scholarly journals Osteoporosis in Men: A Review of an Underestimated Bone Condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2105
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Rinonapoli ◽  
Carmelinda Ruggiero ◽  
Luigi Meccariello ◽  
Michele Bisaccia ◽  
Paolo Ceccarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Male Osteoporosis ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Osteoporosis In Men ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Bone Condition ◽  
Fatal Complications

Osteoporosis is called the ‘silent disease’ because, although it does not give significant symptoms when it is not complicated, can cause fragility fractures, with serious consequences and death. Furthermore, the consequences of osteoporosis have been calculated to weigh heavily on the costs of health systems in all the countries. Osteoporosis is considered a female disease. Actually, the hormonal changes that occur after menopause certainly determine a significant increase in osteoporosis and the risk of fractures in women. However, while there is no doubt that women are more exposed to osteoporosis and fragility fractures, the literature clearly indicates that physicians tend to underestimate the osteoporosis in men. The review of the literature done by the authors shows that osteoporosis and fragility fractures have a high incidence also in men; and, furthermore, the risk of fatal complications in hip fractured men is higher than that for women. The authors report the evidence of the literature on male osteoporosis, dwelling on epidemiology, causes of osteoporosis in men, diagnosis, and treatment. The analysis of the literature shows that male osteoporosis is underscreened, underdiagnosed, and undertreated, both in primary and secondary prevention of fragility fractures.

Microsurgical Strategies for Prophylaxis of Cancer-Related Extremity Lymphedema: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (07) ◽  
pp. 471-479
Author(s):  
Jose Ramon Rodriguez ◽  
Yuma Fuse ◽  
Takumi Yamamoto
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Microsurgical Approach ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
After Cancer ◽  
Cancer Ablation

Abstract Background Cancer-related lymphedema represents the first cause of noninfectious secondary extremity lymphedema. This entity is a progressive and debilitating disease with no curative treatment available. With the advent of lymphedema microsurgery, focus has turned into risk reduction and prevention of the disease progression. Methods Literature review was conducted to clarify current microsurgical approach to prophylaxis of cancer treatment-related extremity lymphedema. Results Prophylactic approach could be classified into primary and secondary prevention; microsurgical procedures were performed simultaneously with cancer ablation in primary prevention, and secondary prevention was performed secondarily after cancer treatment for selected high-risk subclinical cases. Indocyanine green lymphography was the most useful method for lymphedema screening after cancer treatment and to diagnose subclinical lymphedema. Several lymphovenous shunt operations were performed as prophylactic procedures, and classified into microsurgical lymphovenous implantation and supermicrosurgical lymphovenous intima-to-intima coaptation. Both showed clinically significant prophylactic effects. Conclusion This review provides a comprehensive overview of the literature regarding microsurgical interventions for the prevention of cancer-related extremity lymphedema. There are several methods for lymphedema prophylaxis and further studies are required to clarify indication of each method.

scholarly journals Analysis of the frequency of vascular comorbidity in patients with recurrent acute stroke

2015 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
O. N. Mikitey ◽  
N. K. Svyrydova ◽  
N. P. Pavliuk
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Vascular Comorbidity

Stroke is an important medical and social problem, which occupies the second place in the population figures for mortality and one of the first rate for disability. Given the magnitude of the incidence, severity, effects, high incidence of recurrence great importance becomes its primary and secondary prevention that provides impact on the risk factors: high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, atrial fibrillation, sickle-cell anemia, open oval window, alcoholism. Prognosis depends on many factors, primarily on the amount and location of lesions of the brain, the severity of comorbidity and the patient’s age.

scholarly journals Multidisciplinary model for hospital-territory integrated management of patient with bone fragility: primary and secondary prevention of fractures according to severity and complexity

Reumatismo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
C. Caffetti ◽  
L. Bogliolo ◽  
G. Giuffrè ◽  
A. Sozzi ◽  
L. Degli Esposti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Fracture Liaison Service ◽  
Bone Fragility ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Multidisciplinary Model

The aim of this study was to promote the construction of a real network and a shared diagnostic and therapeutic management model between hospitals and out-of-hospital healthcare services to capture as many patients with bone fragility as possible. Starting from the analysis of the clinical competences present in the province of Pavia, the bone specialists (BSs) organized some educational events involving both general practitioners (GPs) and hospital specialists. The Fracture Liaison Service (FLS) model, the revision of Note 79, the national plan for chronicity and the health reform of the Lombardy Regional Authority supported the structure of our model, in which the roles of clinicians are well defined and based on the complexity and severity of patients. In our method the GP has a central role as clinical manager, facilitating patient management and communication between the specialists and the BS. In January 2019, the Therapeutic Care Diagnostic Path (PDTA) shared between 2 bone specialists (BSs), 9 GPs, as reference treaters, and a multidisciplinary group of 25 specialists of the Province of Pavia was defined. The strategic directions of the two largest public hospitals in Pavia have supported the PDTA, which was validated by the quality departments of the hospitals themselves. Finally, sixty GPs belonging to the network have joined the PDTA. This model is the first example of integrated management between hospitals and out-of-hospital healthcare services for the primary and secondary prevention of fragility fractures (FF), where the GPs play a pivotal role as managers and supervisors to ensure proper care to chronic patients according to their levels of severity.

Male Osteoporosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (04) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Tuck ◽  
R. M. Francis ◽  
B. C. Hanusch
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Male Osteoporosis ◽  
Fracture Rate ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Osteoporosis In Men ◽  
Considerable Morbidity ◽  
Secondary Causes

SummaryMale osteoporosis is common and results in considerable morbidity and mortality. There are distinct differences in the normal aging of bone between the genders, which result in a lower fracture rate in men. Men who suffer from osteoporosis are much more likely than women to have secondary causes. The identification and treatment of these secondary causes, wherever possible, will result in substantial improvements in BMD. There is now evidence for use of many of the existing agents to treat osteoporosis in men. In younger hypogonadal men testosterone replacement is worth considering, but in older men especially the over sixties this is less effective and there is an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular and prostatic outcomes. Prostate cancer is an increasingly common cause, which is partially the result of the success of ADT. There is now good evidence for the use of bisphosphonates and denosumab in this group of patients. HIV, whilst not being specific to men, is an increasingly recognised cause of male osteoporosis. The reasons for this are multifactorial and some may well be attributable to the anti-retroviral therapy itself. There is emerging evidence of an increased fracture risk in HIV infected individuals. The bone loss can be prevented by the use of bisphosphonates.

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