scholarly journals Loss of DIAPH3, a Formin Family Protein, Leads to Cytokinetic Failure Only under High Temperature Conditions in Mouse FM3A Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8493
Author(s):  
Hiroki Kazama ◽  
Shu-ichiro Kashiwaba ◽  
Sayaka Ishii ◽  
Keiko Yoshida ◽  
Yuta Yatsuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Temperature Environment ◽  
Ts Mutant

Cell division is essential for the maintenance of life and involves chromosome segregation and subsequent cytokinesis. The processes are tightly regulated at both the spatial and temporal level by various genes, and failures in this regulation are associated with oncogenesis. Here, we investigated the gene responsible for defects in cell division by using murine temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant strains, tsFT101 and tsFT50 cells. The ts mutants normally grow in a low temperature environment (32 °C) but fail to divide in a high temperature environment (39 °C). Exome sequencing and over-expression analyses identified Diaph3, a member of the formin family, as the cause of the temperature sensitivity observed in tsFT101 and tsFT50 cells. Interestingly, Diaph3 knockout cells showed abnormality in cytokinesis at 39 °C, and the phenotype was rescued by re-expression of Diaph3 WT, but not Diaph1 and Diaph2, other members of the formin family. Furthermore, Diaph3 knockout cells cultured at 39 °C showed a significant increase in the level of acetylated α-tubulin, an index of stabilized microtubules, and the level was reduced by Diaph3 expression. These results suggest that Diaph3 is required for cytokinesis only under high temperature conditions. Therefore, our study provides a new insight into the mechanisms by which regulatory factors of cell division function in a temperature-dependent manner.

scholarly journals The Interactive Effects of Daytime High Temperature and Humidity on Growth and Endogenous Hormone Concentration of Tomato Seedlings

HortScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1575-1583
Author(s):  
Yanjiao Zheng ◽  
Zaiqiang Yang ◽  
Chao Xu ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Haijing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Tomato Seedling ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Temperature Environment ◽  
Tomato Growth

High temperature and high relative humidity (RH) are one of the most serious agricultural meteorological disasters that limit the production capacity of agricultural facilities. However, little information is available on the precise interaction between these factors on tomato growth. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of high temperature under different RH levels on tomato growth and endogenous hormones and to determine the optimal RH for tomato seedling growth under high temperature environment. Two high temperature (38/18 °C, 41/18 °C) and three relative humidity (50 ± 5%, 70 ± 5%, 90 ± 5%) orthogonal experiments were conducted, with 28/18 °C, 50 ± 5% (CK) as control. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation of tomato plants under high temperature environment was significantly lower than that of CK. At 38 °C, the dry matter accumulation with 70% relative humidity was not significantly different from that of CK; at 41 °C, dry matter accumulation with 70% and 90% relative air humidity was significantly greater than that of 50%. The concentrations of soluble sugar and free amino acids in all organs in high temperature-treated plants were significantly higher than that in CK. As relative humidity increased, soluble sugar concentrations of each organ decreased, and the free amino acid concentrations increased. Cytokinin (ZT) and indole acetic acid (IAA) concentrations in tomato buds were significantly lower than in CK under high temperature conditions. The lower the RH, the lower the content of ZT and IAA. The gibberellin (GA3) and abscisic acid (ABA) concentrations were higher than in CK under high temperatures. GA3 concentrations decreased and ABA concentrations were augmented with increased humidity. The differences of tomato seedling growth indices and apical bud endogenous hormone concentrations between RHs under high temperature conditions were significant. Raising RH to 70% or higher under high temperature conditions could be beneficial to the growth of tomato plants. The results contribute to a better understanding of the interactions between microclimate parameters inside a Venlo-type glass greenhouse environment, in a specific climate condition, and their effects on the growth of tomato.

The Effects of Hyperthermia On Platelet Physiology.

