scholarly journals Compliance with Standard Precautions and Its Relationship with Views on Infection Control and Prevention Policy among Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3420
Author(s):  
Eliza Lai-Yi Wong ◽  
Kin-Fai Ho ◽  
Dong Dong ◽  
Annie Wai-Ling Cheung ◽  
Peter Sen-Yung Yau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Prevention Policy ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Control ◽  
Infection Control And Prevention

Background: Standard precautions prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings. Incompliance with infection control guidelines of healthcare workers (HCWs) may increase their risk of exposure to infectious disease, especially under pandemics. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of compliance with the infection prevention and control practices among HCWs in different healthcare settings and its relationship with their views on workplace infection control measures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Nurses in Hong Kong were invited to respond to a cross-sectional online survey, in which their views on workplace infection and prevention policy, compliance with standard precautions and self-reported health during pandemics were collected. Results: The respondents were dissatisfied with workplace infection and prevention policy in terms of comprehensiveness (62%), clarity (64%), timeliness (63%), and transparency (60%). For the protective behavior, the respondents did not fully comply with the standard precautions when they were involved in medical care. Their compliance was relatively low when having proper patient handling (54%) and performing invasive procedures (46%). A multivariate analysis model proved that the level of compliance of the standard precautions was positively associated with the satisfaction on infection control and prevention policy among high risk group (0.020; 95% CI: 0.005–0.036), while older respondents had higher level of compliance among the inpatient and outpatient groups (coefficient range: 0.065–0.076). The higher level of compliance was also significantly associated with working in designated team and having chronic condition of the respondents among high-risk and inpatient groups. Conclusions: Standard precautions are the most important elements to reduce cross-transmission among HCWs and patients while the satisfaction on infection control and prevention policy would increase the compliance among the high-risk group. An overall suboptimal compliance and poor views on the infection prevention and control guidelines is a warning signal to healthcare system especially during pandemics.

scholarly journals Clinical Guideline Highlights for the Hospitalist: Diagnosis and Management of Measles

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Marie E Wang ◽  
Adam J Ratner
Keyword(s):  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Clinical Guideline ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Release Date ◽  
Title 1 ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Control

GUIDELINE TITLE: (1) Measles (Rubeola): For Healthcare Professionals and (2) Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Measles in Healthcare Settings. RELEASE DATE: (1) February 5, 2018, and (2) July 2019 PRIOR VERSION(s): n/a DEVELOPER: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FUNDING SOURCE: CDC TARGET POPULATION: Children and adults with suspected or confirmed measles

scholarly journals Teaching of infection control in undergraduate courses in health sciences: opinion of experts

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (suppl 4) ◽  
pp. 1626-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Massaroli ◽  
Jussara Gue Martini ◽  
José Luis Medina Moya ◽  
Julia Valéria de Oliveira Vargas Bitencourt ◽  
Kenya Schmidt Reibnitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Delphi Technique ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Pedagogical Strategies ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Infection Control And Prevention

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the perception of expert professionals in infection control and prevention on the teaching of skills for the prevention and control of infections related to health care in undergraduate courses in Health Sciences. Method: We used the Delphi technique, developed in four sequential rounds. Thirty-one nurses and eight physicians participated in the study. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis; the quantitative ones, from the descriptive statistics. Results: The importance of the courses has had teachers with expertise in infection control and prevention added to arguments about the development of the subject in the curricula by means of a specific subject or as a transversal theme. Conclusions: In order to cover the complexity of the elements that are interconnected for professional training, teaching must be based on pedagogical strategies that provoke reflection in students, encouraging them to develop critical thinking about their experiences.

scholarly journals An Emphasis on Engineering Controls and Administrative Controls in the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in an Orthodontic Setting: Thinking Beyond Tomorrow

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-201
Author(s):  
R Prakash ◽  
Uday K Digumarthi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
National Health Service ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Engineering Controls ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Control ◽  
Infection Control And Prevention

Introduction: Most of the initial focus in handling COVID-19 had been based on avoiding exposure by refraining from rendering most treatments other than those considered an emergency or urgent. Post-lockdown, with the resumption of most activities, there has been concern over the possibility of transmission scenarios if sufficient care is not taken. The control and prevention of the spread of infections when elimination of exposure is not possible is chiefly achieved through the judicious use of engineering controls and administrative controls in a clinical setting in addition to the standard protocols and transmission-based protocols. True safety lies in being one step ahead. There have been mentions of the possibility that COVID-19 could be opportunistic airborne in its spread, in addition to being spread via saliva, droplets, and contaminated surfaces or objects. Method: A literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, and advisories released by such organizations as the World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOFHW), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), American Dental Association (ADA), Canadian Dental Association (CDA), French National Dentists Association, Dental Council of Belgium, National Health Service, England (NHS UK), National Health Service Scotland (NHS Scotland), and International Society for Infectious Diseases (ISID) was performed, with search parameters aimed at gathering information pertaining to infection control and cross infection control in dental settings as related to orthodontics. Result: There have been numerous articles and advisories published over the last 20 years, but the main focus has been on safe practices and to an extent on personal protective equipment, with relatively less emphasis on the need for respiratory protection by way of engineering controls and administrative controls. This review highlights the engineering and administrative controls that can be put into effect to make infection control and prevention much more effective. Conclusion: Any health care facility must be able to prevent, contain, and control infections with no risk of nosocomial infections. For this, an assumption has to be made that every individual in a health care setting is either at risk or a risk, depending on whether the person is infected or not. Meticulous attention to stringent policies of hygiene and infection control and prevention, coupled with suitable supporting engineering and administrative controls, is to be made a standard way of life in such facilities.

