scholarly journals Periodontal Disease: A Risk Factor for Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Liccardo ◽  
Alessandro Cannavo ◽  
Gianrico Spagnuolo ◽  
Nicola Ferrara ◽  
Antonio Cittadini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Cardiac Disorders ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Lines Of Evidence

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease, initiated by the presence of a bacterial biofilm, called dental plaque, which affects both the periodontal ligaments and bone surrounding teeth. In the last decades, several lines of evidence have supported the existence of a relationship between periodontitis and systemic health. For instance, as periodontitis acts within the same chronic inflammatory model seen in cardiovascular disease (CVD), or other disorders, such as diabetes, several studies have suggested the existence of a bi-directional link between periodontal health and these pathologies. For instance, people with diabetes are more susceptible to infections and are more likely to suffer from periodontitis than people without this syndrome. Analogously, it is now evident that cardiac disorders are worsened by periodontitis, both experimentally and in humans. For all these reasons, it is very plausible that preventing periodontitis has an impact on the onset or progression of CVD and diabetes. On these grounds, in this review, we have provided an updated account on the current knowledge concerning periodontal disease and the adverse effects exerted on the cardiovascular system health and diabetes, informing readers on the most recent preclinical studies and epidemiological evidence.

scholarly journals Probiotics and Periodontal Disease: A Current Update

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (Spl) ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
Vivek Gupta ◽  
Bhavana Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Systemic Health ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A Current

ABSTRACT Probiotics are live micro-organisms that when administered in adequate amounts confer health benefits upon the host. Although a lot of work has been done regarding the effects of probiotic applications on systemic health particularly gastro-intestinal, the impact of probiotics on oral health is relatively new with lots of research going on; the area of probiotics and periodontal disease is still in its infancy. The present article summarizes the role of probiotics in periodontal health and disease and its effectiveness in periodontal therapy.

scholarly journals Can Periodontal disease affect conception? A literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Saverio Ludovichetti ◽  
Anna Giulia Signoriello ◽  
Edoardo Alvise Gobbato ◽  
Anna Artuso ◽  
Edoardo Stellini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Systemic Dissemination ◽  
Systemic Health

Periodontal health is today conceived as an integral part of systemic health itself and no longer as a single factor. Literature recognizes that the presence of periodontal disease can represent a risk factor for numerous systemic conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. In recent years we have witnessed a progressive interest regarding the influence exerted by this condition on the reproductive sphere, as well as on the possible repercussions on the conception possibilities. Following the analysis of the limited number of studies available for the correlation between periodontal disease and female infertility, it could be inferred that this condition can be equated to the presence of a real outbreak of infection and therefore exert its influence not only through bacterial translocation in the bloodstream, causing the systemic dissemination of pathogens, but also through the production of cytokines and immunoglobulins by inflammatory mediators. This situation limits bacteria growth, but it could cause damage to the fetus, to the reproductive system, and could invalidate conception attempts. Although many other studies and research are needed to better clarify the mechanism underlying the possible correlation between periodontal disease and female infertility, this article aims to review all the available literature concerning this topic.

scholarly journals Porphyromonas gingivalis and its impact on periodontal health and systemic diseases. A concise review.

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Pablo Jasma ◽  
Patricio Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Concise Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Cells ◽  
Systemic Health

Periodontitis is defined as a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease, associated to a dysbiotic biofilm and characterized by the progressive destruction of the periodontal attachment. Clinical studies have revealed the presence of 10 to 15 bacterial species that are potential periodontal pathogens in adults. From these, the most cited are Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Tannerella forsythia. The aim of this article is to review P. gingivalis’ characteristics and impact on periodontal and systemic health. Different studies have reported a relation between the presence of P. gingivalis and periodontal disease. P. gingivalis was one of the most frequently detected species in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. This is due to its unique ability to avoid the host’s immune response and contribute to the development of the destructive process. P. gingivalis, although only present in low frequency, is pathogenic because of its ability to induce dysbiotic microbial communities. There is more evidence that P. gingivalis might invade cardiovascular cells and tissues causing inflammation. It has been suggested that NLRP3 inflammasome plays a key role in the development of vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. The repeated exposure to P. gingivalis, produces neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and formation of intra and extracellular amyloid plaques, which are pathognomonic signs of Alzheimer’s disease.

