scholarly journals Changes in Lipoinflammation Markers in People with Obesity after a Concurrent Training Program: A Comparison between Men and Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6168
Author(s):  
José Antonio González-Jurado ◽  
Walter Suárez-Carmona ◽  
Sergio López ◽  
Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Entire Sample ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Obesity is related to low-grade systemic inflammation. This state of inflammation is characterized by the alteration in adipokine regulation, which may lead to a situation of cardiometabolic risk. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a concurrent training program on markers of lipoinflammation in adult people with obesity, comparing the response to the training between men and women. A quasi-experimental, quantitative, and longitudinal study with a pre–post intervention was conducted. An 8-week concurrent training program was carried out, in which 26 individuals with obesity participated (mean ± SD; age = 46.38 ± 4.66) (BMI = 36.05 ± 4.99) (12 men and 14 women). Before and after the intervention period, blood samples were taken by percutaneous puncture. The blood levels of adiponectin and leptin were evaluated. Significant differences were obtained in the adiponectin–leptin ratio (A/L ratio) of the entire sample (p = 0.009, ES = 0.53), which indicates a decrease in the risk of cardiovascular diseases and lipoinflammation. There were no significant differences in the improvements observed after the training in A/L ratio between women (A/L change = +63.5%) and men (A/L change= +59.2%). It can be concluded that the combination of aerobic exercise and resistance training induced an improvement in markers of lipoinflammation and cardiometabolic risk in the individuals with obesity evaluated in this study.

scholarly journals Promotion of Early and Exclusive Breastfeeding in Neonatal Care Units in Rural Rwanda: a Quasi-experimental Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saidath Gato ◽  
Francois Biziyaremye ◽  
Catherine M. Kirk ◽  
Chiquita Palha De Sousa ◽  
Alain Mukuralinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Child Survival ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Evidenced Based ◽  
Additional Support

Abstract Background: Early initiation of breastfeeding after birth and ongoing exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months improves child survival, nutrition and health outcomes. However, only 42% of newborns worldwide are breastfed within the first hour of life. Small and sick newborns are at greater risk of not receiving breastmilk and often require additional support for feeding. This study compares breastfeeding practices in Rwandan neonatal care units (NCUs) before and after the implementation of a package of interventions aimed to improve breastfeeding, aligned with the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative for small and sick newborns.Methods: A pre-post quasi experimental study was conducted at two District hospital NCUs in rural Rwanda from October 2017–December 2017 (pre-intervention) and September 2018–March 2019 (post-intervention). Only newborns admitted before their second day of life (DOL) were included. Data was extracted from patient charts for clinical and demographic characteristics, feeding throughout admission, and patient outcomes. Bivariate analyses were conducted using Fisher’s exact and Wilcoxon rank sum tests. Logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with exclusive breastfeeding at discharge following a backwards stepwise procedure.Results: Pre-intervention, 255 newborns were admitted in the NCUs and 793 were admitted in the post-intervention period. The percentage of infants who were exclusively breastfed on their day of birth, or day-of-life zero (DOL0) increased from 5.4% to 35.9% (p<0.001). For newborns discharged alive, the proportion exclusively breastfeeding increased from 69.6% to 87.0% (p<0.001). The mortality rate for all admitted newborns decreased from 16.1% to 10.5% (p<0.019). Factors associated with greater odds of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge included post-intervention time point (Odds Ratio (OR): 4.91, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.99-12.11, p<0.001), and admission for infection (OR 2.99, 95%CI 1.13-7.93, p=0.027). Home deliveries (OR 0.15, 95%CI 0.05-0.47, p=0.001), preterm delivery (OR 0.36, 95%CI 0.15-0.87, p=0.0260 and delayed first breastmilk feed (OR=0.04 for DOL3 vs. DOL0, 95%CI 0.01, 0.35, p=0.004) reduced odds of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge. Conclusion: Expansion and adoption of evidenced-based guidelines, using innovative approaches, aimed at the unique needs of small and sick newborns should be expanded and adapted in similar settings to improve outcomes for these infants.

