scholarly journals Adsorption Behavior and Relative Distribution of Cd2+ Adsorption Mechanisms by the Magnetic and Nonmagnetic Biochars Derived from Chicken Manure

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Huang ◽  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Ren-Ren Wu ◽  
Si-Ming Zhang ◽  
Rong-Bo Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Before And After

The present study investigated the adsorption of Cd2+ by nonmagnetic and magnetic biochars (CMB and M-CMB) derived from chicken manure, respectively. The adsorption characteristics were investigated as a function of initial pH, contact time, initial Cd2+ concentration and magnetic separation. Adsorption process of both biochars were better described by Pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and Freundlich isotherm model, which were spontaneous and endothermic in nature. It was found that maximum capacities were 60.69 and 41.07 mg/g obtained at the initial Cd2+ concentration of 180 mg/L for CMB and M-CMB, and the turbidity of adsorption-treated solution was reduced from 244.3 to 11.3 NTU after magnetic separation of 0.5 min. These indicated that M-CMB had lower adsorption capacity of Cd2+ than CMB, though it was successfully separated from the treated solutions. Furthermore, both biochars before and after adsorption were analyzed by SEM-EDS, XRD and FTIR. Adsorption mechanisms mainly included precipitation, ion-exchange, complexation and Cπ-coordination, in which precipitation and ion-exchange dominated the adsorption process by CMB, while in M-CMB, precipitation was always predominant mechanism, followed by ion-exchange. The two other mechanisms of complexation and Cπ-coordination were trivial in both biochars, jointly contributing 7.21% for CMB and 5.05% for M-CMB to total adsorption. The findings deepen our understanding of the mechanisms governing the adsorption process, which are also important for future practical applications in the removal of heavy metals from wastewater by the biochars.

Removal of Malachite Green from Aqueous Solutions by Perlite

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayakumar Govindasamy ◽  
Renganathan Sahadevan ◽  
Sivanesan Subramanian ◽  
Dharmendira Kumar Mahendradas
Keyword(s):  
Malachite Green ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Enthalpy Change ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms

Perlite was utilized as an adsorbent for the removal of malachite green from their aqueous solution. The effects of the initial dye concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose, pH, and temperature were studied for the adsorption of malachite green in batch mode. The dye adsorption equilibrium was rapidly attained after 40 min of contact time. Adsorbent was characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm described the adsorption data over the concentration range (20 – 100 mg/L). The rate parameters of the intra particle diffusion were calculated and compared to identify the adsorption mechanisms. The thermodynamic parameters such as entropy change, enthalpy change, and energy of adsorption were calculated to know the nature of adsorption. The negative values of energy of adsorption and the positive values of enthalpy change suggested that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process obeyed the pseudo first-order kinetic model.

Mathematical Modelling for Copper and Lead Adsorption on Coffee Grounds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgita Seniūnaitė ◽  
Rasa Vaiškūnaitė ◽  
Kristina Bazienė
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Mathematical Modelling ◽  
Adsorption Kinetics ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Research studies on the adsorption kinetics are conducted in order to determine the absorption time of heavy metals on coffee grounds from liquid. The models of adsorption kinetics and adsorption diffusion are based on mathe-matical models (Cho et al. 2005). The adsorption kinetics can provide information on the mechanisms occurring be-tween adsorbates and adsorbents and give an understanding of the adsorption process. In the mathematical modelling of processes, Lagergren’s pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order kinetics and the intra-particle diffusion models are usually applied. The mathematical modelling has shown that the kinetics of the adsorption process of heavy metals (copper (Cu) and lead (Pb)) is more appropriately described by the Lagergren’s pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The kinetic constants (k2Cu = 0.117; k2Pb = 0,037 min−1) and the sorption process speed (k2qeCu = 0.0058–0.4975; k2qePb = 0.021–0.1661 mg/g per min) were calculated. After completing the mathematical modelling it was calculated that the Langmuir isotherm better reflects the sorption processes of copper (Cu) (R2 = 0.950), whilst the Freundlich isotherm – the sorption processes of lead (Pb) (R2 = 0.925). The difference between the mathematically modelled and experimen-tally obtained sorption capacities for removal of heavy metals on coffee grounds from aqueous solutions is 0.059–0.164 mg/l for copper and 0.004–0.285 mg/l for lead. Residual concentrations of metals in a solution showed difference of 1.01 and 0.96 mg/l, respectively.

