scholarly journals Involvement of Salicylic Acid and Other Phenolic Compounds in Light-Dependent Cold Acclimation in Maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Pál ◽  
Tibor Janda ◽  
Imre Majláth ◽  
Gabriella Szalai
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Microarray Experiment ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Cold Sensitive ◽  
Maize Plants

The exposure of plants to non-lethal low temperatures may increase their tolerance to a subsequent severe chilling stress. To some extent, this is also true for cold-sensitive species, including maize. In the present work, based on our previous microarray experiment, the differentially expressed genes with phenylpropanoid pathways in the focus were further investigated in relation to changes in certain phenolic compounds and other plant growth regulators. Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) was mainly activated under limited light conditions. However, light-induced anthocyanin accumulation occurred both in the leaves and roots. Chilling stress induced the accumulation of salicylic acid (SA), but this accumulation was moderated in the cold-acclimated plants. Acclimation also reduced the accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) in the leaves, which was rather induced in the roots. The level of abscisic acid (ABA) is mainly related to the level of the stress, and less indicated the level of the acclimation. The highest glutathione (GSH) amount was observed during the recovery period in the leaves of plants that were cold acclimated at growth light, while their precursors started to accumulate GSH even during the chilling. In conclusion, different light conditions during the cold acclimation period differentially affected certain stress-related mechanisms in young maize plants and changes were also light-dependent in the root, not only in the leaves.

scholarly journals Cold induced changes on sugar contents and respiratory enzyme activities in coffee genotypes

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Luiz Partelli ◽  
Henrique Duarte Vieira ◽  
Ana Paula Dias Rodrigues ◽  
Isabel Pais ◽  
Eliemar Campostrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Correct Selection ◽  
Respiratory Enzymes ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Acclimation Period ◽  
Cold Sensitive ◽  
One Year

The present research aimed to characterize some biochemical responses of Coffea canephora (clones 02 and 153) and C. arabica (Catucaí IPR 102) genotypes subjected to low positive temperatures, helping to elucidate the mechanisms involved in cold tolerance. For that, one year old plants were subjected successively to 1) a temperature decrease (0.5°C a day) from 25/20°C to 13/8°C (acclimation period), 2) a three day chilling cycle (3x13/4°C) and to 3) a recovery period of 14 days (25/20°C). In Catucaí (less cold sensitive when compared to clone 02) there was an increased activity in the respiratory enzymes malate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase. Furthermore, Catucaí showed significant increases along the cold imposition and the higher absolute values after chilling exposure of the soluble sugars (sucrose, glucose, fructose, raffinose, arabinose and mannitol) that are frequently involved in osmoregulation and membrane stabilization/protection. The analysis of respiratory enzymes and of soluble sugar balance may give valuable information about the cold acclimation/tolerance mechanisms, contributing to a correct selection and breeding of Coffea sp. genotypes.

scholarly journals Salicylic Acid Is Involved in Rootstock–Scion Communication in Improving the Chilling Tolerance of Grafted Cucumber

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Fu ◽  
Yi-Qing Feng ◽  
Xiao-Wei Zhang ◽  
Yan-Yan Zhang ◽  
Huan-Gai Bi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Chilling Tolerance ◽  
Rubisco Activase ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Cold Sensitive

Salicylic acid (SA) has been proven to be a multifunctional signaling molecule that participates in the response of plants to abiotic stresses. In this study, we used cold-sensitive cucumber and cold-tolerant pumpkin as experimental materials to examine the roles of SA in root–shoot communication responses to aerial or/and root-zone chilling stress in own-root and hetero-root grafted cucumber and pumpkin plants. The results showed that pumpkin (Cm) rootstock enhanced the chilling tolerance of grafted cucumber, as evidenced by the observed lower levels of electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA), and higher photosynthetic rate (Pn) and gene expression of Rubisco activase (RCA). However, cucumber (Cs) rootstock decreased the chilling tolerance of grafted pumpkins. Cs/Cm plants showed an increase in the mRNA expression of C-repeat-binding factor (CBF1), an inducer of CBF expression (ICE1), and cold-responsive (COR47) genes and CBF1 protein levels in leaves under 5/25 and 5/5°C stresses, or in roots under 25/5 and 5/5°C stresses, respectively, compared with the Cs/Cs. Chilling stress increased the endogenous SA content and the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and the increase in SA content and activity of PAL in Cs/Cm plants was much higher than in Cs/Cs plants. Transcription profiling analysis revealed the key genes of SA biosynthesis, PAL, ICS, and SABP2 were upregulated, while SAMT, the key gene of SA degradation, was downregulated in Cs/Cm leaves, compared with Cs/Cs leaves under chilling stress. The accumulation of SA in the Cs/Cm leaves was mainly attributed to an increase in SA biosynthesis in leaves and that in transport from roots under aerial and root-zone chilling stress, respectively. In addition, exogenous SA significantly upregulated the expression level of cold-responsive (COR) genes, enhanced actual photochemical efficiency (ΦPSII), maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and Pn, while decreased EL, MDA, and CI in grafted cucumber. These results suggest that SA is involved in rootstock–scion communication and grafting-induced chilling tolerance by upregulating the expression of COR genes in cucumber plants under chilling stress.

scholarly journals Exogenous Salicylic Acid Improves Chilling Tolerance in Maize Seedlings by Improving Plant Growth and Physiological Characteristics

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1341
Author(s):  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Dongmei Li ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
Xiangyu Song ◽  
Yingbo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Physiological Characteristics ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Chilling Resistance ◽  
Cold Tolerant ◽  
Cold Sensitive