scholarly journals EXPLORING THE KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF AUSTRALIAN MEDICAL STUDENTS REGARDING INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN HOSPITALS: A PILOT STUDY

2022 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 2236-41
Author(s):  
Maha Pervaz Iqbal ◽  
Kerry Uebel ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Victoria Jabbour ◽  
Dr. Victoria Jabbour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
And Control

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of medical students regarding standard precautions in an Australian undergraduate medical programme. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: University of New South Wales, Australia, duration of study was six-years. Methodology: Fifty medical students who were involved in clinical practice, were invited to complete a comprehensive questionnaire on standard precautions. Results: The majority of participants agreed that hand hygiene was the most important factor in infection control. Only 32 (16%) knew to use a full personal protective equipment for Ebola. Regarding sharps disposal, 46 (92%) students always disposed used needles in the recommended bin, 27 (54%) indicated they sometimes recapped used needle while 25 (20%) sometimes bent used needles. Conclusion: This study showed that there is a gap between knowledge and practice of medical students regarding hand hygiene and other infection control measures. There is a need for standardized and regular student training in the use of standard precautions in infection prevention and control.

scholarly journals Genomic Surveillance of Acinetobacter baumannii in the Philippines, 2013-2014

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Chilam ◽  
Silvia Argimon ◽  
Marilyn T. Limas ◽  
Melissa L. Masim ◽  
June M. Gayeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Carbapenem Resistance ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Genotypic Resistance ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Genomic Study ◽  
Hospital Infection Control ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Infection Control And Prevention

Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen that has increasingly become resistant to carbapenems worldwide. In the Philippines, carbapenem resistance and multi-drug resistance (MDR) rates are above 50%. We undertook a genomic study of carbapenem resistant A. baumannii in the Philippines to characterize the population diversity and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) mechanisms. We sequenced the whole genomes of 117 A. baumannii isolates recovered by 16 hospitals in the Philippines between 2013 and 2014. We determined the multi-locus sequence type (MLST), presence of acquired AMR determinants and relatedness between isolates from the genome sequences. We also compared the phenotypic and genotypic resistance results. Carbapenem resistance was mainly explained by the acquisition of class-D beta-lactamase gene blaOXA-23. The concordance between phenotypic and genotypic resistance to imipenem was 98.15% and 94.97% overall for the seven antibiotics analysed. Twenty-two different sequence types (ST) were identified, including 7 novel STs. The population was dominated by high-risk international clone 2 (i.e., clonal complex 92), in particular by ST195 and ST208 and their single locus variants. With WGS we identified local clusters representing potential undetected nosocomial outbreaks, as well as multi-hospital clusters indicating inter-hospital transmission. Comparison with global genomes suggested that the establishment of carbapenem-resistant IC2 clones in the Philippines is likely the result of clonal expansion and geographical dissemination and at least partly explained by inadequate hospital infection control and prevention. This study is the first extensive genomic study of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii in the Philippines and underscores the importance of hospital infection control and prevention to contain high-risk clones.

scholarly journals Knowledge And Judgments About Standard Precautions For Nosocomial Infection: Comparative Analysis Of Medical Vs. Non-Medical Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmira Kultanova ◽  
Milton Severo ◽  
Anar Turmukhambetova
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Improve Patient Safety ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Standard Precautions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
And Control

Background — Nosocomial infection (NI) is among the most common and serious challenges in a healthcare system. Health workers and medical students play an important role in prevention of NI. Despite advances in the field of medicine in Kazakhstan, low detection rate of NIs remains unchanged, which could be due to a lack of awareness of the standard precautions for infection control among medical students and health workers. This study is aimed at examining knowledge and judgments on NIs among medical and non-medical students. Material and Methods — We conducted a cross-sectional paper-based survey to examine the knowledge and judgments about the standard precautions for NI among medical and non-medical students. Data collection took place between September 21 and December 20, 2017. Results — The study enrolled 2,817 students. The mean overall score (±SD) was 2.045±1.29. Medical students had a better mean overall score (2.113) than non-medical students (1.785; p<0.001). Awareness of the standard preventive measures was increasing with a year of study, but still just one-third of year 5 medical students were aware of standard prevention (36.3% vs. 17.4% for non-medical students; p<0.001). Conclusion — The overall score of our survey indicated inadequate knowledge and awareness of the guidelines on infection prevention and control among both medical and non-medical students. In order to improve patient safety and welfare, the courses on infection control should be introduced into the curricular of medical universities in Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Discussion on infection prevention and control when media reporters enter into isolation wards during COVID-19 epidemic