scholarly journals Construction of Novel Polymerizable Ionic Liquid Microemulsions and the In Situ Synthesis of Poly(Ionic Liquid) Adsorbents

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aili Wang ◽  
Shuhui Li ◽  
Hou Chen ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Xiong Peng
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Poly Ionic Liquid

This paper reports the successful construction of novel polymerizable ionic liquid microemulsions and the in situ synthesis of poly(ionic liquid) adsorbents for the removal of Zn2+ from aqueous solution. Dynamic light-scattering data were used to confirm the polymerization media and to illustrate the effect of the crosslinker dosage on the droplet size of the microemulsion. FTIR and thermal analysis were employed to confirm the successful preparation of the designed polymers and characterize their thermostability and glass transition-temperature value. The optimization of the adsorption process indicates that the initial concentration of Zn2+, pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time affected the adsorption performance of poly(ionic liquid)s toward Zn2+. Furthermore, our research revealed that the adsorption process can be effectively described by the pseudo second-order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm model.

Removal of fluoride from aqueous solution by adsorption onto Kanuma mud

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1888-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Chen ◽  
Zhenya Zhang ◽  
Chuanping Feng ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Rongzhi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Intra Particle Diffusion ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

Kanuma mud, a geomaterial, is used as an adsorbent for the removal of fluoride from water. The influences of contact time, solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial fluoride concentration and co-existing ions were investigated by batch equilibration studies. The rate of adsorption was rapid with equilibrium being attained after about 2 h, and the maximum removal of fluoride was obtained at pH 5.0–8.0. The Freundlich isotherm model was found to represent the measured adsorption data well. The negative value of the thermodynamic parameter ΔG suggests the adsorption of fluoride by Kanuma mud was spontaneous, the endothermic nature of adsorption was confirmed by the positive ΔH value. The negative ΔS value for adsorbent denoted decreased randomness at the solid/liquid interface. The adsorption process using Kanuma mud followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Fluoride uptake by the Kanuma mud was a complex process and intra-particle diffusion played a major role in the adsorption process. It was found that adsorbed fluoride could be easily desorbed by washing the adsorbent with a solution of pH 12. This indicates the material could be easily recycled.

scholarly journals Preparation of CoFe2O4@Carboxymethylcellulose/HZSM-5 as a Novel Nano Magnetic Adsorbent for Metronidazole Removal: Isotherm, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Nasiri ◽  
Mohammad Reza Heidari ◽  
Neda Javid ◽  
Ghazal Yazdanpanah
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Thermodynamic Study ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Endothermic Process ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Green Conditions ◽  
Kinetic And Thermodynamic Study

Abstract In this research CoFe2O4@CMC/ HZSM-5 synthesized in the presence of Carboxymethylcellulose as a biopolymer in the green conditions as a new nanomagnetic adsorbent for metronidazole removal from aqueous media. Physical and chemical structure of adsorbent was investigated by FTIR, FESEM, EDS, Mapping, TEM, XRD, VSM, BET and TGA techniques. The results indicated that 94% of the metronidazole concentration removed by CoFe2O4@CMC/HZSM-5 in the optimal conditions including pH 6, temperature 20oC, metronidazole concentration 50 mg/L, contact time 60 min and adsorbent dose 2 g/L. The resulting data from adsorption experimental experiments had better correlated with the Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetic. Also, the thermodynamic study demonstrated that the adsorption process was an endothermic process and had a physical mechanism. As well as, the achieved findings demonstrated that following six adsorption runs, the adsorbent chemical structure had no change and the nanomagnetic adsorbent efficiency in the removal process had a slight decrease. CoFe2O4@CMC/HZSM-5 magnetic nanocomposite had effective adsorption capacity for metronidazole removal.

