scholarly journals Impact of Physical Activity on Challenging Obesity in Pakistan: A Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7802
Author(s):  
Rizwan Ahmed Laar ◽  
Shusheng Shi ◽  
Muhammad Azeem Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Naeem Khan ◽  
Jannat Bibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
University Employees ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Physical activity (PA) refers to any action produced by skeletal muscle that consumes energy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), PA is the primary element that can improve health at the community level. Obviously, PA plays an important role in the social, physical, and mental development of men and women, as well as in balancing weight. However, the large-scale negative impacts of physical inactivity on health-related issues are also recognized globally, such as obesity, which is the source of many non-communication diseases (NCDs). In Pakistan alone, 46% of deaths occur due to NCD. The majority of NCD deaths are linked to obesity, and Pakistan is the ninth most obese country in the world. Research on obesity caused by sedentary work in Pakistan is lacking, especially among university employees. To fill this gap, the current study mainly focuses on the rising non-communicable disease (NCD) rates among university employees in Pakistan due to a lack of exercise (obesity, in this case), with the help of a self-designed knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire. Five universities in the Sindh province of Pakistan were surveyed (n = 276), following the concept of Yin–Yang as a theoretical lens. The results of the current study show that the knowledge, behaviors, and attitudes of university employees have a great influence on their body mass index (BMI). The study shows that Pakistani residents’ (especially teaching staff) perceptions and attitudes towards obesity and PA have been instructive, but their practices need to be improved.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and practice of tobacco consumption among male college students of a rural area of Pune, Maharashtra

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepika N. Sakore ◽  
Malangori A. Parande ◽  
Vinay S. Tapare ◽  
Susmita Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
The World ◽  
Male College ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽  
Male College Students

Background: Use of tobacco is 2nd major cause of death in the world. The use of tobacco will be responsible for 10 million deaths per year by 2020-2030, mainly in China and India. India rank 4th in total tobacco consumption in the world. The prevention of tobacco use in young Indians appears as the single greatest opportunity for preventing non-communicable disease. The objective was to study knowledge, attitude and practice of tobacco consumption among male college students of rural area of PuneMethods: Present cross-sectional study conducted among male college students of rural field practice area of a medical college during September to October 2015. The students were interviewed with prestructured questionnaire and investigator had explained all the details. The data was tabulated and analyzed using MS excel and SPSS.Results: Total 207 male college students with mean age 18.6±1.2 years were enrolled. 162 (78.3%) students have good knowledge of tobacco consumption effects whereas 191 (92.3%) have favorable attitude towards tobacco consumption. Among study subjects, 26 (12.6%) were consuming tobacco in one and or the other form. Out of these, 15 (57.7%) were smokers. Mean age of initiation of tobacco consumption was 16.9±1.9 years. The knowledge (p=0.034) and attitude (p=0.007) were significantly associated with education of students. The gap between knowledge and practice was also significant (p=0.01).Conclusions: The study suggests though the knowledge of students toward tobacco consumption is adequate, tobacco consumption habit is higher in students. This gap can be reduced by proper counseling of the students.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Coronavirus Disease-19: Population-Based Study in Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Hasanain Fisal Ghazi ◽  
Taqi Mohammed Jwad Taher ◽  
Mohammed A. AbdalQader ◽  
Rana Hussein Raheema ◽  
Mohammed Faez Baobaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

INTRODUCTION: In March 2020, the world health organization declared Coronavirus Disease (COVID)-19 a pandemic global communicable disease, there is neither a vaccine nor a treatment for this virus. The aim of the current study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of Iraqi population toward COVID-19. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 272 respondents from different states of Iraq using online administered questionnaires. The questions were adopted from the previous study and consist of three parts mainly socio-demographic, KAP. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents had good knowledge regarding COVID-19 (95.2%). A total of 97.8% of the respondents knew that COVID-19 caused by a virus. Regarding incubation period, 75% of them answer correctly that it is 2–15 days. Higher percept (39%) and 37.9% of participant people considered the disease as a very dangerous and seriously dangerous disease, respectively. The majority (85.3%) of the sample thought that no vaccination available for the disease. More than two-thirds of the sample (76.5%) were wearing face mask sometimes while only 19.5% wearing it all the time. The majority (265) out of 272 was ready to stay home if it required to prevent the spread of the disease. There was a significant association between gender, living state, and COVID-19 knowledge (p = 0.009, <0.0001), respectively. CONCLUSION: The overall knowledge, practice of respondents was good regarding COVID-19. People need to stay at home to prevent the infection and reduce the number of cases.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Patterns in India Stratified by Zones, Age, Region, BMI and Implications for COVID-19: A Nationwide Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 097275312199850
Author(s):  
Vivek Podder ◽  
Raghuram Nagarathna ◽  
Akshay Anand ◽  
Patil S. Suchitra ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
World Health ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Home Work ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Physically Inactive ◽  
At Home

