scholarly journals A Comparative Prevalence of Birth Defects between Newborns of Immigrant and Native-Born Mothers in Taiwan: Ten Years of Population-Based Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12530
Author(s):  
Yu-Jung Lin ◽  
Jeng-Yuan Chiou ◽  
Jing-Yang Huang ◽  
Pen-Hua Su ◽  
Jia-Yuh Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Immigrant Mothers ◽  
Facial Cleft ◽  
Taiwanese Women ◽  
Confounding Variables

In recent years, newborns born to immigrant mothers have accounted for about 10% of the total births in Taiwan. However, little is known about whether there are differences between newborns of immigrant and native-born mothers regarding the prevalence and the possible causes of birth defects. By combining four nationwide databases and assessing all newborns between 2005 and 2014 in Taiwan as research subjects, this study determined the prevalence of birth defects stratified into nine categories (neuronal, facial, cleft, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, urogenital, musculoskeletal and chromosomal abnormalities) in the newborns of immigrant mothers and native-born mothers. We found that the prevalence of any birth defects in newborns of immigrant mothers (ranging from 0.98 to 1.24%) was lower than that of native-born mothers (2.86%). Skeletomuscular system defects are the most common among newborns of women from the main immigrant countries (0.24–0.42%), while circulatory system defects were the most common among newborns of Taiwanese women (0.92%). The risks of all defects remained lower for newborns of immigrant mothers (AORs ranged from 0.37 to 0.47) after controlling for possible confounding variables. The higher rates of birth defects among newborns of native-born mothers may be attributed to an older maternal age at childbirth and a higher prevalence of diabetes than that of immigrant mothers. The findings from this study imply that the prevalence of birth defects between newborns of immigrant and native-born mothers is not similar, as evidenced by a decade of population-based data.

scholarly journals Birth defects surveillance after assisted reproductive technology in Beijing: a whole of population-based cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e044385
Author(s):  
Lu Zhang ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Hongyan Xu ◽  
Kaibo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Reproductive Technology ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Increased Risk

ObjectivesTo compare the differences in the prevalence of birth defects among offspring conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART) and conceived spontaneously (non-ART), and assess the contribution of ART to birth defects.DesignA population-based retrospective cohort study.SettingBeijing.ParticipantsPregnant women whose expected date of childbirth was verified as occurring between October 2014 and September 2015, and were registered on the Beijing Maternal and Child Health Information Network System, were the recorded pregnancy outcomes. 2699 ART offspring and 191 368 non-ART offspring (live births, stillbirths and medical terminations) were included in our study.InterventionsNone.Outcome measuresRisk ratios (RR) for birth defects were calculated among ART conceptions and non-ART conceptions with confounding factors by using logistic regression models.Results194 067 offspring were included in the present study, and 2699 (1.4%) were conceived using ART. Among all the births, the prevalence of any birth defect in the ART offspring (5.5%) was significantly higher than in the non-ART offspring (3.8%) (crude RR, 1.49, 95% CI 1.26 to 1.76). After adjusting for confounding factors, ART use was still associated with an increased risk of any birth defect (5.4% vs 3.5% in ART and non-ART group, adjusted RR (aRR), 1.43, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.90), especially for chromosomal abnormalities (0.5% vs 0.2% in ART and non-ART group, aRR, 3.11, 95% CI 1.28 to 7.58), in singleton births to mothers <35 years. Circulatory system malformations and musculoskeletal system malformations were observed to have a non-significant increase in offspring conceived by ART. However, the associations between ART and birth defects were not detected in multiple births or mothers ≥35 years.ConclusionsThis study confirmed a small but significant association between ART and birth defects. However, the risk tends to be non-significant under the conditions of advanced maternal age or multiple pregnancies.

scholarly journals Maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring - National Birth Defects Prevention Study 1997–2011

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nynke Spinder ◽  
Lynn M Almli ◽  
Tania A Desrosiers ◽  
Kathryn E Arnold ◽  
Jorieke E H Bergman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Large Population ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Solvent Exposure

