Assessment of Drug related problems Encountered in Patients with Psychiatric disorders in a Secondary Care Hospital.

Introduction: Patients with psychiatric disorders receives multiple medications associated with their comorbid conditions and mental illness increasing the risk of drug related problems leading to frequent hospitalization, healthcare expenditure and reduced quality of life. Aim/Objective: To assess and evaluate the Drug Related Problems (DRPs) encountered in patients with psychiatric disorders in a Secondary Care Hospital in Ras Al-Khaimah. Methodology: A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of six months in the department of psychiatry of a secondary care teaching hospital. All the necessary details including the demographics, drug therapy and laboratory parameters were collected from the patient case records. The patient medication orders were reviewed and screened for any DRPs. The identified DRPs were documented and later evaluated to identify the types, frequency, class of drugs involved and for the level of clinical significance by using the descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 61 DRPs were identified from 50 patients. Male predominance was noted over females. DRPs were commonly seen in patients aged between 21-40 years of age. Schizophrenia (42%) was the most common psychiatric illness identified in the study. The most common DRPs was found to be drug-drug interaction (36.06%) followed by adverse drug reaction (27.86%) and medication non-adherence (24.59%). The level of significance of DRPs was found to be ‘minor’ significance in the grade. Conclusion: The study identifies the DRPs in patients with psychiatric illness and necessitates the need for a regular medication review which will help to rationalize the drug therapy, achieve better therapeutic outcomes and improved quality of patient care.

Phthalocyanine blue pigments

Copper phthalocyanine is the dominant blue organic pigment by far, used extensively in printing ink, paint, plastics, and a range of other applications. A historical perspective of the development of phthalocyanine pigments, from their original serendipitous discovery, through the characterization of their molecular structures, to their development as pigments, is discussed in this chapter and in the separate chapter entitled Phthalocyanines: General Principles. Copper phthalocyanine exhibits polymorphism. The α- and β-forms are the most important crystal phases used as pigments, while the ε-form has only minor significance. Although structurally complex, the synthesis of copper phthalocyanine is relatively straightforward, involving readily available commodity starting materials to provide the products in high yield. After-treatments are required not only to convert the crude pigment into an appropriate pigmentary physical form, but also to provide stability towards crystal phase change and flocculation in application.

PROBLEMS OF RUSSIAN STEPPE LANDSCAPES CAUSED BY OIL AND GAS PRODUCTION

The depth and scale of man-made transformations of steppe landscapes in the course of oil and gas production remain underestimated. The sites provided for the development of oil and gas fields are not allocated to a separate category of the Russian Land Fund . Often there is a mismanagement of subsoil companies to the plots provided to them, provoked by the loyal attitude of the Supervisory authorities. Approved projects of oil and gas development often demonstrate minor significance of section on assessing the impact on the environment. Optimization of this type of land use becomes necessary at this stage of oil and gas production development.

The Urban Identity of an Ural Metropolis in the Sociological Paradigm

The article examines the urban identity of the inhabitants of the Ural metropolis. Today, urbanisation has reached an enormous scale and speed of development, and these processes cannot but have an impact on certain changes in human life. For people to live productively, there must be some common ground, something to unite them, something to hold them together. Urban identity is the inception of unity. The study is aimed at the analysis of what city dwellers think about the existence/absence of urban identity. The study was conducted in 2018 in Yekaterinburg, which is one of the largest metropolises in the Urals; for the purpose of the research, qualitative and quantitative strategies were applied. During the study, 345 Yekaterinburg residents were enquired via the combination questionnaire method (online survey, street interview). The sampling was random. Respondents were randomly sampled from city residents born in Yekaterinburg and having resided in the city for over 20 years. The study revealed that Yekaterinburg residents recognise the existence of urban identity in the metropolis. City residents attribute major significance to local identity (47.0 % of respondents). Its indicators are the residents’ engagement with the city, the urban space, knowledge of the city’s culture, and being born in or living in the metropolis for a long time. Territorial and national identities are of minor significance in the practice of integration into urban space. The survey found that every second person surveyed thinks that ideally one should be born and grow up in Yekaterinburg, passing through all the stages of socialisation, and if they were not born, then they should live in the city for at least 10 years to be a true resident of Yekaterinburg.

