scholarly journals Community Intervention System: COVID-19 Control in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12857
Author(s):  
Yafeng Zou ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Min Deng ◽  
Yujie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Structural Response ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Eastern Inner Mongolia ◽  
External Connections

The COVID-19 epidemic has caused giant influences on people’s life, and China’s communities play an important role in dealing with these major public health events (MPHEs). Community as the grassroots autonomous organization has various significant functions in intervening in MPHEs. The community intervention follows a system which directly influences the anti-epidemic effectiveness. To explore the mechanism, we devise a theoretical system for community intervention, mainly consisting of “organizational structure”, “functional performance” and “internal and external connections”. Questionnaire surveys, the chi-square test, the independent sample T-test, and principal component analysis are used to identify the characteristics of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region’s (Inner Mongolia) community intervention. Through the empirical research, it is verified that the community intervention in MPHEs is the combination of “the structural response of the organization”, “the performance of the community’s own function”, and “the establishment of internal and external connections”. The central Inner Mongolia delivers the best performance in community intervention compared to eastern Inner Mongolia and western Inner Mongolia. The urban communities commonly perform better than that in the agricultural and pastoral areas. The built system and findings could provide a guidance for future community to improve its intervention capability.

scholarly journals Beloved Whiskers: Management Type, Care Practices and Connections to Welfare in Domestic Cats

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2308
Author(s):  
Daiana de Souza Machado ◽  
Luana da Silva Gonçalves ◽  
Rogério Ribeiro Vicentini ◽  
Maria Camila Ceballos ◽  
Aline Cristina Sant’Anna
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Categorical Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Care Practices

The quality of cat care practices depends in part on the type of management applied, which either positively or negatively impacts cat welfare. This study investigated whether the type of cat management (indoor vs. outdoor) was related to other cat care practices adopted by cat owners, associated with the quality of human-cat relationships and cat welfare. An online survey was distributed via social networks. Descriptive statistics, categorical Principal Component Analysis, Fisher’s Exact test and Chi-square test in contingency table were applied. A total of 16,302 cat owners returned the survey. Most Brazilian owners reported indoor management of their cats; this was related to owners living in apartments, more frequent use of cat care practices, and more interactions with their pets. Outdoor management was related to cats living in houses or farms, sleeping outdoors or around the neighborhood, and owners had fewer interaction with their pets. In conclusion, owners practicing indoor management seemed to be closer to their cats than owners reporting outdoor management. However, obesity and owner-reported behavioral problems were associated with indoor management.

scholarly journals Structural characteristics, quality and plant biodiversity in forest types at Xuan Son national park, Phu Tho province

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Trieu V. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Mixed Linear Model ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The Difference

Forest structure plays a very important role in the sustainable management of forest resources. Research established 20 plots. The plot area is 900 m2 (30 m × 30 m) for 4 forest types: IIA, IIB, IIIA1 and IIIA3. Results showed that average diameter of four stages is IIA: 11.25 cm; IIB: 12.81 cm; II: 1: 15.94 cm and IIIA3: 20.30 cm. The mixed linear model demonstrated that growth in both diameter and height between forest states was significantly different (P < 0.05). Weibull and J-shape functions can simulate well for 75% of experimental distributions. Path analysis showed that for all four states, direct influence (AHTT) had a greater absolute value than the indirect effect (AHGT). Principal component analysis diagrams showed that for all four types, the quality of forest trees was closely related to canopy width, total height and diameter at breast height. The difference in the quality of the trees between the four states was really significant, as the Sig value of the Chi-square test is 0.000 (less than 0.05). Stages IIA and IIB had mainly species of pioneer species, while IIIA1 and IIIA3 had more shade tolerant species. Stage IIIA3 had the highest level of species diversity.

scholarly journals Conceptual Behaviour Underpinning the Occurrence of Nonfaecal Matter in Faecal Sludge in Some Urban Communities, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ama Mbeaba Quarshie ◽  
Samuel Fosu Gyasi ◽  
Francis Atta Kuranchie ◽  
Esi Awuah ◽  
Eugene Darteh
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Toilet Facility ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Education And Awareness ◽  
Indiscriminate Disposal ◽  
Faecal Sludge