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the association between maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring.MethodsWe used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a large population-based case-control study of major birth defects conducted in 10 US states from 1997 to 2011. Infants with gastroschisis were ascertained by active birth defects surveillance systems. Control infants without major birth defects were selected from vital records or birth hospital records. Self-reported maternal occupational histories were collected by telephone interview. Industrial hygienists reviewed this information to estimate exposure to aromatic, chlorinated and petroleum-based solvents from 1 month before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy. Cumulative exposure to solvents was estimated for the same period accounting for estimated exposure intensity and frequency, job duration and hours worked per week. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated to assess the association between exposure to any solvents or solvent classes, and gastroschisis risk.ResultsAmong 879 cases and 7817 controls, the overall prevalence of periconceptional solvent exposure was 7.3% and 7.4%, respectively. Exposure to any solvent versus no exposure to solvents was not associated with gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.32), nor was an association noted for solvent classes. There was no exposure-response relationship between estimated cumulative solvent exposure and gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age.ConclusionOur study found no association between maternal occupational solvent exposure and gastroschisis in offspring. Further research is needed to understand risk factors for gastroschisis.

scholarly journals Maternal Age, Parity and Isolated Birth Defects: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Shenzhen, China

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e81369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Li Luo ◽  
Yu Li Cheng ◽  
Xiao Hui Gao ◽  
Shu Qin Tan ◽  
Jian Mei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Defects ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Сongenital diseases of the heart among newborn children: genetic aspects

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Congenital Heart Defects ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Multiple Birth ◽  
Perinatal Pathology

Congenital heart defects are a heterogeneous group of diseases that occur as isolation or a part of multiple birth defects, gene disorders or chromosomal abnormalities. Chromosomal abnormalities and its underlying syndromes are the cause of 6 to 36% of cases of congenital heart defects. Monogenic etiology is proven in about 8% of cases, and the main group - about 90% of the congenital heart defects is the result of an unfavorable combination of genetic predisposition and external factors. The causes of early neonatal infant mortality are dominated by incompatible birth defects: almost 26% of perinatal and neonatal deaths are associated with congenital child pathology. Heart defects compose about 30% of all birth defects. They rank first place among the diseases that lead to perinatal mortality and early disability. World statistics show that the incidence of birth defects in the world is 9 per 1000 newborns, in Europe - 8/1000, which is 4 times more frequent than neural tube defects and 6 times higher than chromosomal abnormalities. In Ukraine, about 5,000 children with congenital heart defects are born each year, and the total number of those children on dispensary records reaches more than 45,000. Knowledge about the prevalence of birth defects in the region is needed to develop new information markers of the risk of congenital pathology of the circulatory system for women of reproductive age. Data on the incidence of congenital heart defects of fetuses and newborns in the region will allow the creation of a database for follow-up studies, which will facilitate the timely identification of pregnant women at risk. This will improve the prognosis of pregnancy, reduce the level of perinatal pathology, which will have a significant medical and social effect. The data obtained will allow to create preconditions for improvement of approaches to the definition of risk groups of perinatal pathology, perfection of specialized care for pregnant women with risk of congenital heart defects of the fetus.

scholarly journals Paternal and maternal ages at conception and risk of bipolar affective disorder in their offspring

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Menezes ◽  
G. Lewis ◽  
F. Rasmussen ◽  
S. Zammit ◽  
A. Sipos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Age ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorder ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Independent Association ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Bipolar Affective Disorders ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundA consistent association between paternal age and their offspring's risk of schizophrenia has been observed, with no independent association with maternal age. The relationship of paternal and maternal ages with risk of bipolar affective disorders (BPAD) in the offspring is less clear. The present study aimed at testing the hypothesis that paternal age is associated with their offspring's risk of BPAD, whereas maternal age is not.MethodThis population-based cohort study was conducted with individuals born in Sweden during 1973–1980 and still resident there at age 16 years. Outcome was first hospital admission with a diagnosis of BPAD. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox's proportional hazard regression.ResultsAfter adjustment for all potential confounding variables except maternal age, the HR for risk of BPAD for each 10-year increase in paternal age was 1.28 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–1.48], but this fell to 1.20 (95% CI 0.97–1.48) after adjusting for maternal age. A similar result was found for maternal age and risk of BPAD [HR 1.30 (95% CI 1.08–1.56) before adjustment for paternal age, HR 1.12 (95% CI 0.86–1.45) after adjustment]. The HR associated with having either parent aged 30 years or over was 1.26 (95% CI 1.01–1.57) and it was 1.45 (95% CI 1.16–1.81) if both parents were >30 years.ConclusionsUnlike schizophrenia, the risk of BPAD seems to be associated with both paternal and maternal ages.

