scholarly journals Physiological and Psychological Effects of Visual Stimulation with Green Plant Types

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 12932
Author(s):  
Ji-Eun Jeong ◽  
Sin-Ae Park
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
High Beta ◽  
Occipital Lobes

This study was designed to assess the physiological and psychological benefits of visually looking at foliage plants in adults. This study involved 30 adults in their 20s (11 males, 19 females), and using a crossover design, participants looked at four different types of visual stimuli, namely, real plants, artificial plants, a photograph of plants, and no plants for 5 min. Brain waves were measured while viewing each type of plant, and a subjective evaluation of emotions was performed after each visual stimulus. Semantic differential methods (SDM) and Profile of Mood States (POMS) were used for the subjective evaluation. During the real plant visual stimulation, relative theta (RT) power spectrum was increased in the bilateral occipital lobes, while relative high beta (RHB) power spectrum was reduced in the left occipital lobe, indicating a reduction in stress, anxiety, and tension. The subjective survey results revealed that when looking at real plants, the participants exhibited significantly higher “comfort,” “natural,” and “relaxed” scores as well as an increase in positive mood conditions. In conclusion, among the four types of plants, visual stimulation with real plants induces physiological relaxation in adults and has a positive psychological effect.

THE INFLUENCE OF ROOM ACOUSTIC PARAMETERS ON THE PERCEPTION OF ROOM CHARACTERISTICS

Akustika ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Alicja Jasińska ◽  
Maurycy Kin
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Strength Parameter ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Sound Sources ◽  
Different Types

The article presents the possibility of identification of rooms on the basis of binaural perception. Results of subjective evaluation were compared with the values of sound strength, G. A previously unknown sound term was introduced: the strength of spatial impression as the inverse of standard deviation of the results obtained. It turned out that the results presenting the sound strength parameter can be correlated with the subjective evaluation of the spatial impression, which is the size of the room. It can be helpful in the process of room identification, probably due to the reverberation impression in the room. Authors plan to continue the study with more rooms and different types of sound sources.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Audio Compression Artifacts

10.14311/906 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Herrera Martinez
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Audio Coding ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Audio Compression ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Signal Processing Techniques

This paper deals with subjective evaluation of audio-coding systems. From this evaluation, it is found that, depending on the type of signal and the algorithm of the audio-coding system, different types of audible errors arise. These errors are called coding artifacts. Although three kinds of artifacts are perceivable in the auditory domain, the author proposes that in the coding domain there is only one common cause for the appearance of the artifact, inefficient tracking of transient-stochastic signals. For this purpose, state-of-the art audio coding systems use a wide range of signal processing techniques, including application of the wavelet transform, which is described here. 

scholarly journals 5. Notes more especially on the Bridging Convolutions in the Brain of the Chimpanzee

1866 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 578-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wm. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Great Weight ◽  
Late Professor ◽  
The Third ◽  
Occipital Lobes ◽  
The Brain

The late Professor Gratiolet, in his elaborate and beautifully illustrated memoir, “Sur les Plis Cérébraux de l'Homme et des Primates,” attaches great weight in his differential diagnosis of their cerebral characters to the presence or absence of one or more members of a series of convolutions, which he designates as the plis de passage. When present, these convolutions bridge over the external perpendicular fissure of the hemisphere, and connect the parietal and temporal with the occipital lobes. By various anatomists in this country they are called bridging, connecting, or annectent convolutions. In the brain of the Chimpanzee M. Gratiolet states that the first bridging convolution is altogether wanting; that the second is present, but concealed under the operculum of the occipital lobe; that the third and fourth are superficial.

Perfusion Changes with Photic Stimulation During two Phases of the Menstrual Cycle: A Pilot Study Comparing Controls and True Menstrual Migraine Patients

Cephalalgia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 907-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
BM Ances ◽  
JA Detre
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Menstrual Migraine ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Photic Stimulation ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Significant Difference

This pilot study investigated the effect of menstrual cycle phase (late luteal and mid-follicular) on cerebral perfusion changes during photic stimulation in both controls ( n = 5) and true menstrual migraine patients ( n = 5). No significant differences in resting baseline perfusion were observed between the two groups during either phase of the menstrual cycle. During the late luteal phase, changes in perfusion within the occipital lobe due to photic stimulation were similar for both groups. However, during the mid-follicular phase, occipital perfusion during visual stimulation decreased for controls but significantly increased for true menstrual migraine patients ( P < 0.05). A two way repeated measures ANOVA also demonstrated a significant difference between menstrual migraine patients and controls for photic activation ( P < 0.05).

