scholarly journals Erythrocyte Deformability and Na,K-ATPase Activity in Various Pathophysiological Situations and Their Protection by Selected Nutritional Antioxidants in Humans

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11924
Author(s):  
Jana Radosinska ◽  
Norbert Vrbjar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Erythrocyte Deformability ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Clear Link ◽  
External Forces ◽  
Nutritional Antioxidants ◽  
Physicochemical And Functional Properties

The physicochemical and functional properties of erythrocytes are worsened in a variety of diseases. Erythrocyte deformability refers to their ability to adjust their shape according to external forces exerted against them in the circulation. It is influenced by the functionality of the Na,K-ATPase enzyme, which is localized in their membranes. The proposed review is focused on knowledge regarding changes in erythrocyte Na,K-ATPase activity, and their impact on erythrocyte deformability in various pathophysiological situations observed exclusively in human studies, as well as on the potential erytroprotective effects of selected natural nutritional antioxidants. A clear link between the erythrocyte properties and the parameters of oxidative stress was observed. The undesirable consequences of oxidative stress on erythrocyte quality and hemorheology could be at least partially prevented by intake of diverse antioxidants occurring naturally in foodstuffs. Despite intensive research concerning the effect of antioxidants, only a small number of investigations on erythrocyte properties in humans is available in databases. It is worth shifting attention from animal and in vitro experiments and focusing more on antioxidant administration in human studies in order to establish what type of antioxidant, in what concentration, and in which individuals it may provide a beneficial effect on the human organism, by protecting erythrocyte properties.

scholarly journals Determination of activity of antioxidants in human subjects

1999 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garry G. Duthie
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Control Schemes ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Plasma Measurements ◽  
Determination Of Activity ◽  
Nutritional Antioxidants

Evidence from biochemical and animal models suggests that nutritional antioxidants should inhibit the development of diseases such as CHD and certain cancers. This evidence is not clearly corroborated by intervention studies in human subjects, due, in part, to inadequacies in current analytical methodologies. Althoughin vitroassays can give useful information on the attributes required by a compound to act as an antioxidant, results may have little nutritional relevance due to limited bioavailability. The determination of antioxidants in blood is often used as a measure of antioxidant statusin vivo, but may not necessarily reflect concentrations in target tissues where oxidative stress is greatest. In addition, the accumulation of antioxidants in selective tissues may not be apparent from plasma measurements. Participation in quality-control schemes for antioxidant determination by HPLC allows inter-laboratory comparison of results. Moderation of indices of oxidative damage to lipids, proteins and DNA can provide information on the effectiveness of compounds as nutritional antioxidants. However, most current methods of assessing oxidative stress are subject to confounding factors of non-oxidative origin. Assays for total antioxidant capacity in plasma differ in their type of oxidation source, target and measurement used to detect the oxidized product. They give different results, should never be used in isolation, and results should be interpreted with caution. Until more is known about the activity and metabolic fate of antioxidants, caution should be exercised in the consumption of large amounts of commercially-available antioxidant preparations.

scholarly journals 4-[1-ethyl-1-methylhexy]-phenol Induces Apoptosis and Interrupts Ca2+ Homeostasis via ROS Pathway in Sertoli TM4 cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozhen Liu ◽  
Fuxiang Li ◽  
Zhaoliang Zhu ◽  
Gaoyi Peng ◽  
Danfei Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Chain Structure ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Ros Scavenger ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Biological effect of an individual nonylphenol (NP) isomer extremely relies upon the side chain structure. This research was designed to evaluate the impact of NP isomer, 4-[1-ethyl-1-methylhexy]-phenol (NP65), on Sertoli cells in vitro. Sertoli TM4 cells were exposed to various concentration (0, 0.1, 1, 10, or 20 μM) of NP65 for 24 h, and the outcomes indicated that treatment of NP65 induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, oxidative stress as well as apoptosis for Sertoli TM4 cells. In addition, it was found that NP65 exposure affected homeostasis of Ca2+ in Sertoli TM4 cells by increasing cytoplasm [Ca2+]i, inhibiting Ca2+-ATPase activity and decreasing cAMP concentration. Pretreatment with ROS scavenger, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), attenuated NP65-induced oxidative stress as well as apoptosis for TM4 cells. Furthermore, NAC blocked NP65-induced disorders of Ca2+ homeostasis by attenuating the growth of intracellular [Ca2+]i and the inhibition of Ca2+-ATPase and cAMP activities. Thus, we have demonstrated that NP65 induced apoptosis as well as acted as a potent inhibitor of Ca2+-ATPase activity and resulted in disorder of Ca2+ homeostasis in Sertoli TM4 cells, ROS participated in the process. Our results supported the view that oxidative stress acted an essential role within the development of apoptosis and Ca2+ overload in TM4 cells as a consequence of NP65 stimulation.