Exploring Potential Proteomic Biomarkers for Prognosis of Infective Endocarditis through Profiled Autoantibodies by an Immunomics Protein Array Technique

Though infective endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening cardiac infection with a high mortality rate, the effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for IE are still lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the potential applicable proteomic biomarkers for IE through the Immunome™ Protein Array system. The system was employed to profile those autoantibodies in IE patients and control subjects. Our results showed that interleukin-1 alpha (IL1A), nucleolar protein 4 (NOL4), tudor and KH domain-containing protein (TDRKH), G antigen 2B/2C (GAGE2), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), and X antigen family member 2 (XAGE2) are highly differentially-expressed among IE and non-IE control. Furthermore, bactericidal permeability-increasing protein (BPI), drebrin-like protein (DBNL), signal transducing adapter molecule 2 (STAM2), cyclin-dependent kinase 16 (CDK16), BAG family molecular chaperone regulator 4 (BAG4), and nuclear receptor-interacting protein 3 (NRIP3) are differentially-expressed among IE and healthy controls. On the other hand, those previously identified biomarkers for IE, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor, procalcitonin, and N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide demonstrated only minor significance. With scientific rationalities for those highly differentially-expressed proteins, they could serve as potential candidates for diagnostic biomarkers of IE for further analysis.

The Significance of a Civil Wrong

This chapter claims that the commission of a civil wrong generally holds no significance for the substantive rights and duties of the parties to the wrong, and that it holds but minor significance in the law of remedies. This chapter’s claims are based on an analysis of the relationship between the nature of particular civil wrongs and the content of associated remedies. It is true that wrongs are causally significant to remedies, in that proof of a wrong is frequently a condition requisite to the award of a remedy. But this does not imply that remedies are responsive to wrongs in the more robust and important sense of being addressed to the wrong as such. This chapter explains that many remedies do little more than insist on respect for an underlying right, in which case the wrong is just an occasion for an order for performance of a substantive duty. Remedies are robustly responsive to wrongs only where the wrong itself supplies reasons for “creative” court-ordered remedies, these reasons being reflected in the content of the remedies ordered.

Assessment of Correlation between Nutrition and Oral Status of Elderly

Ideal health is the ultimate goal of mankind throughout all ages. As the age advanced several medical problems and diseases occurs, which have an underlying cause as nutritional aspects and along with that patients socioeconomic status and his dietary habits have a profound influence on their dietary selection. Aim: This research is to summarize the earlier investigations on the association between food intake and dental status in geriatric patients. Study Design: Cross sectional Study by clinical Data Collection. Place and Duration of Study: Six months in RAK College of Dental Sciences outpatient Clinic. Methodology: The information analysis was taken from geriatric patients from RAK outpatient clinic. The sampling methods of the patients are categorized by the gender, and health status, and habits for each gender. The numbers of the patients are approximately 40 patients, 20 male, and 20 female. The patients from both genders are also categorized based on habits, and health issues. A set of questions will be presented as a questionnaire paper to the patients. Results: The results of data collection have shown that the patients regardless of age group and gender showed that majority had cardiovascular and endocrine diseases which lead them to use medications such as galvex, metformin and aspirin which also they eventually changed their diet accordingly, by reducing their sugar and sodium intake. The major significant oral conditions in this study were missing teeth and decayed teeth while minor significance. The major significant oral conditions in this study were missing teeth and decayed teeth while minor significance showed in tooth ache and ulcer in the geriatric population. Increase carbohydrate intake nevertheless decrease in sugar and sodium intake in their diet specifically showed unhealthy diet selection in regards of their limitation in diet selection, which as mentioned earlier choice of diet preference may be because of several factors such as socio economic status and educational factors. Conclusion: The changes in diet of geriatric individuals can strongly influence on the oral health. The oral health status of the geriatric population is generally deficient, with an elevated prevalence of caries, periodontal disease and tooth loss. Hence, a dental professional must be aware of these potential detrimental effects of dental treatment and provide counteractive dietary guidance.