scholarly journals Human brain glycogen content and metabolism: implications on its role in brain energy metabolism

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (3) ◽  
pp. E946-E951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülin Öz ◽  
Elizabeth R. Seaquist ◽  
Anjali Kumar ◽  
Amy B. Criego ◽  
Luke E. Benedict ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Glycogen Metabolism ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Brain Glycogen ◽  
Free Glucose ◽  
Time Courses

The adult brain relies on glucose for its energy needs and stores it in the form of glycogen, primarily in astrocytes. Animal and culture studies indicate that brain glycogen may support neuronal function when the glucose supply from the blood is inadequate and/or during neuronal activation. However, the concentration of glycogen and rates of its metabolism in the human brain are unknown. We used in vivo localized 13C-NMR spectroscopy to measure glycogen content and turnover in the human brain. Nine healthy volunteers received intravenous infusions of [1-13C]glucose for durations ranging from 6 to 50 h, and brain glycogen labeling and washout were measured in the occipital lobe for up to 84 h. The labeling kinetics suggest that turnover is the main mechanism of label incorporation into brain glycogen. Upon fitting a model of glycogen metabolism to the time courses of newly synthesized glycogen, human brain glycogen content was estimated at ∼3.5 μmol/g, i.e., three- to fourfold higher than free glucose at euglycemia. Turnover of bulk brain glycogen occurred at a rate of 0.16 μmol·g−1·h−1, implying that complete turnover requires 3–5 days. Twenty minutes of visual stimulation ( n = 5) did not result in detectable glycogen utilization in the visual cortex, as judged from similar [13C]glycogen levels before and after stimulation. We conclude that the brain stores a substantial amount of glycogen relative to free glucose and metabolizes this store very slowly under normal physiology.

Occipital Lobe Infarction Caused by Tentorial Herniation

Neurosurgery ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaharu Sato ◽  
Shigeru Tanaka ◽  
Akitsugu Kohama ◽  
Chiiho Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Internal Capsule ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Ammon's Horn ◽  
Hemorrhagic Infarction ◽  
Posterior Limb ◽  
Tentorial Herniation ◽  
Ammon’S Horn ◽  
Occipital Lobes

Abstract Occipital lobe infarction caused by tentorial herniation was described based on computed tomography findings in nine patients. The whole area of the occipital lobe was involved in five patients; some areas were spared in the others. Infarction other than the ipsilateral occipital lobe was seen in four areas of nine patients: the ispsilateral posterior limb of the internal capsule, contralateral Ammon's horn, and two contralateral occipital lobes. Hemorrhagic infarction was seen in two patients.

scholarly journals Decreased occipital lobe metabolism by FDG-PET/CT

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e413 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Probasco ◽  
Lilja Solnes ◽  
Abhinav Nalluri ◽  
Jesse Cohen ◽  
Krystyna M. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalitis ◽  
Occipital Lobe ◽  
Nmda Receptor Encephalitis ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
Occipital Lobes

Objective:To compare brain metabolism patterns on fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT in anti–NMDA receptor and other definite autoimmune encephalitis (AE) and to assess how these patterns differ between anti–NMDA receptor neurologic disability groups.Methods:Retrospective review of clinical data and initial dedicated brain FDG-PET/CT studies for neurology inpatients with definite AE, per published consensus criteria, treated at a single academic medical center over a 10-year period. Z-score maps of FDG-PET/CT were made using 3-dimensional stereotactic surface projections in comparison to age group–matched controls. Brain region mean Z scores with magnitudes ≥2.00 were interpreted as significant. Comparisons were made between anti–NMDA receptor and other definite AE patients as well as among patients with anti–NMDA receptor based on modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at the time of FDG-PET/CT.Results:The medial occipital lobes were markedly hypometabolic in 6 of 8 patients with anti–NMDA receptor encephalitis and as a group (Z = −4.02, interquartile range [IQR] 2.14) relative to those with definite AE (Z = −2.32, 1.46; p = 0.004). Among patients with anti–NMDA receptor encephalitis, the lateral and medial occipital lobes were markedly hypometabolic for patients with mRS 4–5 (lateral occipital lobe Z = −3.69, IQR 1; medial occipital lobe Z = −4.08, 1) compared with those with mRS 0–3 (lateral occipital lobe Z = −0.83, 2; p < 0.0005; medial occipital lobe Z = −1.07, 2; p = 0.001).Conclusions:Marked medial occipital lobe hypometabolism by dedicated brain FDG-PET/CT may serve as an early biomarker for discriminating anti–NMDA receptor encephalitis from other AE. Resolution of lateral and medial occipital hypometabolism may correlate with improved neurologic status in anti–NMDA receptor encephalitis.