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 2422-2422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanwei Shi ◽  
Zhicheng Wang ◽  
Rong Yan ◽  
Juan Du ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Platelet Glycoprotein ◽  
Pathological Feature ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Platelet Apoptosis

Abstract Abstract 2422 Poster Board II-399 Introduction: In some patients with fever or hyperthermia, hemorrhage is a significant pathological feature, which incurs severe or even fatal consequence. Although the mechanisms of hemorrhage in patients with hyperthermia or fever have been though to be complex, whether there is an association between hemorrhage and hyperthermia or fever is not well understood. Platelets play a central role in maintaining integrity of endothelium and biological hemostasis. Platelet count obviously reduces in most of patients with dengue fever or heatstroke, and reduced platelet aggregations have been found in patients with hemorrhage fever, raising the possibility that fever or hyperthermia incurs reduction of platelet count or function leading to hemorrhage. Methods and Results: To explore the effect of hyperthermia on platelet function, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was isolated and incubated at hypothermia (22 degrees C), normothermia (37 degrees C) or hyperthermia (40 and 42 degrees C) for 1 or 2 hours, and then induced to aggregation by ADP. Platelet aggregation was significantly reduced with the growth of temperature in a time-dependent manner. To exclude the possible interference from plasma proteins, and to further investigate the effects of hyperthermia on platelet function, alpha-thrombin induced platelet aggregations were examined in washed platelets incubated at different temperatures for 1 or 2 hours. Washed platelets presented normal aggregation response to alpha-thrombin in platelets incubated at hypothermia, whereas alpha-thrombin induced platelet aggregations reduced gradually with the increase of temperature and time duration. Next, we investigated whether the reductions of platelet aggregation were resulted from platelet apoptosis under high temperature conditions. Hyperthermia gradually induced apoptotic events in platelets with the increase of temperature and time duration, including depolarization of mitochondrial inner transmembrane potential (ΔΨm), gelsolin cleavage, and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure. Furthermore, hyperthermia incurs platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ibalpha ectodomain shedding. Conclusions: These results indicate that hyperthermia induces platelet apoptosis, thus suggesting the possible reason why platelet count or function was reduced in some patients with fever or hyperthermia. These findings not only have important implications for the pathogenesis of hemorrhage in some fever or hyperthermia-related diseases, but also suggest that attentions should be paid on platelet apoptosis under relative high temperature conditions, such as during hyperthermia therapy or platelet storage. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Apple B-box factors regulate light-responsive anthocyanin biosynthesis genes

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blue J. Plunkett ◽  
Rebecca Henry-Kirk ◽  
Adam Friend ◽  
Robert Diack ◽  
Susanne Helbig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anthocyanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Ethylene Content ◽  
Environmentally Responsive ◽  
Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Genes

AbstractEnvironmentally-responsive genes can affect fruit red colour via the activation of MYB transcription factors. The apple B-box (BBX) gene, BBX33/CONSTANS-like 11 (COL11) has been reported to influence apple red-skin colour in a light- and temperature-dependent manner. To further understand the role of apple BBX genes, other members of the BBX family were examined for effects on colour regulation. Expression of 23 BBX genes in apple skin was analysed during fruit development. We investigated the diurnal rhythm of expression of the BBX genes, the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and a MYB activator, MYB10. Transactivation assays on the MYB10 promoter, showed that BBX proteins 1, 17, 15, 35, 51, and 54 were able to directly function as activators. Using truncated versions of the MYB10 promoter, a key region was identified for activation by BBX1. BBX1 enhanced the activation of MYB10 and MdbHLH3 on the promoter of the anthocyanin biosynthetic gene DFR. In transformed apple lines, over-expression of BBX1 reduced internal ethylene content and altered both cyanidin concentration and associated gene expression. We propose that, along with environmental signals, the control of MYB10 expression by BBXs in ‘Royal Gala’ fruit involves the integration of the expression of multiple BBXs to regulate fruit colour.