Biological Aging and Periodontal Disease: Analysis of NHANES (2001–2002)

2021 ◽  
pp. 238008442199581
Author(s):  
L.M. Nguyen ◽  
J.J. Chon ◽  
E.E. Kim ◽  
J.C. Cheng ◽  
J.L. Ebersole
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Race Ethnicity

Introduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by multiple potential contributing factors such as bacterial biofilm infection of the tissues surrounding the teeth and environmental determinants and a dysregulated host response for modifying and resolving the inflammation. Because periodontal disease is a major public health concern with substantial increases in the prevalence and severity in aging populations, previous studies of periodontitis tended to approach the disease as an age-associated outcome across the life span. However, few investigations have considered that, as a chronic noncommunicable disease, periodontitis may not simply be a disease that increases with age but may contribute to more rapid biologic aging. Objectives: Increasing population data supports the potential disconnect between chronological aging and biologic aging, which would contribute to the heterogeneity of aging phenotypes within chronologic ages across populations. Thus, our aim was to test whether periodontal disease affects biological aging across the life span. Methods: The prevalence of periodontitis in the adult US population is a portion of the assessment of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which has been ongoing since 1971 through 2-y cycles sampling populations across the country. We used NHANES 2001–2002 to test the hypothesis that the presence/severity of periodontal disease as an exposure variable would negatively affect telomere length, a measure of biological aging, and that this relationship is modified by factors that also affect the progression of periodontitis, such as sex, race/ethnicity, and smoking. Results: The data demonstrated a significant impact of periodontitis on decreasing telomere lengths across the life span. These differences were modulated by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and smoking within the population. Conclusion: The findings lay the groundwork for future studies documenting broader effects on biological aging parameters as well as potential intervention strategies for periodontitis in driving unhealthy aging processes. Knowledge Transfer Statement: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease and dysregulated host response. Shortening of telomeres is a reflection of biologic aging. Decreased telomere lengths with periodontitis are seemingly related to chronic infection and persistent local and systemic inflammation. These findings suggest that periodontitis is not simply a disease of aging but may also transmit chronic systemic signals that could affect more rapid biological aging. Clinicians can use this outcome to recognize the role of periodontitis in driving unhealthy aging processes in patients.

scholarly journals The possible Connection of periodontal diseases (PD) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and prostatitis in sample of Iraqi patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Jasim M. Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Systemic Health

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation that effect the tissue that surround and support the teeth, and this is prevalent cause of teeth loss in adults while prostatitis is a comparatively common issue affecting about 12 percent of men, and it’s the most common prostate-related health issue in men under age fifty. Researches showed that the heart diseases spread in the persons that have periodontitis about 25-50{df6391716bcab23f197eab8ba5a452daee5812a1941604c42f67c7803ea6be47} higher than healthy persons. Recent studies have connected periodontal disease with plenty of systemic health risks, including heart disease and prostatitis but their results were varied. The recent study aimed to explore the linking of gum diseases with heart diseases and prostate inflammations. In total, 150 serum samples of four age groups of participants distributed as 100 (66.7{df6391716bcab23f197eab8ba5a452daee5812a1941604c42f67c7803ea6be47}) samples of patients with periodontitis and other 50 (33.3{df6391716bcab23f197eab8ba5a452daee5812a1941604c42f67c7803ea6be47}) samples of control, All patients were attending to Ibn al-Bitar hospital, teaching laboratories – Medical city and Specialized Dental Center/AL-Alwiya and the diagnosis of all cases based up on patients medical history that evaluated by qualified physicians and some other laboratory investigations. As (38.0{df6391716bcab23f197eab8ba5a452daee5812a1941604c42f67c7803ea6be47}) patients with heart diseases history and (58.6{df6391716bcab23f197eab8ba5a452daee5812a1941604c42f67c7803ea6be47}) patients with prostatitis. Sample were analyzed for Triglycerides, Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and CRP levels. The abnormal Triglycerides level estimated by (37.3{df6391716bcab23f197eab8ba5a452daee5812a1941604c42f67c7803ea6be47}), while the elevated level of (PSA) was determined by (40.0{df6391716bcab23f197eab8ba5a452daee5812a1941604c42f67c7803ea6be47}). Furthermore, the prevalence of CRP seropositivity in individuals increased by (43.3{df6391716bcab23f197eab8ba5a452daee5812a1941604c42f67c7803ea6be47}). The incidence of periodontal disease (PD) was paralleled with the positivity of tested biochemical markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) history and prostatitis respectively with high significant differences (P= 0.000). Finally, there is significant connection of PD with CVD and prostatitis, but further studies are needed, and the outcomes of this study have limitations, also the current finding encourages to review a large sample size with different age groups in order to clarify this issue.

scholarly journals Influence of Gestational Hormones on the Bacteria-Induced Cytokine Response in Periodontitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Betsaida J. Ortiz-Sánchez ◽  
Martha Legorreta-Herrera ◽  
Miriam Rodriguez-Sosa
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Bacterial Biofilm ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Microbial Change ◽  
The Relationship