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Infectious Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Control

The mass media serves as an indispensable force in the prevention and control of epidemics, and plays a vital role in information distribution, public opinion guidance and confidence enhancement during a pandemic of infectious diseases. However, due to the particularity of infectious disease outbreaks, interview work in medical institutions should be conducted in an orderly and efficient manner under the guidance of hospital-acquired infection control and prevention protocols. This paper summarizes measures for infection control during news material collection in isolation wards from Beijing’s medical aid team to Hubei province in the fight against COVID-19, so as to provide a reference for the media to carry out relevant work on the prevention and control of infectious diseases in the future.

scholarly journals Prevention and control strategies for the post-pandemic era: finding a balance between COVID-19 and reviving medical service

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (08) ◽  
pp. 1074-1079
Author(s):  
Shuang Liu ◽  
Yan Ren ◽  
Hong Li ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Jiao Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
And Control

Introduction: Public life in China is gradually returning to normal with strong measures in coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) control. Because of the long-term effects of COVID-19, medical institutions had to make timely adjustments to control policies and priorities to balance between COVID-19 prevention and daily medical services. Methodology: The framework for infection prevention and control in the inpatient department was effectively organized at both hospital and department levels. A series of prevention and control strategies was implemented under this leadership: application of rigorous risk assessment and triage before admission through a query list; classifying patients into three risk levels and providing corresponding medical treatment and emergency handling; establishing new ward visiting criteria for visitors; designing procedures for PPE and stockpile management; executing specialized disinfection and medical waste policies. Results: Till June 2020, the bed occupancy had recovered from 20.0% to 88.1%. In total, 13045 patients were received in our hospital, of which 54 and 127 patients were identified as high-risk and medium-risk, respectively, and 2 patients in the high-risk group were eventually laboratory-confirmed with COVID-19. No hospital-acquired infection of COVID-19 has been observed since the emergency appeared. Conclusions: The strategies ensured early detection and targeted prevention of COVID-19 following the COVID-19 pandemic, which improved the recovery of medical services after the pandemic.

scholarly journals 866. Assessment of Infection Control Training among Healthcare Workers in Three Tertiary Care Public Hospitals, Bangladesh, 2015-17

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S471-S472
Author(s):  
Md Shariful Amin Sumon ◽  
Shahana Parveen ◽  
Md Zakiul Hassan ◽  
Md Reaj Khan Babar ◽  
Kanij Fatima Chanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Support Staff ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Infection Control And Prevention

Abstract Background Hospital-acquired infections (HAI) are a rising global public health concern that disproportionately affects low and middle-income countries. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are the frontline work-stream against HAIs in healthcare settings. As part of a pilot infection prevention and control (IPC) program, we assessed the acceptability of infection control training in practice among HCWs in three public hospitals in Bangladesh to better mitigate HAI risks and occupational exposures. Methods We piloted an IPC intervention, as a part of the emergency preparedness, from 2015 to 2017 and IPC training was one of the key components. Trained IPC staff conducted a half-day training session for each three different level HCW groups, doctors, nurses and support staff. The training comprised of instructive method on standard and transmission-based precautions with infection control techniques. A practical demonstration was held followed by hands-on training on hand hygiene steps and mask, gloves use. The participants’ attitudes and practices on infection control measures were obtained through structured observation and qualitative interviews. Training on Infection Control And Prevention with Healthcare workers (Nurses) Training on Infection Control And Prevention with Healthcare workers (Doctors) Results A total of 1562 HCW’s participated in the training: 804 doctors, 445 nurses and 313 support staff in 26 training sessions. Majority of the participants (85%) did not receive any formal training earlier on infection control and often provided incorrect responses on basic IPC during interactive session. None of the hospitals had an IPC committee. After the training, we found a significant increase from 0% at baseline to 24% (p&lt; 0.001) in hand hygiene including 43% (p&lt; 0.001) and 45% (p&lt; 0.001) in mask and gloves use respectively. All respondents (n=84) from the qualitative assessment, reported the training as highly effective which reinforce their learning in action in the hospitals. Participants from all three groups urged to arrange refresher training more frequently and in small groups to uphold the practices. Conclusion This pilot program demonstrated HCWs lack basic IPC principals and tailored IPC training sessions can significantly improve HCWs IPC practice. Formation of active IPC committee could enable arranging periodic refresher and in-service training updates for HCWs with the reallocation of resources to adopt regular IPC practices. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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