scholarly journals Expression, Distribution and Role of Aquaporins in Various Rhinologic Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5853
Author(s):  
Su Young Jung ◽  
Dong Choon Park ◽  
Sung Su Kim ◽  
Seung Geun Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Membrane Channel ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Specific Membrane

Aquaporins (AQPs) are water-specific membrane channel proteins that regulate cellular and organismal water homeostasis. The nose, an organ with important respiratory and olfactory functions, is the first organ exposed to external stimuli. Nose-related topics such as allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) have been the subject of extensive research. These studies have reported that mechanisms that drive the development of multiple inflammatory diseases that occur in the nose and contribute to the process of olfactory recognition of compounds entering the nasal cavity involve the action of water channels such as AQPs. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between AQPs and rhinologic conditions, focusing on the current state of knowledge and mechanisms that link AQPs and rhinologic conditions. Key conclusions include the following: (1) Various AQPs are expressed in both nasal mucosa and olfactory mucosa; (2) the expression of AQPs in these tissues is different in inflammatory diseases such as AR or CRS, as compared with that in normal tissues; (3) the expression of AQPs in CRS differs depending on the presence or absence of nasal polyps; and (4) the expression of AQPs in tissues associated with olfaction is different from that in the respiratory epithelium.

scholarly journals Impact of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4121
Author(s):  
Su Young Jung ◽  
Sung Su Kim ◽  
Seung Geun Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Current State ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Normal Cellular Function

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important organelle for normal cellular function and homeostasis in most living things. ER stress, which impairs ER function, occurs when the ER is overwhelmed by newly introduced immature proteins or when calcium in the ER is depleted. A number of diseases are associated with ER stress, including otorhinolaryngological diseases. The relationship between ER stress and otorhinolaryngologic conditions has been the subject of investigation over the last decade. Among otologic diseases associated with ER stress are otitis media and hearing loss. In rhinologic diseases, chronic rhinosinusitis, allergic rhinitis, and obstructive sleep apnea are also significantly associated with ER stress. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the relationship between ER stress and otorhinolaryngological diseases, focusing on the current state of knowledge and mechanisms that link ER stress and otorhinolaryngologic diseases.

Living with Barren Truths: A Tale of Triumphalism and Tribulations of a Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 097168582110159
Author(s):  
Sital Mohanty ◽  
Subhasis Sahoo ◽  
Pranay Kumar Swain
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Fact ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Science, technology and human values have been the subject of enquiry in the last few years for social scientists and eventually the relationship between science and gender is the subject of an ongoing debate. This is due to the event of globalization which led to the exponential growth of new technologies like assisted reproductive technology (ART). ART, one of the most iconic technological innovations of the twentieth century, has become increasingly a normal social fact of life. Since ART invades multiple human discourses—thereby transforming culture, society and politics—it is important what is sociological about ART as well as what is biological. This article argues in commendation of sociology of technology, which is alert to its democratic potential but does not concurrently conceal the historical and continuing role of technology in legitimizing gender discrimination. The article draws the empirical insights from local articulations (i.e., Odisha state in eastern India) for the understandings of motherhood, freedom and choice, reproductive right and rights over the body to which ART has contributed. Sociologically, the article has been supplemented within the broader perspectives of determinism, compatibilism alongside feminism.

scholarly journals Calculators as Facilitators of Understanding Computational and Mathematical Contexts

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-183
Author(s):  
Jan Guncaga ◽  
Lilla Korenova ◽  
Jozef Hvorecky
Keyword(s):  
Soft Skills ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Learning To Learn ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractLearning is a complex phenomenon. Contemporary theories of education underline active participation of learners in their learning processes. One of the key arguments supporting this approach is the learner’s simultaneous and unconscious development of their ability of “learning to learn”. This ability belongs to the soft skills highly valued by employers today.For Mathematics Education, it means that teachers have to go beyond making calculations and memorizing formulas. We have to teach the subject in its social context. When the students start understanding the relationship between real-life problems and the role of numbers and formulas for their solutions, their learning becomes a part of their tacit knowledge. Below we explain the theoretical background of our approach and provide examples of such activities.