Dual and multiple trisomies: analysis of 38 cases from 13 thousand karyotyped embryos and fetuses

2017 ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
N.P. Veropotvelyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Chorionic Villus ◽  
Primary Group ◽  
Chorionic Villus Sampling ◽  
Missed Abortion ◽  
Reproductive Losses

The study presents data of different authors, as well as its own data on the frequency of multiple trisomies among the early reproductive losses in the I trimester of pregnancy and live fetuses in pregnant women at high risk of chromosomal abnormalities (CA) in I and II trimesters of gestation. The objective: determining the frequency of occurrence of double (DT) and multiple trisomies (MT) among the early reproductive losses in the I trimester of pregnancy and live fetuses in pregnant women at high risk of occurrence of HA in I and II trimesters of gestation; establishment of the most common combinations of diesel fuel and the timing of their deaths compared with single regular trisomy; comparative assessment materinskogo age with single, double and multiple trisomies. Patients and methods. During the period from 1997 to 2016, the first (primary) group of products in 1808 the concept of missed abortion (ST) of I trimester was formed from women who live in Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporozhye, Kirovograd, Cherkasy, Kherson, Mykolaiv regions. The average term of the ST was 8±3 weeks. The average age of women was 29±2 years. The second group (control) consisted of 1572 sample product concepts received during medical abortion in women (mostly residents of Krivoy Rog) in the period of 5-11 weeks of pregnancy, the average age was 32 years. The third group was made prenatally karyotyped fruits (n = 9689) pregnant women with high risk of HA of the above regions of Ukraine, directed the Centre to invasive prenatal diagnosis for individual indications: maternal age, changes in the fetus by ultrasound (characteristic malformations and echo markers HA) and high risk of HA on the results of the combined prenatal screening I and II trimesters. From 11 th to 14 th week of pregnancy, chorionic villus sampling was performed (n=1329), with the 16th week – platsentotsentez (n=2240), 18 th and 24 th week – amniocentesis (n=6120). Results. A comparative evaluation of maternal age and the prevalence anembriony among multiple trisomies. Analyzed 13,069 karyotyped embryonic and fetal I-II trimester of which have found 40 cases of multiple trisomies – 31 cases in the group in 1808 missed abortion (2.84% of total HA), 3 cases including 1 572 induced medabortov and 7 cases during 9689 prenatal research (0.51% of HA). Determined to share the double trisomies preembrionalny, fetal, early, middle and late periods of fetal development. Conclusion. There were no significant differences either in terms of destruction of single and multiple trisomies or in maternal age or in fractions anembrionalnyh pregnancies in these groups. Key words: multiple trisomies, double trisomy, missed abortion, prenatal diagnosis.