scholarly journals Effective Adsorption of Patulin from Apple Juice by Using Non-Cytotoxic Heat-Inactivated Cells and Spores of Alicyclobacillus Strains

Toxins ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Sajid ◽  
Sajid Mehmood ◽  
Chen Niu ◽  
Yahong Yuan ◽  
Tianli Yue
Keyword(s):  
Apple Juice ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Alicyclobacillus Acidocaldarius ◽  
Apple Products

Patulin (PAT) is a major threat to many food products, especially apple and apple products, causing human health risks and economic losses. The aim of this study was to remove PAT from apple juice by using the heat-inactivated (HI) cells and spores of seven Alicyclobacillus strains under controlled conditions. The HI cells and spores of seven strains adsorbed PAT effectively, and the HI cells and spores of Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius DSM 451 (A51) showed maximum PAT adsorption capacity of up to 12.6 μg/g by HI cells and 11.8 μg/g by HI spores at 30 °C and pH 4.0 for 24 h. Moreover, the PAT adsorption process followed the pseudo-first order kinetic model and the Freundlich isotherm model; thermodynamic parameters revealed that PAT adsorption is a spontaneous exothermic physisorption process. The results also indicated that PAT adsorption is strain-specific. The HI cells and spores of Alicyclobacillus strains are non-cytotoxic, and the bioadsorption of PAT did not affect the quality of the juice. Furthermore, the cell wall surface plays an important role in the adsorption process.

scholarly journals The combination of novel airlift magnetic separation loop system and an efficient biosorbent for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 2149-2157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Li ◽  
Huidong Li ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Kaili Huo ◽  
Zhexin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Loop System ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Walnut Shell ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
System Optimum ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Abstract An efficient biosorbent containing magnetic nanoparticles, walnut shell powder, foam, and alginate (AMWSF) was prepared and used in Pb(II) removal. The adsorption process was performed in an airlift magnetic separation loop system. Optimum adsorption conditions were tested at pH 3–7, biomass dose of 0.03–0.4 g, temperature of 15–35 °C, initial Pb(II) ion concentration of 50–400 mg·L−1, and contact time of 10–480 min. The equilibrium adsorption capacity reached up to 69.45 mg·g−1. The physicochemical properties of AMWSF were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The experimental data were in agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. The influences of Cu(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II) on Pb(II) adsorption showed antagonistic effect strength in the order of Cu(II) > Cd(II) > Zn(II). AMWSF was reused seven times and separated rapidly by magnetic field. The results demonstrated the potential of AMWSF in practical applications involving Pb(II).

scholarly journals Enhanced Removal of Sulfonated Lignite from Oil Wastewater with Multidimensional MgAl-LDH Nanoparticles

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 861
Author(s):  
Ling Zhou ◽  
Michal Slaný ◽  
Bingbing Bai ◽  
Weichao Du ◽  
Chengtun Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Hydrothermal Condition ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Double Hydroxide ◽  
Oil Wastewater ◽  
Layered Double Hydroxide Nanoparticles

In this study, hierarchical MgAl-LDH (layered double hydroxide) nanoparticles with a flower-like morphology were prepared under a hydrothermal condition by employing worm-like micelles formed by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and salicylic acid (SA) as templates. The morphology and structure of the materials were characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), SEM, and XRD analyses. The performance for the adsorption of sulfonated lignite (SL) was also investigated in detail. FTIR was used to detect the presence of active functional groups and determine whether they play important roles in adsorption. The results showed that the hierarchical MgAl-LDH nanoparticles with a specific surface area of 126.31 m2/g possessed a flower-like morphology and meso–macroporous structures. The adsorption capacity was high—its value was 1014.20 mg/g at a temperature of 298 K and an initial pH = 7, which was higher than traditional MgAl-LDH (86 mg/g). The adsorption process of sulfonated lignite followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model and conformed to Freundlich isotherm model with a spontaneous exothermic nature. In addition, the hierarchical MgAl-LDH could be regenerated and used, and the adsorption was high after three adsorption cycles. The main adsorption mechanisms were electrostatic attraction and ion exchange between the hierarchical MgAl-LDH and sulfonated lignite.