Do Flexible Silicone Tubes Immersed in Water Combined With Vocalise Improve the Immediate Effect on Voice?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Nathália Suellen Valeriano Cardoso ◽  
Jonia Alves Lucena ◽  
Zulina Souza de Lira ◽  
Silvio José de Vasconcelos ◽  
Leonardo Wanderley Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Silicone Tube ◽  
Maximum Phonation Time ◽  
Range Profile ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Vocal Effort ◽  
Cepstral Peak Prominence ◽  
Voice Range

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the immediate effect on a singer's voice of a flexible silicone tube immersed in water combined with ascending and descending vocalise scales compared with ascending and descending vocalise scales alone. Method: A pre- and post-intervention quasi-experimental study was conducted. Thirty adult singers between 18 and 45 years old with no laryngeal disorders performed the two techniques for 3 min each on different days. Acoustic measurements of frequency, jitter, shimmer, glottal-to-noise excitation ratio, noise, smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS), maximum phonation time (MPT), voice range profile, and self-perceived vocal effort (Borg Category Ratio 10-BR Scale adapted for vocal effort) were assessed before and after performing the techniques. Results: The results indicated an increase in singers' CPPS and MPT values and a decrease in shimmer and noise when performing with a flexible silicone tube immersed in water combined with vocalise. The singers reported a perception of decreased vocal effort after both methods. However, the diminished perceived vocal effort became more pronounced with the tube phonation technique combined with vocalise. Conclusions: Phonation in tubes combined with vocalise improved the vocal acoustic parameters (including cepstral measurements), increased MPT, and diminished perceived vocal effort. Although using vocalise alone diminished perceived vocal effort, this decrease was more pronounced in the tube phonation technique combined with vocalise.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of a Structural Theory- based Training Program in Enhancing Arabic Language Teachers’ Teaching Practices and their Tendencies towards Structural Teaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
Maryam Hasan Al Balushi ◽  
Rayya Salim Al Manthari ◽  
Ali Mahdi Kazem
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Structural Theory ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The study aims to identify the effectiveness of a structural theory-based training program in enhancing the teaching practices of Arabic language teachers teaching grade ten in South Al Batinah in Sultanate of Oman. The study used the quasi-experimental design, and the sample consisted of 40 male and female teachers. To achieve the objectives of the study, a training program, an observation form and a measurement tool of teachers’ tendencies towards a structural teaching were made. The program was implemented with an experimental group of 20 female and male teachers in the first semester of the academic year 2018/2019. The study has found that there is a statistically significant difference between the average grades before and after implementing the program, with higher grades achieved after implementation. There has also been no statistically significant difference between the average grades in the post implementation phase due to the social variable. The researcher recommended organizing training courses for Arabic language teachers to expand their knowledge of educational theories and their applications in classroom teaching practices, and benefiting from the structural teaching observation form in educational supervision.

scholarly journals Effects of concurrent training with self-selected intensity on the physical fitness of hypertensive individuals.

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 35739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silas Nery de Oliveira ◽  
Antônio Renato Pereira Moro ◽  
Wagner Jorge Ribeiro Domingues ◽  
Ewerrton De Souza Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Elastic Tube ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Bonferroni Test

The objective of this study was to verify the influence of a concurrent exercise program with self-selected intensities, and order of exercise execution, on the cardiovascular indicators and functionality of medicated hypertensive patients. Seventeen individuals were allocated to one of two concurrent training groups: aerobic-resistance (7 men) and resistance-aerobic (3 men; 7 women). Each group underwent cardiovascular (heart rate, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure) and functional (Six minute walking test - 6MWT, Timed Up & Go test - TUG, flexibility and hand grip strength) evaluations pre and post training. The training occurred over 9 weeks. Resistance exercises were performed with an elastic tube and participants’ body weight; self-selected intensity was supported by the OMNI-RES scale. The aerobic exercise was performed using a cycle ergometer with intensity measured by the Borg scale. A two-way ANOVA for repeated measures was used for comparisons between training programs, followed post hoc by the Bonferroni test, adopting p < 0.05. There were no significant changes in the cardiovascular and functional capacity indicators from pre- to post-intervention, and there were no significant interactions based on the order of the training program. The results suggest that a concurrent training program with self-selected intensity, regardless of order of training, may promote similar changes in cardiovascular and functional health indicators in individuals with controlled hypertension.

scholarly journals Effects of Motor-Games-Based Concurrent Training Program on Body Composition Indicators of Chilean Adults with Down Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5737
Author(s):  
Claudio Farías-Valenzuela ◽  
Cristian Cofré-Bolados ◽  
Gerson Ferrari ◽  
Sebastián Espoz-Lazo ◽  
Giovanny Arenas-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
The Body ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Muscle Area