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a chilling-sensitive plant. Chilling stress in the early seedling stage seriously limits the growth, development, productivity and geographic distribution of maize. Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant growth regulator involved in the defenses against abiotic and biotic stresses as well as in plant development. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying the effects of foliar applied SA on different maize inbred lines under chilling stress are unclear. Two inbred lines, cold-sensitive cv. C546 and cold-tolerant cv. B125, were used to study the effects of SA on the growth and physiology of maize seedlings. The results showed that the application of SA at 50 mg/L on the leaves of maize seedlings under 4 °C decreased the relative electrolyte conductivity (REC) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) (H2O2 and O2−) content due to increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity; SA also improved photosynthesis in the seedlings through increased chlorophyll content, enhanced Pn and Gs, and decreased Ci. SA application also increased the proline content and the relative water content (RWC) in the maize seedlings, thereby improving their osmotic adjustment capacity. The increase rate caused by SA of plant height and dry weight in C546 were 10.5% and 5.4% higher than that in B125 under 4 °C. In conclusion, SA promotes maize seedling growth and physiological characteristics, thus enhancing chilling resistance and the effect of SA on the chilling resistance of cold-sensitive cv. was stronger than that on cold-tolerant cv. at the low temperature.

Acetyl salicylic acid alleviates chilling-induced damage in muskmelon seedlings

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Korkmaz ◽  
Murat Uzunlu ◽  
Ali Riza Demirkiran
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Acetyl Salicylic Acid ◽  
Signal Molecule ◽  
Stress Indicator ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Salicylic acid (SA) is a common plant-produced signal molecule that is responsible for inducing tolerance to a number of biotic and abiotic stresses. An experiment was, therefore, conducted to test whether acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) application at various concentrations through seed immersion or foliar spray would protect muskmelon [Cucumis melo L. (Reticulatus Group)] seedlings subjected to chilling stress. Twenty-one-day-old plants pre-treated with ASA (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.50 or 1.0 mM) were subjected to chilling stress for 72 h at 3 ± 0.5°C. ASA, applied either through seed immersion or foliar spray, was effective within the range of 0.1 to 1 mM in inducing tolerance to chilling stress in muskmelon seedlings; however, there was no significant difference between application methods. ASA significantly and curvilinearly affected all seedling growth and stress indicator variables tested except shoot dry weight. The best protection was obtained from seedlings pre-treated with 0.5 mM ASA. The highest ASA concentration used was slightly less effective in providing chilling stress protection. Even though both methods provided similar means of protection, due to its simplicity and practicality, immersion of muskmelon seeds prior to sowing in 0.5 mM ASA would be a more desirable method to induce tolerance to chilling stress. Key words: Cucumis melo, aspirin, chilling stress tolerance, gas exchange, electrolyte leakage

Preharvest salicylic acid treatments improve phenolic compounds and biogenic amines in ‘Niagara Rosada’ table grape

2021 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 111505
Author(s):  
Estevão Perin Gomes ◽  
Cristine Vanz Borges ◽  
Gean Charles Monteiro ◽  
Matheus Antonio Filiol Belin ◽  
Igor Otavio Minatel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Table Grape ◽  
Niagara Rosada ◽  
Acid Treatments

scholarly journals Photosynthetic performance of young maize (Zea mays L.) plants exposed to chilling stress can be improved by the application of protein hydrolysates

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rositsa Cholakova-Bimbalova ◽  
Veselin Petrov ◽  
Andon Vassilev
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Maize Plants

Biostimulants offer a novel approach for the regulation of crucial physiological processes in plants. Recently, it has been observed that the application of biostimulants on both seeds and plants may ameliorate to some extent the negative effects of abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, salinity, and others. In the climate conditions of Bulgaria, the early developmental stages of warm climate crops, like maize, often occur under suboptimal temperatures. Although the mitigation of abiotic stress is perhaps the most frequently cited benefit of biostimulant formulations, little is known about their influence on chilling-stressed plants. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of a biostimulant from the group of protein hydrolysates on both the growth and the photosynthetic performance of chilling-exposed young maize plants grown in controlled environment. Here, we report that application of a protein hydrolysate increased the performance of chilled maize plants, as demonstrated by leaf gas exchange, photosynthetic pigment content, and chlorophyll fluorescence, but did not affect their growth. Nevertheless, based on the better preserved photosynthetic performance of the biostimulant-treated maize plants exposed to chilling, we assume that under subsequent favorable conditions their growth would recover more quickly as compared to the untreated ones.

scholarly journals Maize plants can enter a standby mode to cope with chilling stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laëtitia Riva-Roveda ◽  
Brigitte Escale ◽  
Catherine Giauffret ◽  
Claire Périlleux
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Stress ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Standby Mode

scholarly journals Effect of Exogenous Salicylic Acid on the Physiological and Biochemical Processes of Ligustrum lucidum during Natural Cold Acclimation

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-864
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Runfang Zhang ◽  
Pingsheng Leng ◽  
Zenghui Hu ◽  
Man Shen
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Freezing Injury ◽  
Ligustrum Lucidum ◽  
Glossy Privet ◽  
Exogenous Salicylic Acid ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

The evergreen Ligustrum lucidum (glossy privet) suffers from freezing injury in northern China, where there are short growing seasons and early fall frost events. To investigate the influence of exogenous salicylic acid (SA) application on the natural cold acclimation of glossy privet, physiological and biochemical changes in glossy privet seedlings subjected to SA treatments at four concentrations (0, 150, 250, and 350 mg·L−1) were evaluated from Sept. to Dec. 2016. The optimum application concentrations were between 250 and 350 mg·L−1, which led to better freezing tolerance during natural cold acclimation. The improved freezing tolerance under exogenous SA application was associated with the accumulation of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar, and the regulations of gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA). Salicylic acid treatments started a cascade of steps for advancing the cold acclimation process of glossy privet. We suggest that exogenous SA application may be used on glossy privet grown in northern China.

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