scholarly journals Eating Disorders among College Students in France: Characteristics, Help-and Care-Seeking

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Pierre Tavolacci ◽  
Pierre Déchelotte ◽  
Joel Ladner
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Restrictive Eating ◽  
The University

The aim of this paper was to identify the characteristics of broader categories of eating disorders (ED) and help- and care-seeking among college students. An online cross-sectional study was conducted among students of the University of Rouen-Normandy, France. The Expali-validated algorithmic tool, combining SCOFF test (Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food) and body mass index, was used to screen eating disorders into three diagnostic categories: restrictive eating disorders, bulimic eating disorders, and hyperphagic eating disorders. A total of 1493 college students were included; mean age was 20.1 years (SD = 1.9). The prevalence of likely cases of eating disorder was 24.8% (95% CI, 22.6–27.0). Percentage distributions of bulimic eating disorders, hyperphagic eating disorders, and restrictive eating disorders were 13.3%, 8.6%, and 2.9%, respectively. The two main resources for help-seeking in emotional stress situations were friends and family, whatever the ED. Students with eating disorders consulted their general practitioner more often for stress or anxiety than students without eating disorders: hyperphagic eating disorders (44.9%), restrictive eating disorders (35.1%), bulimic eating disorders (30.2%), and no eating disorder (20.4%) (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of healthcare renunciation was 21.9%, with a higher risk among students with bulimic eating disorders (AOR CI 95% 1.91 (1.34–2.72). The findings show one quarter of students screened positive for an eating disorder. Stress management was not necessarily different between students with eating disorders and students without eating disorders, but the former had a greater risk of renouncing treatment, especially related to a fear of seeing a general practitioner.

scholarly journals The Impact of Retrospective Childhood Maltreatment on Eating Disorders as Mediated by Food Addiction: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Bou Khalil ◽  
Ghassan Sleilaty ◽  
Sami Richa ◽  
Maude Seneque ◽  
Sylvain Iceta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Food Addiction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Yale Food Addiction Scale ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
The Impact

Background: The current study aimed to test whether food addiction (FA) might mediate the relationship between the presence of a history of childhood maltreatment and eating disorder (ED) symptom severity. Methods: Participants were 231 patients with ED presenting between May 2017 and January 2020 to a daycare treatment facility for assessment and management with mainly the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2), the Child Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS 2.0). Results: Participants had a median age of 24 (interquartile range (IQR) 20–33) years and manifested anorexia nervosa (61.47%), bulimia nervosa (16.88%), binge-eating disorders (9.09%), and other types of ED (12.55%). They were grouped into those likely presenting FA (N = 154) and those without FA (N = 77). The group with FA reported higher scores on all five CTQ subscales, as well as the total score of the EDI-2 (p < 0.001). Using mediation analysis; significant indirect pathways between all CTQ subscales and the EDI-2 total score emerged via FA, with the largest indirect effect emerging for physical neglect (standardized effect = 0.208; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.127–0.29) followed by emotional abuse (standardized effect = 0.183; 95% CI 0.109–0.262). Conclusion: These results are compatible with a model in which certain types of childhood maltreatment, especially physical neglect, may induce, maintain, and/or exacerbate ED symptoms via FA which may guide future treatments.

scholarly journals Disordered Eating Behaviours and Eating Disorders in Women in Australia with and Without Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Pirotta ◽  
Mary Barillaro ◽  
Leah Brennan ◽  
Angela Grassi ◽  
Yvonne Jeanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Disordered Eating ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cross Sectional