Background: Concurrent training of strength and endurance has been widely ued in the field of health, with favorable effects on body composition. However, the effect on the body composition of a ludic-motor concurrent proposal in adults with Down syndrome has not been quantified yet. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a concurrent training program based on motor games on body composition indicators and cardiometabolic risk on schooled male adults with Down syndrome. Methods: The sample is composed of 15 male adults with Down syndrome from Chile. Body composition variables such as body mass index, waist circumference, height to waist ratio, skin folds, perimeters, and muscle areas were assessed at the beginning and end of the program. Subsequently, a program of motor games was designed and implemented for 10 months. Results: Mean and standard deviation for body fat were pre (25.36 ± 5.60) and post (23.01 ± 6.20)%; waist circumference pre (86.00 ± 8.97) and post (82.07 ± 8.38) cm. Brachial perimeter and muscle area were pre (22.30 ± 2.80) and post (23.61 ± 2.28) cm; pre (40.19 ± 10.09) and post (44.77 ± 8.48) cm2, respectively. Our findings showed significant results (p < 0.05): body fat %; sum of folds; waist circumference; height to waist ratio; brachial perimeter and brachial muscle area. Conclusion: A concurrent training program implemented through motor skills games decreases body fat and cardiovascular risk and increases the muscle mass in male adults with Down syndrome.

scholarly journals A low-cost intervention to promote immediate skin-to-skin contact and improve temperature regulation in Northern Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Nissen ◽  
Kristin Svensson ◽  
Scovia Mbalinda ◽  
Kajsa Brimdyr ◽  
Peter Waiswa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Skin To Skin ◽  
Post Intervention Group

Background Uninterrupted skin-to-skin contact between mothers and newborns during the first hour after birth has been reported to be 2% in Uganda. Aims To investigate if a low-cost intervention targeting the behaviors of hospital staff would increase skin-to-skin contact and to investigate whether skin-to-skin contact stabilised temperature in the newborn. Methods The study had a quasi-experimental, before and after design. The sample included 110 in the pre-intervention group, and 93 in the post-intervention group. Data collection included observations of skin-to-skin contact and temperature measurements. Data were also collected from medical records and interviews. Findings No infants had skin-to-skin contact before the intervention, whereas the proportion was 54.8% after the intervention. Infants who received skin-to-skin contact (n=51) and infants who did not receive skin-to-skin contact (n=146) increased in temperature; however, infants who received skin-to-skin contact were significantly warmer after 5 minutes and remained so at 60 minutes. Conclusions The intervention increased the practice of skin-to-skin contact, which was found to be safe in regard to temperature stabilisation.

scholarly journals Placement of Outdoor Exercise Equipment and Physical Activity: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Two Parks in Southern California

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2605
Author(s):  
Mojgan Sami ◽  
Megan Smith ◽  
Oladele A. Ogunseitan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Orange County ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Exercise Equipment

To reduce the burden of chronic disease, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded the Orange County Partnerships to Improve Health (OC-PICH) project in Orange County, California. One of the strategies included adding outdoor exercise equipment (OEE) in two parks in Garden Grove and Anaheim. Using a quasi-experimental pre-post design, we evaluated park users’ physical activity levels before and after OEE installation using the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC). The OEE was installed along a walking path in Edison Park (Anaheim) and grouped within a single area (a “fitness zone”) in Garden Grove Park. In both parks, there were significantly greater odds of high-intensity physical activity overall after the installation—19% higher odds in Anaheim, and 23% higher odds in Garden Grove. However, the fitness zone area in Garden Grove had substantially higher odds of increased physical activity post-intervention (OR = 5.29, CI: 3.76–7.44, p < 0.001). While the increases in physical activity levels are consistent with past studies that link OEE to higher levels of physical activity among park users, our findings also suggest that the location and placement of equipment within a park may be an important factor to consider when improving park amenities for physical activity.

scholarly journals Teaching Cardiac Arrhythmias Using Educational Videos and Simulator Software in Nurses: An Educational Interventional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Tavan ◽  
Siros Norouzi ◽  
Masoumeh Shohani
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
P Value ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Educational Videos