Rationale: India has a high prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), which can be lowered by regular physical activity. To understand this association, recent population data is required which is representative of all the states and union territories of the country. Objective: We aimed to investigate the patterns of physical activity in India, stratified by zones, body mass index (BMI), urban, rural areas, and gender. Method: We present the analysis of physical activity status from the data collected during the phase 1 of a pan-India study. This ( Niyantrita Madhumeha Bharata 2017) was a multicenter pan-India cluster sampled trial with dual objectives. A survey to identify all individuals at a high risk for diabetes, using a validated instrument called the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS), was followed by a two-armed randomized yoga-based lifestyle intervention for the primary prevention of diabetes. The physical activity was scored as per IDRS (vigorous exercise or strenuous at work = 0, moderate exercise at home/work = 10, mild exercise at home/work = 20, no exercise = 30). This was done in a selected cluster using a mobile application. A weighted prevalence was calculated based on the nonresponse rate and design weight. Results: We analyzed the data from 2,33,805 individuals; the mean age was 41.4 years (SD 13.4). Of these, 50.6% were females and 49.4% were males; 45.8% were from rural areas and 54% from urban areas. The BMI was 24.7 ± 4.6 kg/m 2 . Briefly, 20% were physically inactive and 57% of the people were either inactive or mildly active. 21.2% of females were found physically inactive, whereas 19.2% of males were inactive. Individuals living in urban localities were proportionately more inactive (21.7% vs. 18.8%) or mildly active (38.9% vs. 34.8%) than the rural people. Individuals from the central (29.6%) and south zones (28.6%) of the country were also relatively inactive, in contrast to those from the northwest zone (14.2%). The known diabetics were found to be physically inactive (28.3% vs. 19.8%) when compared with those unaware of their diabetic status. Conclusion: 20% and 37% of the population in India are not active or mildly active, respectively, and thus 57% of the surveyed population do not meet the physical activity regimen recommended by the World Health Organization. This puts a large Indian population at risk of developing various NCDs, which are being increasingly reported to be vulnerable to COVID-19 infections. India needs to adopt the four strategic objectives recommended by the World Health Organization for reducing the prevalence of physical inactivity.

scholarly journals Understanding Leisure Centre-Based Physical Activity after Physical Activity Referral: Evidence from Scheme Participants and Completers in Northumberland UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2957
Author(s):  
Jordan Bell ◽  
Lis Neubeck ◽  
Kai Jin ◽  
Paul Kelly ◽  
Coral L. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Administrative Data ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Ordinal Regression ◽  
World Health ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk

Physical activity referral schemes (PARS) are a popular physical activity (PA) intervention in the UK. Little is known about the type, intensity and duration of PA undertaken during and post PARS. We calculated weekly leisure centre-based moderate/vigorous PA for PARS participants (n = 448) and PARS completers (n = 746) in Northumberland, UK, between March 2019–February 2020 using administrative data. We categorised activity levels (<30 min/week, 30–149 min/week and ≥150 min/week) and used ordinal regression to examine predictors for activity category achieved. PARS participants took part in a median of 57.0 min (IQR 26.0–90.0) and PARS completers a median of 68.0 min (IQR 42.0–100.0) moderate/vigorous leisure centre-based PA per week. Being a PARS completer (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.61–2.82) was a positive predictor of achieving a higher level of physical activity category compared to PARS participants. Female PARS participants were less likely (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.43–0.97) to achieve ≥30 min of moderate/vigorous LCPA per week compared to male PARS participants. PARS participants achieved 38.0% and PARS completers 45.3% of the World Health Organisation recommended ≥150 min of moderate/vigorous weekly PA through leisure centre use. Strategies integrated within PARS to promote PA outside of leisure centre-based activity may help participants achieve PA guidelines.