Psychological co-morbidities common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may contribute to disordered eating and subsequent weight gain. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of disordered eating and a range of eating disorders and demographic risk factors associated with these behaviours within an Australian group of women with and without PCOS. Data from 899 women with (n = 501) and without (n = 398) PCOS were analysed as possibly indicative of disordered eating or eating disorders using the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria. Disordered eating (p = 0.012) but not eating disorders (p = 0.076) were more prevalent in women with PCOS compared to controls. Increased body mass index (BMI) [Odds Ratio (OR): 1.03; 95%; Confidence Interval (CI): 1.01, 1.05, p = 0.012] and older age [OR: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.08, p = 0.002] but not PCOS diagnosis [OR: 1.43; 95%CI: 0.96, 2.13 p = 0.078] increased the odds of disordered eating. Increased BMI [OR: 1.04; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.06, p < 0.001] and younger age [OR: -0.95; 95%CI: 0.93–0.95, p < 0.001] but not PCOS diagnosis [OR: 1.38; 95%CI: 0.97, 1.95, p = 0.076] increased the odds of an eating disorder. Clinicians are recommended to screen all women with PCOS for possible disordered eating behaviours, with particular attention to women with elevated BMI.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Eating Disorders Among College Students: A Comparison of Military and Civilian Students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E Falvey ◽  
Samantha L Hahn ◽  
Olivia S Anderson ◽  
Sarah K Lipson ◽  
Kendrin R Sonneville
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Military

ABSTRACT Introduction Eating disorders are often under-detected, which poses a serious threat to the health of individuals with eating disorder symptoms. There is evidence to suggest that the military represents a subpopulation that may be susceptible to high prevalence of eating disorders and vulnerable to their underdiagnosis. Underreporting of eating disorder symptoms in the military could lead to this underdiagnosis of individuals with eating disorder symptoms. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between military affiliation and eating disorder symptoms among college students and the likelihood of eating disorder diagnosis among those with eating disorder symptoms using a large, diverse college-aged sample of both military-involved and civilian students. Materials and Methods Participants for this study were from the 2015-2016, 2016-2017, and 2017-2018 Healthy Minds Study (HMS). Healthy Minds Study is a large, cross-sectional cohort study of both undergraduate and graduate students from universities and colleges across the United States and Canada. The Healthy Minds Study survey questions include assessment of demographic information, military status, self-reported eating disorder symptoms using the SCOFF questionnaire, and self-reported eating disorder diagnosis. Univariate analysis, chi-square analysis, and logistic regression with an unadjusted and covariate adjusted model were used to examine the association between eating disorder symptoms and military affiliation. These analyses were also used to examine the association between eating disorder diagnosis among those with eating disorder symptoms and military affiliation. All analyses were conducted using SPSS. Results The prevalence of eating disorder symptoms was high among both the civilian (20.4%) and military-involved (14.4%) students. Among females, there was a significantly higher (P value = .041) prevalence of eating disorder symptoms among civilian college students (24.7%) compared to military-involved students (21.3%). Among those with eating disorder symptoms, the prevalence of diagnosis was low in both military and civilian students. Specifically, the prevalence of diagnosis was significantly lower (P value = .032) among military-involved college students (10.8%) compared to civilian college students (16.4%). Differences in sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., gender, race/ethnicity, and age) among military-involved and civilian college students appear to explain this association. Conclusions The underdiagnosis of eating disorders is far too common, and this represents a threat to the health of military and civilian populations alike. Underdiagnosis of eating disorders within military environments may be due to underreporting, particularly among men and racial/ethnic minority groups.

scholarly journals Stigmatising views towards individuals with eating disorders: trends and associations from 1998 to 2008 using a repeated cross-sectional design

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jennifer Guy ◽  
Helen Bould ◽  
Glyn Lewis ◽  
Francesca Solmi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Over Time

Background Eating disorders are stigmatised. Little is known about whether stigma has decreased over time and which groups hold more stigmatising beliefs. Aims To explore whether stigma towards eating disorders has changed between 1998 and 2008 and whether it varies by sociodemographic characteristics. Method We used the Office for National Statistics Omnibus surveys 1998 and 2008. As outcomes, we selected four questions eliciting participants’ views on issues of blame and ability to recover, and compared their mean scores across eating disorders, depression and alcohol dependence in both years. We used multivariable linear regressions to investigate associations between sociodemographic characteristics and each stigma domain. Results In total, 2720 participants had data on all variables of interest. Compared with 1998, in 2008 stigmatising views towards eating disorders improved. In both years, participants believed it was easier to recover from eating disorders than depression or alcohol dependence. Respondents believed people with eating disorders were more to blame for their condition than those with depression, but less than those with alcohol dependence. Men, those with less formal education, and those from ethnic minority backgrounds were more likely to place greater blame on individuals for their mental illness. Men were more likely than women to think it was possible to recover from an eating disorder. Conclusions Stigmatising attitudes towards people with eating disorders have improved over time, but are still greater than those observed for other mental illnesses. Improving eating disorder mental health literacy could help to reduce these negative views and lead to improved quality of life, greater help-seeking and better prognosis.