A novel phenomenological constitutive model for Ti-6Al-4V at high temperature conditions and quasi-static strain rates

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441002098599
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Ashrafian ◽  
Seyed Ali Hosseini Kordkheili
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Strain Behavior ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Cook Model

Phenomenological constitutive modeling of Ti-6Al-4V at temperatures between 923 and 1023 K under 0.0005–0.05 s−1 quasi-static rates is studied based on a phenomenological approach. For this purpose, the Johnson–Cook constitutive model is revisited. At low temperature conditions under moderate to high strain rates, the material’s stress–strain curves are the most similar to power-law function. Contrary to this, at high temperature conditions under low to moderate strain rates, the saturation-type function well describes the stress–strain curves. On the other hand, it is illustrated that the Johnson–Cook constitutive model is feeble to predict the material’s behavior correctly. Accordingly, in this study, a viscoplastic temperature-dependent constitutive model is developed. The strain rate hardening as well as thermal softening of the developed model is the same as the Johnson–Cook model. But a temperature-dependent strain hardening function is proposed in which both the saturation-type and power-law hardening behaviors of the material are implemented. In comparison with the Johnson–Cook model, the new constitutive model’s fidelity in capturing the titanium behavior is depicted. At last, by considering an Arrhenius-type phenomenological constitutive model, it is noted that the developed constitutive model has the best correctness in predicting the Ti-6Al-4V stress–strain behavior at high temperature conditions under quasi-static rates.

COLD-SENSITIVE CELL-DIVISION-CYCLE MUTANTS OF YEAST: ISOLATION, PROPERTIES, AND PSEUDOREVERSION STUDIES

Genetics ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Moir ◽  
Sue E Stewart ◽  
Barbara C Osmond ◽  
David Botstein
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Nuclear Division ◽  
Cell Division Cycle ◽  
Cold Sensitivity ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Sensitive Cell ◽  
Simultaneous Acquisition ◽  
Cold Sensitive ◽  
Cdc Genes

ABSTRACT We isolated 18 independent recessive cold-sensitive cell-division-cycle (cdc) mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in nine complementation groups. Terminal phenotypes exhibited include medial nuclear division, cytokinesis, and a previously undescribed terminal phenotype consisting of cells with a single small bud and an undivided nucleus. Four of the cold-sensitive mutants proved to be alleles of CDC11, while the remaining mutants defined at least six new cell-division-cycle genes: CDC44, CDC45, CDC48, CDC49, CDC50 and CDC51.—Spontaneous revertants from cold-sensitivity of four of the medial nuclear division cs cdc mutants were screened for simultaneous acquisition of a temperature-sensitive phenotype. The temperature-sensitive revertants of four different cs cdc mutants carried single new mutations, called Sup/Ts to denote their dual phenotype: suppression of the cold-sensitivity and concomitant conditional lethality at 37°. Many of the Sup/Ts mutations exhibited a cell-division-cycle terminal phenotype at the high temperature, and they defined two new cdc genes (CDC46 and CDC47). Two cold-sensitive medial nuclear division cdc mutants representing two different cdc genes were suppressed by different Sup/Ts alleles of another gene which also bears a medial nuclear division function (CDC46). In addition, the cold-sensitive medial nuclear division cdc mutant csH80 was suppressed by a Sup/Ts mutation yielding an unbudded terminal phenotype with an undivided nucleus at the high temperature. This mutation was an allele of CDC32. These results suggest a pattern of interaction among cdc gene products and indicate that cdc gene proteins might act in the cell cycle as complex specific functional assemblies.

Properties of aseptically packed ultra-high-temperature milk: III. Formation of polymerized protein during storage at various temperatures

1975 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Minor Significance ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Ultra High Temperature

SummaryThe formation of protein polymers in ultra-high-temperature (UHT)-treated milk during storage at various temperatures was examined by gel filtration. The extent of polymer formation was found to depend on both storage time and temperature. After some months of storage at the higher temperatures of 30 and 37°C, the extent of polymerization of the caseins and whey proteins due to reactions of the Maillard type was several times greater than the heat-induced changes resulting from the UHT processing itself. After storage for 6 months the following proportions of milk proteins were found to exist in the form of covalently bound polymers: 50% at 37°C, 40% at 30°C, 26% at 20°C and 21% at 4°C. In addition, further amounts of polymer were formed by disulphide bonding, the contribution of such polymers diminishing gradually in a temperature-dependent manner during storage due to continuing polymerization reactions. It appeared that αs1-casein may be preferentially involved in these polymerizations with β-casein reacting at a somewhat slower rate. Polymerization and associated reactions modifying molecular charge led to the expected alterations in electrophoretic mobility and a loss of definition in the bands due to the various protein components. Measurements of proteolytic breakdown indicated only very small increases in trichloroacetic acidsoluble fragments, suggesting that proteolysis was of minor significance.