Faecal sludge (FS) management is pertinent to the achievement of sustainable development goal 6.2 around the world; yet it is constrained by urbanisation challenges, waste management complexities, and defective attitudes. These deny communities of the plausible supply of resources from FS. This paper assesses the perception underpinning the occurrence of nonfaecal matter in FS in Ghana. Primary data were obtained from 400 respondents in four communities in Brong Ahafo and Greater Accra Regions of Ghana, using a structured questionnaire. Data were analysed by using STATA software version 15. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were conducted on all independent variables and statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05 . The study identified the following as the most perceived frequently disposed nonfaecal matter into FS: sanitary pads and diapers (38.5%), fabrics/rags (23.2%), toilet rolls (20.8%), razor/shaving sticks (10.3%), and others (7.2%). Gender, state of toilet facility (roof or unroofed), presence of container for collecting other types of waste in the toilet room, and state of container in toilet room either covered or uncovered were the factors found to be significantly associated with the disposal of solid waste (SW) into FS at 95% confidence level. The fear of exposing used sanitary materials for rituals, the use of fabric as an alternative to toilet rolls, and the desire to conceal aborted pregnancies from the public were some of the reasons alluded to the disposal acts. Education and awareness campaigns on proper SW disposal practices, appropriate use of toilet facilities, and the resource potentials of FS were found to be the best way forward to discourage indiscriminate disposal of SW into FS.

scholarly journals Household solid waste management practices and perceptions among residents in the East Coast of Malaysia

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widad Fadhullah ◽  
Nor Iffah Najwa Imran ◽  
Sharifah Norkhadijah Syed Ismail ◽  
Mohd Hafiidz Jaafar ◽  
Hasmah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Waste Segregation ◽  
Waste Management Practices

Abstract Background Poor waste disposal practices hamper the progress towards an integrated solid waste management in households. Knowledge of current practices and perception of household solid waste management is necessary for accurate decision making in the move towards a more sustainable approach. This study investigates the household waste practices and perceptions about waste management in Panji, one of the sub-districts in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. Methods A stratified random sampling technique using a cross-sectional survey questionnaire was used to collect data. A total of 338 households were interviewed in the survey and data were analyzed using SPSS. Chi-square goodness of fit test was used to determine the relationships between categorical variables, whereas Chi-square bivariate correlation test was performed to observe the correlation between the perceptions of waste segregation with socio-demographic background of the respondents. The correlation between perception of respondents with the locality, house type and waste type were also conducted. Principal component analysis was used to identify grouping of variables and to establish which factors were interrelated in any given construct. Results The results of the study revealed that 74.3 % of households disposed of food debris as waste and 18.3% disposed of plastic materials as waste. The study also showed that 50.3% of the households segregate their waste while 49.7% did not. About 95.9% of the respondents were aware that improper waste management leads to disease; such as diarrhea and malaria. There were associations between locality, age and house type with waste segregation practices among respondents (Chi-square test, p<0.05). Associations were also found between locality with the perception of improper waste management which lead to disease (Chi-square test, p<0.05). Principal Component Analysis showed that 17.94% of the variance has high positive loading (positive relationship) with age, marital status and, type of house. Conclusion This study highlights the importance to design waste separation programs that suit the needs of targeted population as a boost towards sustainable solid waste management practices.

A Practical Approach towards Managing Government Funds in Tripura

Think India ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Rajat Deb
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
T Test ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Funds Management

The study examines the perception of the employees working in different State Government Departments in Tripura, and of university and college students about funds management in government sector. It obtained primary data from 160 respondents consisting of 96 men and 64 women from all the eight districts of Tripura using judgement and quota sampling technique through schedule and personal interviews. Different statistical tests like Students t-test, Pearsons Chi-square test, and factor analysis like Principal Component Analysis were performed to assess support for the hypotheses. The reliability of the questions and sample adequacy test was also carried out. Through factor analysis, four major factors viz. perceptions about the philosophy of Government accounting, perceptions about lack of financial literacy of the DDOs, perceptions about dysfunctional bureaucracy, and perceptions about slack monitoring and controlling of Governments funds were extracted. Based on such factors, Students t-test was carried out. PCA has been carried out in order to analyze the various components and Chi-square test was carried out to know the association of the male and female respondents perceptions about effective funds management strategies. The results of the study suggest that DDOs lack adequate financial education, they blindly trust the cashier, and books of records are not properly maintained and updated. It also suggests that periodical training, regular updating of books of accounts, accessing net banking facility for keeping vigil and continuous internal control and audit should be initiated for efficient funds management and to prevent employees fraud.

scholarly journals Designing a hybrid dimension reduction for improving the performance of Amharic news document classification

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0251902
Author(s):  
Demeke Endalie ◽  
Tesfa Tegegne
Keyword(s):  
Dimension Reduction ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Information Gain ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Dimension Reduction Method ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Document Frequency ◽  
Chi Square Test

The volume of Amharic digital documents has grown rapidly in recent years. As a result, automatic document categorization is highly essential. In this paper, we present a novel dimension reduction approach for improving classification accuracy by combining feature selection and feature extraction. The new dimension reduction method utilizes Information Gain (IG), Chi-square test (CHI), and Document Frequency (DF) to select important features and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to refine the features that have been selected. We evaluate the proposed dimension reduction method with a dataset containing 9 news categories. Our experimental results verified that the proposed dimension reduction method outperforms other methods. Classification accuracy with the new dimension reduction is 92.60%, which is 13.48%, 16.51% and 10.19% higher than with IG, CHI, and DF respectively. Further work is required since classification accuracy still decreases as we reduce the feature size to save computational time.