Prevalence of and factors associated with insufficient physical activity among adolescents: evidence from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Md Mokbul Hossain ◽  
Fahmida Akter ◽  
Abu Abdullah Mohammad Hanif ◽  
Md Showkat Ali Khan ◽  
Abu Ahmed Shamim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
World Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adolescent Girls And Boys ◽  
The World ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The World Health Organization set a target of a 15% relative reduction in the prevalence of insufficient physical activity (IPA) by 2025 among adolescents and adults globally. In Bangladesh, there are no national estimates of the prevalence of IPA among adolescents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent girls and boys. Data for 4865 adolescent girls and 4907 adolescent boys, collected as a part of a National Nutrition Surveillance in 2018–19, were analysed for this study. A modified version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) was used to collect physical activity data. The World Health Organization recommended cut-off points were used to estimate the prevalence of IPA. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with IPA. Prevalences of IPA among adolescent girls and boys were 50.3% and 29.0%, respectively, and the prevalence was significantly higher among early adolescents (10–14 years) than late adolescents (15–19 years) among both boys and girls. The IPA prevalence was highest among adolescents living in non-slum urban areas (girls: 77.7%; boys: 64.1%). For both boys and girls, younger age, non-slum urban residence, higher paternal education and increased television viewing time were significantly associated with IPA. Additionally, residing in slums was significantly associated with IPA only among the boys. Higher maternal education was associated with IPA only among the girls. This study identified several modifiable risk factors associated with IPA among adolescent boys and girls in Bangladesh. These factors should be addressed through comprehensive public health interventions to promote physical activity among adolescent girls and boys.

scholarly journals Simple and adaptable R implementation of WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk charts for all epidemiological subregions of the world

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dylan Collins ◽  
Joseph Lee ◽  
Niklas Bobrovitz ◽  
Constantinos Koshiaris ◽  
Alison Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Charts ◽  
Free Open Source

The World Health Organisation and International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment charts have been implemented in many low- and middle-income countries as part of the WHO Package of Essential Non-Communicable Disease (PEN) Interventions for Primary Health Care in Low-Resource settings. Evaluation of the WHO/ISH cardiovascular risk charts and their use is a key priority and since they only exist in paper or PDF formats, we developed a simple R implementation of the charts for all epidemiological subregions of the world. The main strengths of this implementation are that it is built in a free, open-source, coding language with simple syntax, can be modified by the user, and can be used with a standard computer.

scholarly journals Meningkatnya Risiko Disabilitas Pada Penduduk Dengan Penyakit Tidak Menular: Analisa Lanjut Riskesdas 2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isfandari Siti ◽  
Betty Roosihermiatie
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disability Assessment ◽  
Population Groups ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
The World ◽  
People With Disability ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Develop Program

Intersectoral approach is essential to develop program for people with disability in Indonesia. Coordination across ministries are necessary to manage this issue. The planning, provision and monitoring of medical and support services as well as program for population groups with disability may require assessment. Purpose of this study is to assess disability in Indonesia. Methods: performing analysis of disability data from 2013 Indonesian Household Health Survey known as Riskesdas. Level of disability obtained from two main population groups: those with and without non communicable disease (NCD). They then divided by age. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHODASII) was used to measure disability. Results: contribution of NCD on disability is obvious among older age indicated by higher proportion of disability with NCD. While risk of disability among younger age is unclear, since disability with NCDproportion is lower than disability without NCD. Probably risk of disability among younger age is other than NCD. None of the groups had members with extreme disability on their global WHO-DASII scores. The analysis identifi es target groups for each stakeholder to develop program for people with disability to reach their maximum potential. Abstrak Penanganan penduduk dengan disabilitas membutuhkan keterlibatan lintas kementerian. Diperlukan informasi besar masalah penduduk dengan disabilitas di Indonesia. Analisa bertujuan mengetahui besaran masalah. Metode: analisa deskriptif univariat dan bivariat data disabilitas Riskesdas 2013 untuk memperoleh Informasi disabilitas seluruh penduduk. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisa besaran disabilitas pada penduduk dengan dan tanpa Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM). Kelompok ini kemudian digolongkan menurut umur. Instrumen The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II (WHO-DASII) digunakan untuk mengukur disabilitas. Hasil: 18% penduduk Indonesia mengalami disabilitas. Informasi lebih rinci 8,2% mengalami kesulitan ringan, 6,8% kesulitan sedang dan 3% kesulitan berat. Kontribusi PTM terhadap disabilitas terlihat jelas pada kelompok usia 45 tahun atau lebih ditunjukkan dengan lebih tingginya proporsi disabilitas dengan PTM. Sedangkan risiko disabilitas pada kelompok usia sebelum 45 tahun bukan PTM, karena proporsidisabilitas dengan PTM lebih rendah.