scholarly journals Tocopherols and Tocotrienols—Bioactive Dietary Compounds; What Is Certain, What Is Doubt?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6222
Author(s):  
Kacper Szewczyk ◽  
Aleksandra Chojnacka ◽  
Magdalena Górnicka
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Tissue Concentration ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Role ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

Tocopherols and tocotrienols are natural compounds of plant origin, available in the nature. They are supplied in various amounts in a diet, mainly from vegetable oils, some oilseeds, and nuts. The main forms in the diet are α- and γ-tocopherol, due to the highest content in food products. Nevertheless, α-tocopherol is the main form of vitamin E with the highest tissue concentration. The α- forms of both tocopherols and tocotrienols are considered as the most metabolically active. Currently, research results indicate also a greater antioxidant potential of tocotrienols than tocopherols. Moreover, the biological role of vitamin E metabolites have received increasing interest. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of tocopherol and tocotrienol bioactivity, with a particular focus on their bioavailability, distribution, and metabolism determinants in humans. Almost one hundred years after the start of research on α-tocopherol, its biological properties are still under investigation. For several decades, researchers’ interest in the biological importance of other forms of vitamin E has also been growing. Some of the functions, for instance the antioxidant functions of α- and γ-tocopherols, have been confirmed in humans, while others, such as the relationship with metabolic disorders, are still under investigation. Some studies, which analyzed the biological role and mechanisms of tocopherols and tocotrienols over the past few years described new and even unexpected cellular and molecular properties that will be the subject of future research.

New Agendas for Special Education Policy: What the National Reports Haven't Said

1987 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen Pugach ◽  
Mara Sapon-Shevin
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Educational Reform ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Special Education Policy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The calls for educational reform that have dominated the professional and lay literature for the past few years have been decidedly silent in discussing the role of special education either as a contributor or a solution to the problems being raised. As an introduction to this “Special Focus” on the relationship between general educational reform and special education, this article summarizes some of the more prominent reports with regard to their treatment (and nontreatment) of special education. The impact of proposed reforms for the conceptualization and operation of special education is the subject of the five articles that follow.

scholarly journals Novel Parameterized Distance Measures on Hesitant Fuzzy Sets with Credibility Degree and Their Application in Decision-Making

Symmetry ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaru Li ◽  
Fangwei Zhang ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Janney Yee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Cardinal Number ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Distance Measures ◽  
Hesitant Fuzzy Set ◽  
Hesitant Fuzzy Sets ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

The subject of this study is to explore the role of cardinality of hesitant fuzzy element (HFE) in distance measures on hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs). Firstly, three parameters, i.e., credibility factor, conservative factor, and a risk factor are introduced, thereafter, a series of novel distance measures on HFSs are proposed using these three parameters. These newly proposed distance measures handle the relationship between the cardinal number and the element values of hesitant fuzzy set well, and are suitable to combine subjective and objective decision-making information. When using these functions, decision makers with different risk preferences are allowed to give different values for these three parameters. In particular, this study transfers the hesitance degree index to a credibility of the values in HFEs, which is consistent with people’s intuition. Finally, the practicability of the newly proposed distance measures is verified by two examples.

scholarly journals PSMA targeting in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: where are we and where are we going?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175883592110538
Author(s):  
Anne-Laure Giraudet ◽  
David Kryza ◽  
Michael Hofman ◽  
Aurélie Moreau ◽  
Karim Fizazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Specific Membrane Antigen ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer Treatment ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Drug Conjugates ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Current State ◽  
Important Addition ◽  
Specific Membrane

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is highly expressed on the membrane of most prostate cancer cells and to a lesser extent in normal tissues. Many vectors targeting this protein have been created over the past decade and numerous clinical studies have positively demonstrated the tolerance and efficacy of radiolabeled prostate-specific membrane antigen ligands for PSMA radioligand therapy (PRLT). Preliminary results are encouraging that PRLT will become an important addition to the current therapeutic options in a number of settings. Improvement in radiopharmaceutical targeting and combination with other oncological agents are under investigation to further improve its therapeutic efficacy. These encouraging results have led to the development of other therapies using PSMA as a target, such as PSMA–targeted chimeric antigen receptor T-cells, PSMA–targeted antibody drug conjugates, and PSMA–targeted bi-specific T-cell-directed therapy. This narrative review details the current state and advancements in prostate-specific membrane antigen targeting in prostate cancer treatment.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Age and Happiness Varies by Income