scholarly journals Decision making in specialist forensic psychiatric (the psychological aspect)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
E.V. Shmakova ◽  
E.M. Popova ◽  
E.S. Shekhovtsova ◽  
T.N. Kabanova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric ◽  
The Relationship

The article presents the results of a study of psychological factors of decision making amongforensic psychiatric specialists. Given the survey data of10 medical psychologists and 10 psychiatrists carrying out compulsory treatment in the psychiatric hospital №5, Moscow Department of Public Health, in comparison with the control group, consisting of professionals working in the field of education, manufacturing, services and technology. Methodical complex included: 1. The Epstein questionnaire of the intuitive style (adaptation Kornilova T. V., Kornilov S. A.); A new questionnaire of tolerance/intolerance to uncertainty (Kornilova T. V.); Melbourne questionnaire of decision making (adaptation T. V.Kornilova); The questionnaire «Personal factors of decision making»(T.V. Kornilova); TheV. Smecalo and V. M. Kucher method; The Tsvetkova Method; 7. The questionnaire «Styles of thinking» by R. Bramsonand Harrison (adaptation of A. A. Alekseev); 8.The questionnaire «Scale of base convictions» (R.Yanov-Boulemane, adaptation M.A. Padun, A.V. Kotelnikov); 9. The check-list aimed to identify the type of decisions taken by the expert in professional activity, their frequency, importance, subjective evaluation is necessary for decision making qualities and to evaluate the most significant opinions of other persons in the decision-making process. There were defined the characteristics of decision making depending on gender. The relationships between type of activity and frequency of occurrence of different types of decisions in professional activities of specialists were revealed. Analyzed the relationship between consideration of the views of others when making decisions and activity.

scholarly journals Benchmarking of semantic annotation systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minal Patel
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Semantic Annotation ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Technique ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Gold Standards

In this research, an effort has been made to evaluate the semantic annotators with a systematic subjective evaluation technique. So far, most of the previous evaluation efforts have involved creation of gold standards and by measuring basic metrics, the performance of semantic annotators has been analysed. But in this work, a subjective evaluation technique has been applied to evaluate some of the publicly available semantic annotation systems. In this method, 60 participants have been involved in the evaluation. A survey has been carried out to collect the response from participants about what they think how well the annotators perform on different types of texts (e.g. long texts, short texts and tweets). Their responses have been analysed using standard statistical tests. Using this approach, it has been concluded that Wikipedia Miner performs better on long texts and Tag Me performs better on short texts and tweets than other systems.

scholarly journals Prioritization of olive breeding objectives in Spain: Analysis of a producers and researchers survey

2021 ◽  
pp. e0701-e0701
Author(s):  
Lorenzo León ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Olive Cultivar ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Breeding Objectives ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Survey Results

Aim of study: Trait prioritization of potential olive (Olea europaea L.) breeding objectives has been evaluated in this work from two surveys to researchers working on olive and olive producers / orchard managers. Area of study: Olive growing area in Andalusia (South of Spain) Material and methods: Twenty-five breeding objectives were associated to plant growth, fructification, oil content and composition, resistance to pest and disease and tolerance to soil and climatic conditions. Two assessment methods were applied (ranking and rating), showing similar results in both the researchers and producers surveys. Main results: Higher productivity was the objective with the highest score, followed by Verticillium wilt resistance and higher oil content. After them, tolerance to water stress and resistance to Xylella fastidiosa were among the preferred objectives. Conversely, the least preferred objectives were late harvesting, high fruit size and tolerance to water lodging and calcareous soils. In the producers’ survey, results have been consistent among the different types of orchards and farmers’ characteristics. It is also interesting to notice that more than 50% of the producers expressed their willingness to orchard enlargement or renewal in the three coming years and 25% of them would change the olive cultivar. They would be willing to pay an average 43% overprice for new cultivar fulfilling their requirements and 75% would support the use of genetic modified olives. Research highlights: These results should be considered to analyze the scope of current breeding programs and define the main criteria to be considered for future works aiming at developing new olive cultivars.

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