scholarly journals Data Analytics for Cardiotocography Data Using Principal Component Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.32) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Pratuisha K ◽  
Rajeswara Rao .D ◽  
J V.R.Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Principle Component ◽  
Precise Diagnosis ◽  
Chi Square Test

With growing congenital anamelies in recent years detection of heart problems in fetus has become critical. Cardiotocography test assists doctors in such dignosis followed by cure. Here analytics of cardiotocography data is presented in details.Understanding ,cleaning and preprocessing the data is one of the the foremost part for any researcher,In this work data is cleaned,preprocessed,normalized, Also the attributes are selected by using the Chi-square test. Colinearity problem is addressed using Principle component analysis.Such analytics and prepro-cessing will help in machine learning or allied models for predict-ing precise diagnosis at an early stage 

scholarly journals Community Supported Agriculture Farmers’ Perceptions of Management Benefits and Drawbacks

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Samoggia ◽  
Chiara Perazzolo ◽  
Piroska Kocsis ◽  
Margherita Del Prete
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Past Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Supported Agriculture ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Community Benefits ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Chi Square Test

Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) is a direct partnership between producer(s) and a group of consumers/members to share the risks and responsibilities of farming activities. CSA aims at producing and providing environmentally, socially, economically, and nutritionally sustainable food. Past research has focused on CSA members’ motivations. This research aims to gain a better understanding of CSA farmers’ perceived benefits and drawbacks in managing a CSA farm, and whether CSA management perception varies in different countries. The research collected data from 35 farmers that were based in the United States (US) and Hungary (HU). Data elaboration includes a one-way Anova test, Chi-square test, principal component analysis, and multiple multivariate linear regressions. The results support that US and HU farmers have similar positive perceptions of CSA farming management, especially in food quality, nutritional value products, environmental, and community benefits. The main differences concentrate on economic, financial, and management perceptions. CSA success as an alternative agro-food production and distribution system relies on the capability to involve CSA members. Therefore, CSA farmers’ management skills may evolve to ensure the performance of communication and community engaging practices. The main CSA concern is ensuring a fair income and living wage for the farmers and labor force. There is a need for better balancing non-monetary and monetary benefits for the farmers.

A Study of Forest Health Assessment Based on Fortran Program for Larix principis-rupprechtii Plantation in Eastern Inner Mongolia, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 380-384 ◽  
pp. 4480-4483
Author(s):  
Yan Rong Guo ◽  
Bao Guo Wu ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Shuo Cai
Keyword(s):  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Fortran Program ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Eastern Inner Mongolia

In order to determine the health status of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, the field data were surveyed and then the principal component analysis, mean-variance analysis method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on Fortran program were comprehensively applied to evaluate these forests in this study. Results showed that the health grade of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation was 2.267. The health grade was between the sub-health and medium health, which was lean to the sub-health in the eastern Inner Mongolia.

scholarly journals BENEFITSEGMENTATION: Case of a National Bank's Customers in Indonesia

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Ahnad Yunianto ◽  
Catur Sugiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Market Competition ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Benefit Segmentation ◽  
Customer Segment ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Fierce Competition

Fierce competition in Indonesian banking industry had forced banks to get closer to their customers in order to maintain their customer base. However, considering the banks limited resources and the market competition, raised question on which customers they should focus to serve. Benefit segmentation as one of the concept of market segmentation, provides a clear picture of which segment or type of customers the bank should focus. Undertaken in a national bank, this research was aimed to identify benefits desired by the customer in financial service; segments for the bank based on those benefits; and to identify whether there is a relationship between customers' demographics and their desired benefits. Factor analysis with principal component method was used to extract 29 banking attributes to a set of factors that capable to capture the main features of the responses. Cluster analysis was then applied to the dataset to identify whether a bundle of benefit might be sought by a specific customer segment. The last, chi-square test was applied to identify whether there is any correlation between the cluster and the demographic variables. Five factors (main benefits) sought by the customers were found, namely:  safety-convenience; relational; bank's features; cost; and promotional incentives. Based on those factors, the customers could be classified into four segments, service-oriented (38.41%), rate sensitive (16.85%), incentive seekers (13.30%), and safety-convenience (31.44%). A significant correlation between demographic characteristics (gender, age, education, income, monthly spending, occupation, and number of children) and desired customer benefits were found. Therefore, those demographic characteristics could be used to develop the customers' profiles.

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