Brain O2 consumption and glutamate release during hypoglycemic coma in piglets are temperature sensitive

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (6) ◽  
pp. H2053-H2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Ichord ◽  
F. J. Northington ◽  
D. van Wylen ◽  
M. V. Johnston ◽  
C. Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Brain Temperature ◽  
Glutamate Release ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Immature Brain ◽  
Hypoglycemic Coma ◽  
Mature Brain

Hypoglycemic injury in the mature brain is mediated by excitotoxicity, which is worsened by disordered cellular energy metabolism. The role of excitotoxicity in relation to brain energy metabolism during hypoglycemia has not been studied in the immature brain. Brain oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) increases during hypoglycemia in piglets, whereas [Formula: see text] decreases in adult pig models. We tested the hypothesis that increased[Formula: see text] during hypoglycemic coma is temperature dependent and coincides with increased excitatory amino acids (EAA). We measured cerebral blood flow (CBF),[Formula: see text], and cortical microdiaysate EAA in pentobarbital-anesthetized piglets during hypoglycemic coma and during 2 h of recovery and in normoglycemic controls. In warmed animals brain temperature was kept normothermic (38.5°C). In unwarmed animals brain temperature was allowed to fall (37.6°C). During hypoglycemia CBF increased similarly in warmed animals and unwarmed animals;[Formula: see text] increased in warmed animals but not unwarmed animals. Glutamate increased during coma and increased more in warmed animals than unwarmed animals but normalized quickly during recovery. EEG recovered earlier in unwarmed animals. We conclude that during a hypoglycemic coma in the immature brain,[Formula: see text] and glutamate are increased in a temperature-dependent manner.

Ytterbium/Yttrium Oxide Superlattices Sensing Strain under High Temperature

2010 ◽  
Vol 636-637 ◽  
pp. 301-306
Author(s):  
Ya Lin Lu ◽  
Karen A. Reinhardt
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Yttrium Oxide ◽  
Temperature Sensing ◽  
Oxide Materials ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Remote Sense ◽  
Temperature Environment ◽  
Monitoring Temperature ◽  
High Temperature Environment

Rare-earth (RE) doped oxide materials are one of the interesting sensor materials potentially able to remote-sense strain inside an object under high temperature. In contrast to commonly investigated temperature-sensing methods of monitoring temperature-dependent luminescent characteristics of those doped RE ions, sensing strain under high temperatures, however, will be much difficult. This research develops a new strained superlattice that has the potential to sense strain under the high temperature environment, via monitoring the superlattice’s period-dependent luminescence.

scholarly journals Insights into the Effect of WJ-7 Fastener Rubber Pad to Vehicle-Rail-Viaduct Coupled Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linya Liu ◽  
Zhiyuan Zuo ◽  
Yunlai Zhou ◽  
Jialiang Qin
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Coupling Model ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Vertical Coupling

The high-speed railway (HSR) has been a long-term hotspot in both scientific and engineering societies to enhance the long-term high quality HSR service. This study aims to investigate the WJ-7B type small resistance fastener rubber pad applied in HSR, and temperature sweep test is applied to determine the mechanical parameters of the fastener rubber pad, which are hereafter introduced into the vehicle-track-viaduct vertical coupling model via dynamic flexibility method. The track irregularity spectrum is considered as fixed-point excitation to investigate the temperature-dependent effect of fastener rubber pad on the dynamic responses. The results reveal that the rigidity of the fastener rubber pad is low temperature sensitive and high temperature stable, and the temperature variation has little effect on the vertical dynamic responses of the vehicle. The dynamic flexibility of the rail increases in amplitude and the dominant frequency decreases as the temperature of the fastener rubber pad increases. The vertical dynamic responses of the wheel-rail force, the wheelset and the rail-viaduct system gradually decrease as the temperature of the fastener rubber pad increases, and the peak frequency follows the similar rule. While under high temperature circumstances, the temperature dependent stiffness of the fastener rubber pad has little influence on the peak of the dominant frequency in the vertical dynamic response of the track-viaduct system.

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