Anthocyanins: Plant Pigments, Food Ingredients or Therapeutic Agents for the CNS? A Mini-Review Focused on Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 1790-1798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Cásedas ◽  
Francisco Les ◽  
Víctor López
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Human Studies ◽  
Plant Pigments ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Human Interventions

Anthocyanins are plant pigments present in flowers, leaves or fruits with polyphenolic structure belonging to the group of flavonoids. From a nutritional approach, they are the most abundant flavonoids in dietary sources responsible for the antioxidant properties of those foods. In addition, the food and pharma industries have used anthocyanins as food additives or excipients due to its colorant properties. However, beyond its antioxidant effects, anthocyanins may also act as therapeutic agents due to neuroprotective, antidiabetic and cardioprotective properties. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting the role of these compounds in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Previous in vitro and animal studies have suggested neuroprotective benefits, but we here review human interventions made with anthocyanins in relation to cognition, insomnia, anxiety or depression. Due to the link between oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disorders, human studies conducted on healthy volunteers evaluating oxidative stress parameters have also been included. As reviewed here, very few human studies (only ten) have been performed in the area of CNS; however, considering the obtained outcomes in those trials together with human interventions in relation with oxidative stress as well as data showing neuroprotective effects from preclinical experiments, we suggest that anthocyanins may have potential benefits for the CNS.

Interactions Between Dental Composite Resins and Saliva A comparative biochemical in vitro study

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-533
Author(s):  
Mihaela Pantea ◽  
Diana Andreea Ighigeanu ◽  
Alexandra Totan ◽  
Maria Greabu ◽  
Daniela Miricescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Dental Composite ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽  
Specific Protocol ◽  
Dental Composite Resins ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

This in vitro study analyses the biochemical interaction between saliva and three types of dental composite resins (a direct resin, an indirect resin and a dual-cure resin used for cementation of indirect dental restorations). The resin samples were obtained following a specific protocol and in line with the producers� recommendations; the resin samples were incubated with saliva samples collected from 19 healthy volunteers. The obtained results showed that the tested composite resins did not produce significant changes in oxidative stress parameters that were analysed (albumin, uric acid, GGT / gamma glutamyl transferase, OXSR-1 / oxidative stress responsive kinase 1) and do not influence the inflammatory salivary status reflected by the levels of IL-6 - an inflammatory marker.

Protective Activity of Fucoidan and Alginic Acid against Free Radical-Induced Oxidative Stress under in Vitro and Cellular System

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Jung So ◽  
Boh-Kyung Kim ◽  
Mi-Jin Choi ◽  
Kun-Young Park ◽  
Sook-Hee Rhee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Alginic Acid ◽  
Cellular System ◽  
Protective Activity

Exploiting Anti-Inflammation Effects of Flavonoids in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 2610-2619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarique Hussain ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Huansheng Yang ◽  
Muhammad S. Kalhoro ◽  
Dildar H. Kalhoro
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Antiinflammatory Drugs ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Background: Inflammation is a complex response of the host defense system to different internal and external stimuli. It is believed that persistent inflammation may lead to chronic inflammatory diseases such as, inflammatory bowel disease, neurological and cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress is the main factor responsible for the augmentation of inflammation via various molecular pathways. Therefore, alleviating oxidative stress is effective a therapeutic option against chronic inflammatory diseases. Methods: This review article extends the knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of flavonoids targeting inflammatory pathways in chronic diseases, which would be the best approach for the development of suitable therapeutic agents against chronic diseases. Results: Since the inflammatory response is initiated by numerous signaling molecules like NF-κB, MAPK, and Arachidonic acid pathways, their encountering function can be evaluated with the activation of Nrf2 pathway, a promising approach to inhibit/prevent chronic inflammatory diseases by flavonoids. Over the last few decades, flavonoids drew much attention as a potent alternative therapeutic agent. Recent clinical evidence has shown significant impacts of flavonoids on chronic diseases in different in-vivo and in-vitro models. Conclusion: Flavonoid compounds can interact with chronic inflammatory diseases at the cellular level and modulate the response of protein pathways. A promising approach is needed to overlook suitable alternative compounds providing more therapeutic efficacy and exerting fewer side effects than commercially available antiinflammatory drugs.

Phytosomal Curcumin Elicits Anti-tumor Properties Through Suppression of Angiogenesis, Cell Proliferation and Induction of Oxidative Stress in Colorectal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (39) ◽  
pp. 4626-4638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reyhaneh Moradi-Marjaneh ◽  
Seyed M. Hassanian ◽  
Farzad Rahmani ◽  
Seyed H. Aghaee-Bakhtiari ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Vegf Signaling ◽  
Anticancer Effects ◽  
Inhibition Of Angiogenesis ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Apoptotic Activity

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-associated mortality in the world. Anti-tumor effect of curcumin has been shown in different cancers; however, the therapeutic potential of novel phytosomal curcumin, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism in CRC, has not yet been explored. Methods: The anti-proliferative, anti-migratory and apoptotic activity of phytosomal curcumin in CT26 cells was assessed by MTT assay, wound healing assay and Flow cytometry, respectively. Phytosomal curcumin was also tested for its in-vivo activity in a xenograft mouse model of CRC. In addition, oxidant/antioxidant activity was examined by DCFH-DA assay in vitro, measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA), Thiol and superoxidedismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity and also evaluation of expression levels of Nrf2 and GCLM by qRT-PCR in tumor tissues. In addition, the effect of phytosomal curcumin on angiogenesis was assessed by the measurement of VEGF-A and VEGFR-1 and VEGF signaling regulatory microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumor tissue. Results: Phytosomal curcumin exerts anti-proliferative, anti-migratory and apoptotic activity in-vitro. It also decreases tumor growth and augmented 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) anti-tumor effect in-vivo. In addition, our data showed that induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of angiogenesis through modulation of VEGF signaling regulatory miRNAs might be underlying mechanisms by which phytosomal curcumin exerted its antitumor effect. Conclusion: Our data confirmed this notion that phytosomal curcumin administrates anticancer effects and can be used as a complementary treatment in clinical settings.

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