Background: Cardiac arrhythmias are among the most prominent causes of mortality in patients with heart diseases. By timely diagnosis of arrhythmias, nurses can provide necessary therapeutic measures to these patients. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of teaching cardiac arrhythmias using educational videos and simulator software in nurses. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 22 novice nurses were selected based on the census method. Evaluations were performed before and after educational interventions for cardiac arrhythmia. The interventions included using simulator software and face-to-face education. A questionnaire with 20 questions regarding cardiac arrhythmias organized in 4 parts of sinus arrhythmias, atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, and blocks and junctional rhythm, and each with 5 questions was used to collect data. Each question was scored 1 point, and the final score ranged from 0 to 20. The scores were categorized into poor (< 10), moderate (11 - 15), and good (16 - 20) levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS V.20 software. Results: There was a significant difference in the mean of total score regarding the diagnosis of arrhythmias before (9.9) and after (15.68) the education (P value = 0.022). This indicated an increase of about 6 scores at post-intervention. The classification of the scores showed that 9 (40.9%) and 13 (59.1%) nurses had poor and moderate diagnostic abilities before training. However, following education, 10 nurses (50%) acquired moderate and 10 (50%) nurses obtained good scores. Conclusions: Arrhythmia scores varied before and after training, with the mean scores after training increased, and arrhythmia detection rate was increased after the intervention. It is advisable to use modern educational methods as good alternatives for reviewing educational content and concepts.

scholarly journals Effect of an Interactive Training on Choosing Delivery Method among Primiparous Pregnant Women: An Interventional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahid Zarifsanaiey ◽  
Alireza Bagheri ◽  
Faezeh Jahanpour ◽  
Samaneh Nematollahi ◽  
Parviz Azodi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Delivery Method ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Delivery Methods ◽  
Interactive Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Objective. To evaluate the effect of interactive training conducted during pregnancy on choosing delivery method among primiparous women. Methods. Quasi-experimental study carried out in 2017 in two hospitals in the city of Bushehr (Iran), with the participation of 108 primiparous pregnant women in an educational program consisting of eight 2-hour sessions every two weeks in which interactive training activities were performed (group discussions, classroom sessions, and delivery of printed educational material) on themes related with physiological delivery, painless vaginal delivery methods, and complications of cesarean delivery without indication, among others. Before and after the intervention, the Knowledge and Preferred Method of Delivery Questionnaire by Moradabadi et al., was used to obtain information. Results. The results indicated that the level of knowledge in the group of mothers increased significantly between the pre-intervention and post-intervention assessment (13.2 versus 19.4, of 20 possible maximum points; p <0.001). Additionally, significant difference was observed in the selection of the vaginal delivery method before and after the intervention (74.1% versus 98.1%; p<0.001). Conclusion. Implementation of interactive training increased knowledge of pregnant women on the delivery and induced a positive effect to encourage the primiparous mothers to have a vaginal delivery.How to cite this article: Zarifsanaiey N, Bagheri A, Jahanpour F, Nematollahi S, Azodi P. Effect of an Interactive Training on Choosing Delivery Method among Primiparous Pregnant Women: An Interventional Study. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2020; 38(1):e04.

scholarly journals Analysis of Early Childhood Stimulation Training Program through the Detection of Child Growth and Development Activities on the Ability of School Cadres

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Dewi Modjo ◽  
Andi Akifa Sudirman
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Childhood Growth ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
To Receive

Stimulation is an activity to stimulate the basic abilities of children aged 0-6 years so that the child grows and develops optimally. Every child needs to receive regular stimulation as early as possible and continuously at every opportunity. This study aims to determine the analysis of the Stimulation Training Program for children through the Detection of Child's growth and development on the ability of school cadres to stimulate early childhood growth and development. This research method is a quantitative study using a quasi-experimental design. The type of sampling is two-stage random sampling. The sample of this research is school cadres of Early Childhood Education (PAUD) consisting of 16 Schools for Playgroups (KB), 32 Schools of Right-Kindergarten (TK), and 2 Schools of Child Care (TPA) in the Limboto Health Center Work Area. The results showed that there was a significant and significant effect of development detection training on the ability of school cadres to simulate child growth. The ability of school cadres to stimulate children's growth and development has increased knowledge before and after training. There is a significant and significant effect of developmental detection training on the ability of school cadres to stimulate child development. It is necessary to empower cadres evenly and periodically by related parties (the Health Office and Pusekesmas) in order to improve the growth and development screening skills carried out by school cadres. It is also hoped that this will improve the child's health status so that the child can grow and develop properly.

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