scholarly journals Novel Hydroxyapatite Beads for the Adsorption of Radionuclides from Decommissioned Nuclear Power Plant Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1746
Author(s):  
Thi Nhung Tran ◽  
Junho Kim ◽  
Joo-Sung Park ◽  
Youngkun Chung ◽  
Jaemun Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Polyvinyl Butyral ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Aqueous Environments ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Although a powdered form of hydroxyapatite (p-HdA) has been studied for the adsorption of heavy metals that contaminate the restoration sites of decommissioned nuclear power plants, most of the studies are limited in the laboratory due to the head loss and post-separation in practical applications. Herein, we fabricated a porous bead form of HdA (b-HdA) as a novel adsorbent for removing radionuclides from aqueous environments via a facile synthesis by mixing the p-HdA precursor and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) as a binder and added a sintering process for the final production of a porous structure. The spherical b-HdA with an approximate diameter of 2.0 mm was successfully fabricated. The effectiveness of the b-HdA at removing Co(II) was investigated via the adsorption equilibrium at various experimental temperatures. The b-HdA exhibited the adsorption capacity for Co(II) ions with a maximum of 7.73 and 11.35 mg/g at 293 K and 313 K, respectively. The experimental kinetic data were well described using a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the adsorption mechanisms of Co(II) onto the b-HdA were revealed to be a chemisorption process with intraparticle diffusion being the rate-limiting step. In addition, the competitive adsorption onto the b-HdA with the order of U(VI) > Co(II) > Ni(II) > Sr(II) > Cs(I) was also observed in the multi-radionuclides system. Considering the advantages of the size, applicability to the continuous-flow column, and the easy separation from treated water, the b-HdA can be an excellent absorbent with high potential for practical applications for removing radionuclides.

scholarly journals Functionalized Porous Nanoscale Fe3O4 Particles Supported Biochar From Peanut Shell For Pb(II) Ions Removal From Landscape Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojun Jin ◽  
Renrong Liu ◽  
Huifang Wang ◽  
Li Han ◽  
Muqing Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Complexation Reaction ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms

Abstract The large amounts of heavy metal from landscape wastewater have become serious problems of environmental pollution and risks for human health. It affects the growth of plant and aquatic, and leads to the destruction of landscape. Therefore, the development of efficient novel adsorbent is a very important for treatment of heavy metal. A low-cost and easily obtained agricultural waste (Peanut Shell) was modified by nanoscale Fe3O4 particles. Then, the functionalized porous nanoscale Fe3O4 particles supported biochar from peanut shell (PS-Fe3O4) for removal of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution was investigated. The characterization of PS-Fe3O4 composites showed that PS from peanut shell was successfully coated with porous nanoscale Fe3O4 particles. The pseudo second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model were more fitted for describing the adsorption process of Pb(II) ions in solution. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(II) ions removal in solution by PS-Fe3O4 composites could reach 188.68 mg/g. The adsorption process of Pb(II) ions removal by PS-Fe3O4 composites was a spontaneous and endothermic process. The adsorption mechanisms of Pb(II) ions by PS-Fe3O4 composites were mainly controlled by the chemical adsorption process. They included Fe-O coordination reaction, co-precipitation, complexation reaction and ion exchange. PS-Fe3O4 composites were thought as a low-cost, good regeneration performance and high efficiency adsorption material for removal of Pb(II) ions in solution.

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