Body image(s): Problematizing future physical education teachers’ beliefs about the body and physical activity through visual imagery

2021 ◽  
pp. 1356336X2110562
Author(s):  
Gustavo González-Calvo ◽  
Vanesa Gallego-Lema ◽  
Göran Gerdin ◽  
Daniel Bores-García
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Education Teachers ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Teachers Beliefs ◽  
The World

Visual culture affects the way people understand the world and themselves, contributing to the creation of certain roles and stereotypes, some of which are related to body image. This study focused on interrogating future physical education teachers’ beliefs about the body and physical activity to understand the construction of bodily subjectivities and their perceptions of how these are influenced by visual (physical) culture. Data were collected through the use of visual methods consisting of photo-elicitation and individual interviews with 23 students from a Primary Education Degree with a specialization in physical education at a Spanish university. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The results of the study show that these future physical education teachers are aware of both the great influence of gender stereotypes and the values of consumerism in the field of physical activity stemming largely from the media, which inevitably will shape their future professional practice. However, the results also highlight how these future physical education teachers consider and position the subject of physical education as an important space where they could help students problematize and challenge these beliefs. We suggest that a focus on visual (physical) literacy is needed for future physical education teachers (and their students) to understand the world from a socially critical perspective and transform it in the interest of equity and social justice.

scholarly journals The active living gender’s gap challenge: 2013–2017 Eurobarometers physical inactivity data show constant higher prevalence in women with no progress towards global reduction goals

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Mayo ◽  
G. Liguori ◽  
E. Iglesias-Soler ◽  
R. J. Copeland ◽  
I. Clavel San Emeterio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
World Health ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Global Reduction ◽  
Activity Questionnaire ◽  
The Eu

Abstract Background The World Health Organization (WHO) considers physical inactivity (PIA) as a critical noncommunicable factor for disease and mortality, affecting more women than men. In 2013, the WHO set a 10% reduction of the PIA prevalence, with the goal to be reached by 2025. Changes in the 2013–2017 period of physical inactivity prevalence in the 28 European Union (EU) countries were evaluated to track the progress in achieving WHO 2025 target. Methods In 2013 and 2017 EU Special Eurobarometers, the physical activity levels reported by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire of 53,607 adults were analyzed. Data were considered as a whole sample and country-by-country. A χ2 test was used to analyze the physical inactivity prevalence (%) between countries, analyzing women and men together and separately. Additionally, PIA prevalence was analyzed between years (2013–2017) for the overall EU sample and within-country using a Z-Score for two population proportions. Results The PIA prevalence increased between 2013 and 2017 for the overall EU sample (p <  0.001), and for women (p = 0.04) and men (p < 0.001) separately. Data showed a higher PIA prevalence in women versus men during both years (p <  0.001). When separately considering changes in PIA by gender, only Belgium’s women and Luxembourg’s men showed a reduction in PIA prevalence. Increases in PIA prevalence over time were observed in women from Austria, Croatia, Germany, Lithuania, Malta, Portugal, Romania, and Slovakia and in men from Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Germany, Italy, Lithuania, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, and Spain. Conclusions PIA prevalence showed an overall increase across the EU and for both women and men between 2013 and 2017, with higher rates of PIA reported for women versus men during both years. PIA prevalence was reduced in only Belgium’s women and Luxembourg’s men. Our data indicate a limited gender-sensible approach while tacking PIA prevalence with no progress reaching global voluntary reductions of PIA for 2025.

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