scholarly journals Changes in Six-Month Prevalence of Circulatory System Diseases among People Aged 20 Years and Older between 2013 and 2018 in Hunan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2599
Author(s):  
Zhenzhen Rao ◽  
Junjie Hua ◽  
Ruotong Li ◽  
Yanhong Fu ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Recent changes in population-based prevalence for circulatory system diseases (CSDs) remain unreported either nationally or locally for China. Data were from the two-round health service household interview survey of Hunan Province, China, in 2013 and 2018. A Rao–Scott chi-square test was performed to examine prevalence differences across socio-demographic variables. The overall age-standardized prevalence of CSDs increased substantially between 2013 and 2018 for inhabitants aged 20 years and older (14.25% vs. 21.25%; adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.24–2.04). Hypertensive disease was the most prevalent type of CSD, accounting for 87.24% and 83.83% of all CSDs in 2013 and in 2018, respectively. After controlling for other socio-demographic factors, the prevalence of CSDs was significantly higher in 2018 (adjusted OR = 1.40), urban residents (adjusted OR = 1.43), females (adjusted OR = 1.12) and older age groups (adjusted OR = 5.36 for 50–59 years, 9.51 for 60–69 years, 15.19 for 70–79 years, and 12.90 for 80 years and older) than in 2013, rural residents, males and the youngest age group (20–49 years). The recent increase in the overall age-standardized CSD prevalence and the large prevalence disparities across urban/rural residents, sex and age groups merit the attention of policymakers and researchers. Further prevention efforts are needed to curb the increasing tendency and to reduce the prevalence of disparities across socio-demographic groups.

scholarly journals Dietary and lifestyle inflammatory scores are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome in Iranian adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Farhadnejad ◽  
Karim Parastouei ◽  
Hosein Rostami ◽  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle

Abstract Background In the current study, we aimed to investigate the association of dietary inflammation scores (DIS) and lifestyle inflammation scores (LIS) with the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a prospective population-based study. Methods A total of 1625 participants without MetS were recruited from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study(2006–2008) and followed a mean of 6.1 years. Dietary data of subjects were collected using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline to determine LIS and DIS. Multivariable logistic regression models, were used to calculate the odds ratio (ORs) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) of MetS across tertiles of DIS and LIS. Results Mean ± SD age of individuals (45.8 % men) was 37.5 ± 13.4 years. Median (25–75 interquartile range) DIS and LIS for all participants was 0.80 (− 2.94, 3.64) and 0.48 (− 0.18, − 0.89), respectively. During the study follow-up, 291 (17.9 %) new cases of MetS were identified. Based on the age and sex-adjusted model, a positive association was found between LIS (OR = 7.56; 95% CI 5.10–11.22, P for trend < 0.001) and risk of MetS, however, the association of DIS and risk of MetS development was not statistically significant (OR = 1.30;95% CI 0.93–1.80, P for trend = 0.127). In the multivariable model, after adjustment for confounding variables, including age, sex, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, and energy intake, the risk of MetS is increased across tertiles of DIS (OR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.09–2.33, P for trend = 0.015) and LIS(OR = 8.38; 95% CI 5.51–12.7, P for trend < 0.001). Conclusions The findings of the current study showed that greater adherence to LIS and DIS, determined to indicate the inflammatory potential of diet and lifestyle, are associated with increased the risk of MetS.

scholarly journals Extended embryo culture is effective for patients of an advanced maternal age

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sainte-Rose ◽  
C. Petit ◽  
L. Dijols ◽  
C. Frapsauce ◽  
F. Guerif
Keyword(s):  
Live Birth ◽  
Embryo Culture ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Birth Rates ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Live Birth Rates

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of extended embryo culture in advanced maternal age (AMA) patients (37–43 years). In this retrospective analysis, 21,301 normally fertilized zygotes from 4952 couples were cultured until the blastocyst stage. Blastocyst development, including kinetics and morphology, transfer rate, implantation and live birth rates, were measured. In AMA patients, the blastocyst rate was significantly decreased as compared to that in younger women. On day 5, blastocysts underwent growth retardation in AMA patients, which was highlighted by a decreased rate of full/expanded blastocysts. Organization of the cells (trophectoderm and inner cell mass) was unaffected by age. However, in AMA patients, a ‘good’ morphology blastocyst had a decreased probability to implant compared with an ‘average’ morphology blastocyst in younger women. While the rates of blastocyst transfer and useful blastocysts were similar to younger patients, in AMA patients, both implantation and live birth rates were significantly reduced. Our results support the idea that extended embryo culture is not harmful for AMA patients. However, embryo selection allowed by such culture is not powerful enough to avoid chromosomal abnormalities in the developed blastocysts and therefore cannot compensate for the effect of a woman’s age.

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