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimiter Toshkov
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Old Age ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe link between age and happiness has been the subject of numerous studies. It is still a matter of controversy whether the relationship is U-shaped, with happiness declining after youth before bouncing back in old age, or not. While the effect of age has been examined conditional on income and other socio-demographic variables, so far, the interactions between age and income have remained insufficiently explored. Using data from the European Social Survey, this article shows that the nature of the relationship between age and happiness varies strongly with different levels of relative income. People in the lowest decile of the income distribution experience a ‘hockey stick’: a deep decline in self-reported happiness until around age 50–55 and a small bounce back in old age. The classic U-curve is found mostly in the middle-income ranks. For people at the top of the income distribution, average happiness does not vary much with age. These results demonstrate the important role of income in moderating the relationship between age and happiness.

scholarly journals Financial leasing as financial and credit support for investment activities of enterprises

2018 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Tetiana Vasylieva ◽  
Liudmyla Zakharkina ◽  
Oleksii Zakharkin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Credit Market ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Financial Leasing ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Scientific Rationale

The purpose of the article is to provide scientific rationale of the place and role of financial leasing in financial and credit support for investment activities of enterprises. The subject matter of the research includes various aspects of the current state of financial leasing and ways of its advancement in Ukraine. The article provides an analysis of investment activities based on the volume of investments in Ukraine and determines the role of financial leasing as a funding for investment resources of enterprises. The paper also examines the legal and regulatory framework for financial leasing operations and highlights different interpretations of this form of financing as well as its formal indicators. An analysis of statistical data on the financial and credit market provides important insights into trends of financial leasing contracts and the volume of loans issued to corporate borrowers, and thus makes it possible to conclude that there is a lack of leasing operations in business activities of entities. The point is mainly supported by the fact that financial leasing contracts which have been made lately are not widespread enough after the crisis in 2014. The dynamics of changes in the volume of leasing contracts by dates of signing is considered, and it is found that there is a tendency to shortening the duration of financial leasing services. An industry factor of providing financial leasing services is taken into consideration and the main industries where these services are widespread are described. The existing approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of leasing contracts are systematized. The key challenges that hinder the growth of leasing in Ukraine are identified. The research methods used in the article include: analysis, synthesis and abstraction (for forming the rationale and developing the terminological and conceptual framework of the study); comparison, systematization and logical generalization (for examining the concept of financial leasing, its legal regulation and specific features of using in Ukraine); statistical, structural and comparative analysis (for exploring ways of advancement of financial leasing in Ukraine).

scholarly journals Från studerande i pedagogik till forskningsledare i utbildningsvetenskap

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 137-157
Author(s):  
Christina Gustafsson
Keyword(s):  
Educational Science ◽  
Student Groups ◽  
Third Stream ◽  
Critical Skills ◽  
Teacher Researcher ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Administrator Role ◽  
Scientific Achievements

The first part of the article reports a few daily reflections from my last years of work focusing the teacher role, the researcher role, the administrator role and the role of the teacher/researcher in third stream activities. The progress can be summarized quite negatively - less time dedicated to heterogeneous student groups, changing opportunities to achieve analytical and critical skills, increased governance in scientific achievements, reduced collegial "power" and reduced interest to be engaged in third stream activities. The second part of the article is about the relationship between education/pedagogy, didactics/curriculum studies and educational science. Didactics was discussed as part of improving research basis for prospective and active teachers. One conclusion is that more than fifteen years of discussion hardly favored the subject of education, but highlighted the importance of subject didactics. Another conclusion is that neither the introduction of educational science became the solution to research appeals for teachers and teacher education as originally thought. Accordingly, more than thirty years of discussion first about finding the relationship between pedagogy and didactics and then to clarify the relationship to educational science has hardly led to any illumination regarding the boundaries of the subject of education.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document