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting structures of teeth. The presence of a bacterial biofilm initiates a destructive inflammatory process orchestrated by various inflammatory mediators, most notably proinflammatory cytokines, which are upregulated in the gingival crevicular fluid, leading to the formation of periodontal pockets. This represents a well-characterized microbial change during the transition from periodontal health to periodontitis; interestingly, the gestational condition increases the risk and severity of periodontal disease. Although the influence of periodontitis on pregnancy has been extensively reviewed, the relationship between pregnancy and the development/evolution of periodontitis has been little studied compared to the effect of periodontitis on adverse pregnancy outcomes. This review is aimed at summarizing the findings on the pregnancy-proinflammatory cytokine relationship and discussing its possible involvement in the development of periodontitis. We address (1) an overview of periodontal disease, (2) the immune response and possible involvement of proinflammatory cytokines in the development of periodontitis, (3) how bone tissue remodelling takes place with an emphasis on the involvement of the inflammatory response and metalloproteinases during periodontitis, and (4) the influence of hormonal profile during pregnancy on the development of periodontitis. Finally, we believe this review may be helpful for designing immunotherapies based on the stage of pregnancy to control the severity and pathology of periodontal disease.

scholarly journals The Effect of Proximal Cleaning Devices on Periodontal Status in Korean Adults between 2016 and 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2116
Author(s):  
Eun-Jeong Kim ◽  
Su-Jin Han
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Dental Floss ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Interdental Brush

Removal of the biofilm from the proximal space is essential for preventing periodontal disease. This study aimed to prove the association between the use of proximal cleaning devices, such as dental floss and interdental brushes, and periodontal health among nationally representative Korean adults. Data collected from the 7th National Health Nutrition Survey (KNHANES VII: 2016–2018) were used for this purpose. A total of 11,359 participants aged 19 years or older who participated in KNHANES were reviewed. The response variable was the prevalence of high CPI (CPI of 3–4), and the explanatory variables were dental floss and interdental brush. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for potential confounding factors and to analyze the association between periodontal disease and proximal cleaning devices. It was found that 63.1% of the participants did not use proximal cleaning devices at all, 17.5% used dental floss alone, 11.9% used an interdental brush, and 7.5% used both. Subjects who used both dental floss and interdental brush had a high CPI rate nearly half that of all the models for those who did not. In particular, for those using dental floss, the aOR of high CPI was 0.681 in Model 1, 0.714 in Model 2, and 0.737 in Model 3. Dental hygiene products for cleaning the proximal space, such as dental floss, are essential for removing the dental biofilm as a basic tool along with toothbrushes. Teaching and explaining the need to use these devices well are important for oral health care and maintenance.

scholarly journals The burden of periodontal disease

Dental Update ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. 907-913
Author(s):  
Kasim Butt ◽  
Razia Butt ◽  
Praveen Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
The Uk

Periodontal disease is the most common chronic inflammatory disease seen in humans. It is a major public health concern, and in its severe form affects approximately 10.8% or 743 million people aged 15−99 worldwide. Trends such as the rise of smoking in developing countries, the obesity and diabetes epidemic, coupled with an ageing population with greater tooth retention, are all likely to increase the burden of periodontitis still further in the UK and worldwide. Consequences of periodontitis include hypermobility of teeth, tooth migration, drifting and eventual tooth loss. Tooth loss can directly affect the quality of life of a person in terms of reduced functional capacity, self-esteem and social relationships. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article reports the prevalence of periodontal disease in the UK and worldwide, along with the consequences of periodontitis. The importance of timely diagnosis to avoid litigation is discussed, as is the importance of effective management of periodontitis in order to improve patients' oral health-related quality of life.

scholarly journals Dietary Fiber, Atherosclerosis, and Cardiovascular Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghada A. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time

Observational studies have shown that dietary fiber intake is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary fiber is a non-digestible form of carbohydrates, due to the lack of the digestive enzyme in humans required to digest fiber. Dietary fibers and lignin are intrinsic to plants and are classified according to their water solubility properties as either soluble or insoluble fibers. Water-soluble fibers include pectin, gums, mucilage, fructans, and some resistant starches. They are present in some fruits, vegetables, oats, and barley. Soluble fibers have been shown to lower blood cholesterol by several mechanisms. On the other hand, water-insoluble fibers mainly include lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose; whole-grain foods, bran, nuts, and seeds are rich in these fibers. Water-insoluble fibers have rapid gastric emptying, and as such may decrease the intestinal transit time and increase fecal bulk, thus promoting digestive regularity. In addition to dietary fiber, isolated and extracted fibers are known as functional fiber and have been shown to induce beneficial health effects when added to food during processing. The recommended daily allowances (RDAs) for total fiber intake for men and women aged 19–50 are 38 gram/day and 25 gram/day, respectively. It is worth noting that the RDA recommendations are for healthy people and do not apply to individuals with some chronic diseases. Studies have shown that most Americans do not consume the recommended intake of fiber. This review will summarize the current knowledge regarding dietary fiber, sources of food containing fiber, atherosclerosis, and heart disease risk reduction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document