when cooking small cuts of meat.

scholarly journals The Green Eating Project: web-based intervention to promote environmentally conscious eating behaviours in US university students

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 2368-2378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica T Monroe ◽  
Ingrid E Lofgren ◽  
Becky L Sartini ◽  
Geoffrey W Greene
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Food System ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
The North ◽  
Quasi Experimental

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of an online, interactive intervention, referred to as the Green Eating (GE) Project, to motivate university students to adopt GE behaviours.DesignThe study was quasi-experimental and integrated into courses for credit/extra credit. Courses were randomly stratified into experimental or non-treatment control. The 5-week intervention consisted of four modules based on different GE topics. Participants completed the GE survey at baseline (experimental,n241; control,n367) and post (experimental,n187; control,n304). The GE survey has been previously validated and consists of Transtheoretical Model constructs including stage of change (SOC), decisional balance (DB: Pros and Cons) and self-efficacy (SE: School and Home) as well as behaviours for GE. Modules contained basic information regarding each topic and knowledge items to assess content learning.SettingThe GE Project took place at a public university in the north-eastern USA.SubjectsParticipants were full-time students between the ages of 18 and 24 years.ResultsThe GE Project was effective in significantly increasing GE behaviours, DB Pros, SE School and knowledge in experimental compared with control, but did not reduce DB Cons or increase SE Home. Experimental participants were also more likely to be in later SOC for GE at post testing.ConclusionsThe GE Project was effective in increasing GE behaviours in university students. Motivating consumers towards adopting GE could assist in potentially mitigating negative consequences of the food system on the environment. Future research could tailor the intervention to participant SOC to further increase the effects or design the modules for other participants.

The Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O. Prochaska ◽  
Wayne F. Velicer
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Behavior Change ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
At Risk Populations

The transtheoretical model posits that health behavior change involves progress through six stages of change: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, and termination. Ten processes of change have been identified for producing progress along with decisional balance, self-efficacy, and temptations. Basic research has generated a rule of thumb for at-risk populations: 40% in precontemplation, 40% in contemplation, and 20% in preparation. Across 12 health behaviors, consistent patterns have been found between the pros and cons of changing and the stages of change. Applied research has demonstrated dramatic improvements in recruitment, retention, and progress using stage-matched interventions and proactive recruitment procedures. The most promising outcomes to date have been found with computer-based individualized and interactive interventions. The most promising enhancement to the computer-based programs are personalized counselors. One of the most striking results to date for stage-matched programs is the similarity between participants reactively recruited who reached us for help and those proactively recruited who we reached out to help. If results with stage-matched interventions continue to be replicated, health promotion programs will be able to produce unprecedented impacts on entire at-risk populations.

scholarly journals Ethnic Differences in Decisional Balance and Stages of Mammography Adoption

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Otero-Sabogal ◽  
Susan Stewart ◽  
Sarah J. Shema ◽  
Rena J. Pasick
Keyword(s):  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
White Women ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Behavioral Theories ◽  
Phone Survey ◽  
Long Time ◽  
English Speaking

Behavioral theories developed through research with mainstream, English-speaking populations have been applied to ethnically diverse and underserved communities in the effort to eliminate disparities in early breast cancer detection. This study tests the validity of the transtheoretical model (TTM) decisional balance measure and the application of the TTM stages of change in a multiethnic, multilingual sample. A random sample of 1,463 Filipino, Latino, African American, Chinese, and White women aged 40 to 74 completed a phone survey of mammography beliefs and practices. Consistent with the TTM and independent of ethnicity, decisional balance was associated with mammography stage in all five ethnic groups when controlling for socioeconomic and other factors. In addition, having private insurance and a regular physician and being a long-time resident in the United States were positively associated with mammography maintenance. The application of the TTM for mammography is supported in a multiethnic and multilingual sample.

scholarly journals Mexican validation of the decisional balance scale for exercise (Validación mexicana de la escala de balance decisional para el ejercicio)

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 101-105
Author(s):  
Jorge Zamarripa Rivera ◽  
Claudia Hernández-Soto ◽  
Germán Hernández-Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Nuevo Leon ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Nuevo León ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Benefits And Costs ◽  
Nomological Validity