scholarly journals Nutritional status and eating disorders among medical students from the Cluj-Napoca University centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 414-421
Author(s):  
Maria Irina Brumboiu ◽  
Irina Cazacu ◽  
Gautier Zunquin ◽  
Flavia Manole ◽  
Cristina Ionela Mogosan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University

Background and aims. The nutritional disorders are modifiable predisposing factors of the current leading causes of morbidity and premature mortality, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancers. An early recognition of appropriate interventions could decrease the burden of medical costs and increase the healthy life expectancy. The aims of our study were the description of nutritional status, its associated factors, and the detection of eating disorders among Romanian medical students of the “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the 2015-2016 academic year, including medical students from all study years, by an online questionnaire. The statistics, both descriptive and inferential, were calculated using EpiInfo.Results. A total of 222 students from the University Romanian section were included, with a sex-ratio (men:women) of 0.22. The average body mass index of the medical students included was 21.3±3.3 kg/m2, for females it was 20.7±3 kg/m2 and for males 23.9±3.1 kg/m2. For the nutritional disorders such as overweight, the prevalence among males (30%) had a net predominance (p<0.001) over females (4.4%), while for underweight, it was prevalent only for female students (20.3%). Overweight was associated with low academic performance (odds ratio (OR)=7.2; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1-53.94), smoking (OR=2.4; 95% CI: 1-5.76) and binge drinking (OR=3; 95% CI: 1.26-7.25). Eating disorders were reported by 25.7% of the students and were significantly more prevalent in students in the second academic study cycle (47.4%; 95% CI: 34.7-60.3%) and in students with jobs (7%; 95% CI: 2.3-16.1%).Conclusions. In this survey, two different distribution models of nutritional disorders for both genders were identified, with the predominance of overweight among men. Eating disorders were more prevalent among students in the second study cycle and those with jobs at the same time.

scholarly journals One Hundred Children and Adolescents Consulting General Practice With Musculoskeletal Pain.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negar Pourbordbari ◽  
Martin Bach Jensen ◽  
Jens Lykkegaard Olesen ◽  
Sinead Holden ◽  
Michael Skovdal Rathleff
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Seeking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sport Activities

Abstract BackgroundEach year, 8% of all child and adolescent consultations in general practice are due to musculoskeletal conditions, with pain as the most frequent symptom. Despite the commonality of musculoskeletal pain, limited knowledge exists about care-seeking children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain. The purpose of this study was to describe characteristics of children and adolescents consulting their general practitioner with musculoskeletal pain.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study based on the baseline data from the child and adolescent musculoskeletal (ChiBPS) pain cohort study, carried out in 17 Danish general practice clinics. Patients aged 8-19 years with musculoskeletal pain complaints when consulting their GP completed a questionnaire on demographics, physical activity, pain impact, psychosocial factors, and expectations of their general practitioner. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize data. Normally distributed continuous data are described using mean and standard deviations while non-normally data are described using median and interquartile range. ResultsWe included 100 participants (54% female, median age 13 [12-16] years). The most frequent activity limiting pain regions were knee (56%), back (20%), ankle (19%), and neck (13%). The majority (63%) consulted their general practitioner because they were not able to use their body as usual due to pain. At time of consultation the median pain duration was 5 months [3 weeks-1 year]. Above a third were often or sometimes nervous (34%), worried or anxious (33%), and took pain medication when in pain (33%). Pain made it difficult to participate in sport activities at school (79%) and disturbed spare time activities (88%). Pain made it difficult to concentrate (58%) and to fall asleep (38%) and only 38% expected a pain free long-term future.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the bio-psycho-social impact of musculoskeletal pain in care-seeking children and adolescents. Demographics, pain characteristics, psychosocial characteristics, and physical characteristics should be included in addressing children and adolescents with musculoskeletal pain.Trial registrationThe ChiBPS study where the participants in this study are from, was pre-registered before recruitment (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03678922) date: 09.20.18.