The North Atlantic trade of Hamburg (c. 1400–1650)

Hamburg was the main north German town trading with the western North Atlantic region in the period between 1450 and 1650. Other towns, such as Lübeck, Wismar and Rostock also called at Bergen, but the contact of German seafaring merchants with Iceland was dominated by men from Hamburg. Even after the closing of the island to all except Danish-Norwegian merchants by the Danish kings, the trade with Hamburg continued and partly bypassing the warehouse in Glückstadt. The main export commodities were grain and cloth, while back came fish and sulphur, besides some articles of minor significance. The Shetland trade also had some importance for the Hamburg merchants, importing fish and exporting grain and fishing material. In general, the North Atlantic trade was of minor importance in the total of the Hamburg trade which was dominated by transactions with western (Holland, England, France) and south-western (Portugal, Spain) Europe. The highest profits were made in that sphere.

Wieloaspektowość międzyjęzykowej ekwiwalencji stałych połączeń wyrazowych a ujęcie onomazjologiczne na przykładzie frazeologizmów typu tęga głowa

The aim of this paper is to discuss the usefulness and reliability of the onomasiological approach in the cross-linguistic analysis of fixed multiword expressions based on the example of Polish phrases coined according to the model: ADJECTIVENOM FEM SING + GŁOWA ‘HEAD’ and their English and Italian counterparts. The three corpora are constituted by expressions registered in general and phraseological dictionaries of the respective languages to ensure that the units belong to the canon of Polish, English and Italian phraseological stock. The analysis of units collected for the purpose of the study clearly shows that in order to determine the true picture of cross-linguistic equivalence, the study should be focused on semantics of analysed phrases. Furthermore, the formal aspectmay be of minor significance in some cases due to the similarity of imagery of a source language idiom and the target language lexical item. On the other hand, stylistic value may have a great impact on the relation of cross-linguistic correspondence of the analysed units.

Heritage & persistence: The case of the Kaiapoi fragment

This paper considers a small surviving portion of the Kaiapoi Woollens building, a warehouse and offices constructed in the central business district of Auckland, New Zealand in 1913. Demolished in 1964, a small surviving portion, now known as the Kaiapoi fragment, was left fused to its westward neighbour, the Griffiths Holdings building. When the latter, deemed to hold “little specific cultural heritage significance” (Reverb, 2016:14), was itself demolished in 2016 to make way for a new underground train station, its extraneous hanger-on to the east was left in place, raising less easily settled issues of heritage worth. Despite the minor significance of this fragment, its tenuous persistence opens broader questions about the constitution of the present and the future by cultural heritage, but also, we argue, the precarity of the contemporary present tout court, a state Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht (2004 and 2014) sees as heralding an emerging, yet still undefined, post-historicist chronotope, a space-time fusing that is characterised by a present inordinately broadened “by memories and objects form the past” (2014: 54-55). In this, Gumbrecht builds on the notion of the chronotope developed by Mikhail Bakhtin (1895–1975) in his account of particular fusions of space and time evident across the history of the novel. To better grasp the potential of Gumbrecht’s claims, we return to Bakhtin’s deployment of the chronotope and what underwrites it—dialogical exchange. Moreover, focus on a particular aspect of dialogue developed by Henri Bergson (1859–1941) assists us in rethinking the idea of space-time fusion via what Bergson (1991) himself recognised as a foundational agent capable of dissolving all spatio-temporal amalgamation—duration. Given the importance of dialogics and chronotopes in contemporary views on heritage and anthropology, we ask how Bergson’s broader emphasis on duration, and with it a “‘primacy of memory’ over a ’primacy of perception’” (Lawlor, 2003: ix), might assist us in expanding Gumbrecht’s notion of presence in heritage contexts. Following Leonard Lawlor’s recognition of a “non-phenomenological concept of presence” in Bergson (x), we attempt a provisional anatomy of presence, one prompted by, despite its diminutive scale, the Kaiapoi fragment itself. If presence can be characterised as a particular attention to the immediacy of life, we propose that heritage considered through the lens of the Kaiapoi fragment makes imaginable a deepening of immediacy towards what Bergson referred to as “attachment to life” (Lapoujade, 2018: 59-63).