Decisional balance is a process that allows people to compare perceived benefits and costs of a certain behavior such as exercising. The aims of the present study were: to translate a Decisional Balance Scale for physical exercise (EBD-E); to adapt it to the Mexican context; to examine its factorial structure; and to assess its internal consistency and nomological validity. The sample was composed by 530 individuals from the urban area of Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico (48.2% males and 51.8% females; average age = 33.22 ± 15.27; age range = 11-76). Results from both exploratory and confirmatory factorial analyses confirmed the structural validity of the Mexican version of EBD-E, as satisfactory values were obtained for the coefficients of internal consistency. The variance of benefits, costs, and decisional balance through the stages of change was in line with the transtheoretical model, thus supporting the nomological validity of the Mexican version of EBD-E.Resumen. El balance decisional es el proceso mediante el cual las personas comparan los beneficios frente a los costos percibidos de realizar un comportamiento, por ejemplo, realizar ejercicio. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron traducir y adaptar al español hablado en México la escala de balance decisional para el ejercicio físico (EBD-E), examinar su estructura factorial y analizar su consistencia interna y validez nomológica. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 530 personas (48.2% varones y 51.8% mujeres; Medad= 33.22 años; DT=15.27; Rango= 11-76), que viven en el área metropolitana de la ciudad de Monterrey, Nuevo León (México). Los resultados del análisis factorial exploratorio como los del confirmatorio brindan apoyo a la validez factorial de la versión mexicana de la EBD-E. Los resultados mostraron coeficientes de consistencia interna satisfactorios. La variación de los pros, contras y el balance decisional a través de las etapas de cambio se presentó conforme a los postulados establecidos en el modelo transteórico brindando apoyo a la validez nomológica de la versión mexicana de la escala de balance decisional para el ejercicio (EBD-E).

scholarly journals Cross-validation of transtheoretical model smoking cessation measures in Chicago WIHS women smokers with and at risk for HIV

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-468
Author(s):  
Colleen A Redding ◽  
David Goldberg ◽  
Kathleen M Weber ◽  
Hui-Qing Yin ◽  
Andrea L Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Women Smokers ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Tailored Interventions

Abstract People with and at risk for HIV have high rates of smoking, increasing their morbidity and mortality. Effective cessation interventions are needed for this group. Transtheoretical model (TTM)-tailored interventions have demonstrated efficacy, but measures need cross-validation in this population. TTM cessation measures were evaluated in women smokers with and at risk for HIV (N = 111) from Chicago Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). Confirmatory factor analyses evaluated measurement models. MANOVAs examined relationships between constructs and stage subgroups. For decisional balance, the two-factor uncorrelated model was best (χ2(20) = 13.96; comparative fit index [CFI], 1.0; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = .00), with good (pros α = .78) and fair (cons α = .55) four-item alphas. The one-factor temptations model (α = .90) showed reasonable fit (χ2(18) = 80.22; CFI = .89; RMSEA = .177). Processes of change subscales had fair to good two-item alphas (α = .49–.77) and fit a 10-factor fully correlated model (χ2(125) = 222.72; CFI = .88; RMSEA = .084). MANOVAs by stage of change replicated expected patterns for the pros, overall temptations, and two process subscales with medium-sized effects (η2 = .06–.18). Contrary to expectations, no differences by stage were found for cons or temptation negative affect subscales. The structures of these TTM measures replicated with good internal and external validity, except for the cons, which needs refinement. Negative affect temptations was structurally sound, but did not vary by stage group potentially reflecting this sample’s moderate depression levels and/or their reliance on smoking to deal with negative affect. Results support the use of most TTM measures in research and tailored interventions to increase smoking cessation among women smokers with and at risk for HIV and highlight the importance of managing negative affect in cessation materials targeting this group.

Does the Transtheoretical Model Predict Attrition in Domestic Violence Treatment Programs?

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Normand Brodeur ◽  
Gilles Rondeau ◽  
Serge Brochu ◽  
Jocelyn Lindsay ◽  
Jason Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Decisional Balance ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Motivation To Change ◽  
Canadian French ◽  
Domestically Violent ◽  
French Speaking ◽  
Domestic Violence Treatment

Attrition in intervention programs for domestically violent men is considered to be a serious and enduring problem. Researchers have found a number of sociodemographic variables that partially explain this phenomenon; however, models based on these variables have a limited predictive power. Scott (2004) argues that a firm theoretical base is needed in future investigations of the problem and suggests the use of the transtheoretical model of behavior change (TTM), which was found to predict dropout with accuracy in other areas of behavioral change. This study investigated the relationship between four TTM constructs (Stages of Change, Decisional Balance, Self-Efficacy, and Processes of Change) and premature termination with a sample of Canadian French-speaking men (N = 302) in five domestic violence treatment programs. Contrary to the initial hypotheses, the TTM constructs did not predict dropout. Discussion investigates how social desirability bias affects results being obtained by current TTM measures and whether more motivation to change at intake necessarily relates to involvement in treatment for longer periods of time.

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