scholarly journals Relationship between Risk Behavior for Eating Disorders and Dental Caries and Dental Erosion

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenna Mendes Temóteo Brandt ◽  
Liege Helena Freitas Fernandes ◽  
Amanda Silva Aragão ◽  
Yêska Paola Costa Aguiar ◽  
Sheyla Márcia Auad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Dental Erosion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Severity

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is an association between risk behavior for eating disorders (EDs) and dental erosion and caries. A controlled cross-sectional study was conducted in Brazil, involving 850 randomly selected female adolescents. After evaluating risk behavior for eating disorders through the Bulimic Investigatory Test of Edinburgh, 12 adolescents were identified with severe risk behavior for EDs and matched to 48 adolescents without such risk. Dental examinations, anthropometric measurements, and eating habits and oral hygiene were performed. Adolescents with high severity eating disorder condition were not more likely to show dental caries (p=0.329; OR = 2.2, 95% CI: 0.35–13.72) or dental erosion (p=0.590; OR = 2.33; 95% CI: 0.56–9.70). Adolescents with high body mass index (BMI) were five times more likely to have high severity eating disorder condition (p=0.031; OR = 5.1; 95% CI: 1.61–23.07). Therefore, high severity risk behavior for EDs was not significantly associated with dental caries and dental erosion. However, high BMI was a risk factor for developing eating disorders and should be an alert for individuals with this condition.

Healthcare seeking behaviour of students living on their own compared to those living in the parental home: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel N. Hof ◽  
Ilyes Messoussi ◽  
Michiel T.U. Schuijt ◽  
Moniek C.M. de Goeij ◽  
Anton E. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parental Home ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Seeking ◽  
Second Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Primary Healthcare Providers

Abstract Objective This study aimed to investigate differences in healthcare seeking behaviour and barriers between students living in the parental home and those living on their own. Participants Five hundred and six second year students of the University of Amsterdam (UvA), interviewed in March and April 2015. Methods In a paper-and-pencil survey, questions were asked about the students’ healthcare seeking behaviour and barriers. Differences according to residency were analysed with χ2-tests and regression models. Results The frequency of healthcare seeking behaviour varied according to residency, but none of the differences were statistically significant. Yet, a proportion of students living on their own visited primary healthcare providers less often after they changed residency (23.7% for general practitioner and 41.8% for dentist). Travel distance and lack of time were most often mentioned as barriers to students living on their own. Conclusion The barriers implicate the importance of encouraging students living on their own to switch to a new general practitioner or dentist.

scholarly journals Eating disorders among Jordanian adolescents with and without dysglycaemia: a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1502-1509
Author(s):  
Huda Al Hourani ◽  
Rana Ababneh ◽  
Nahla Khawaja ◽  
Yousef Khader ◽  
Kamel Ajlouni
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Bulimia Nervosa ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Binge Eating Disorders ◽  
Study Results

Background: Studies on eating disorders among Jordanian adolescents have reported variable prevalence rates of 12–40%. Aims: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of eating disorders among Jordanian adolescents with and without dysglycaemia and determine the associated factors. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted during the period November 2017–February 2018. The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale was used to assess the presence of different types of eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. A typical anorexia nervosa and purging disorder were considered “other eating disorders” in this study. Results: This study included 497 patients with dysglycaemia and 504 age-matched nondysglycaemic participants. Patients with dysglycaemia had a significantly higher prevalence of binge eating disorders compared with nondysglycaemic participants (11.9% vs 5.8%, P < 0.001). In dysglycaemia group, adolescents who were aged ≥ 14 years were more likely to have bulimia nervosa compared with those < 14 years old. Patients with a sedentary lifestyle were less likely to have bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorders. In the nondysglycaemic group, those aged 14–18 years were more likely to have other eating disorders. Those with dysglycaemia were more likely to have binge eating disorders than those in the nondysglycaemic group (OR = 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3–3.3; P = 0.002) after adjusting for possible confounders. Conclusions: Adolescents with dysglycaemia had higher prevalence of eating disorders compared with their nondysglycaemic peers. Screening for eating disorders is recommended among adolescents to secure early detection and subsequent intervention.

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