scholarly journals An LGAD-Based Full Active Target for the PIONEER Experiment

Instruments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Simone Michele Mazza
Keyword(s):  
Active Region ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Branching Ratio ◽  
Muon Decay ◽  
Silicon Detectors ◽  
Readout System ◽  
Active Target ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
Systematic Uncertainties ◽  
Main Challenge

PIONEER is a next-generation experiment to measure the charged pion branching ratios to electrons vs. muons Re/μ=Γπ+→e+ν(γ)Γπ+→μ+ν(γ) and pion beta decay (Pib) π+→π0eν. The pion to muon decay (π→μ→e) has four orders of magnitude higher probability than the pion to electron decay (π→eν). To achieve the necessary branching-ratio precision it is crucial to suppress the π→μ→e energy spectrum that overlaps with the low energy tail of π→eν. A high granularity active target (ATAR) is being designed to suppress the muon decay background sufficiently so that this tail can be directly measured. In addition, ATAR will provide detailed 4D tracking information to separate the energy deposits of the pion decay products in both position and time. This will suppress other significant systematic uncertainties (pulse pile-up, decay in flight of slow pions) to <0.01%, allowing the overall uncertainty in to be reduced to O (0.01%). The chosen technology for the ATAR is Low Gain Avalanche Detector (LGAD). These are thin silicon detectors (down to 50 μm in thickness or less) with moderate internal signal amplification and great time resolution. To achieve a 100% active region several emerging technologies are being evaluated, such as AC-LGADs and TI-LGADs. A dynamic range from MiP (positron) to several MeV (pion/muon) of deposited charge is expected, the detection and separation of close-by hits in such a wide dynamic range will be a main challenge. Furthermore, the compactness and the requirement of low inactive material of the ATAR present challenges for the readout system, forcing the amplifier chip and digitizer to be positioned away from the active region.

scholarly journals The Data Acquisition System of the Na62 Experiment at Cern

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 01037
Author(s):  
Marco Boretto
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Branching Ratio ◽  
Data Acquisition System ◽  
Acquisition System ◽  
Trigger System ◽  
Level Trigger ◽  
Decay Products ◽  
Ethernet Network ◽  
Trigger Decision

The aim of the NA62 experiment is to study the extreme rare kaon decay K+ ? π+vv and to measure its branching ratio with a 10% accuracy. In order to do so, a very high intensity beam from the CERN SPS is used to produce charged kaons whose decay products are detected by many detectors installed along a 60 m decay region. The NA62 Data Acquisition system (DAQ) exploits a multi-level trigger system; following a Level0 (L0) trigger decision, 1 MHz data rate from about 60 sources is read by a PC-farm, the partial event is built and then passed through a series of Level1 (L1) algorithms to further reduce the trigger rate. Events passing this level are completed with the missing, larger, data sources (~400 sources) at the rate of 100 KHz. The DAQ is built around a high performance ethernet network interconnecting the detectors to a farm of 30 servers. After an overall description of the system design and the main implementation choices that allowed to reach the required performance and functionality, this paper describes the overall behaviour of the DAQ in the 2017 data taking period. It then concludes with an outlook of possible improvements and upgrades that may be applied to the system in the future.

Detector commissioning and development for PETRA-III

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (SRMS-7) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pennicard ◽  
Heinz Graafsma ◽  
Michael Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Silicon Detectors ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Synchrotron Light

The new synchrotron light source PETRA-III produced its first beam last year. The extremely high brilliance of PETRA-III and the large energy range of many of its beamlines make it useful for a wide range of experiments, particularly in materials science. The detectors at PETRA-III will need to meet several requirements, such as operation across a wide dynamic range, high-speed readout and good quantum efficiency even at high photon energies. PETRA-III beamlines with lower photon energies will typically be equipped with photon-counting silicon detectors for two-dimensional detection and silicon drift detectors for spectroscopy and higher-energy beamlines will use scintillators coupled to cameras or photomultiplier tubes. Longer-term developments include ‘high-Z’ semiconductors for detecting high-energy X-rays, photon-counting readout chips with smaller pixels and higher frame rates and pixellated avalanche photodiodes for time-resolved experiments.

scholarly journals Advanced Readout System IC Current Mode Semi-Gaussian Shapers Using CCIIs and OTAs

VLSI Design ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Noulis ◽  
Constantinos Deradonis ◽  
Stylianos Siskos
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Harmonic Distortion ◽  
Current Mode ◽  
Current Conveyors ◽  
Readout System ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Operational Transconductance Amplifiers ◽  
Transconductance Amplifiers

Novel CMOS current mode shapers for front-end electronics are proposed. In particular, six semi-Gaussian shaper implementations based on second generation current conveyors and operational transconductance amplifiers are designed using advanced filter design techniques. Although all shaper architectures are fully integrated, they satisfy a relatively large peaking time. The topologies are analytically compared in terms of noise performance, power consumption, total harmonic distortion (THD), and dynamic range (DR) in order to examine which is the most preferable in readout applications. Design technique selection criteria are proposed in relation to the shaper structures performance. Analysis is supported by simulations results using SPICE in a 0.6 μm process by Austria Mikro Systeme (AMS).

A MEMORYLESS REVERSE CONVERTER FOR THE 4-MODULI SUPERSET {2n - 1, 2n, 2n + 1, 2n + 1 - 1}

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P VINOD ◽  
A. BENJAMIN PREMKUMAR
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Number System ◽  
Residue Number System ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Reverse Converter ◽  
Residue Number ◽  
Compensation Technique ◽  
The Common ◽  
Performance Computing

This paper presents a residue number system to binary converter in the four moduli set {2n - 1, 2n, 2n + 1, 2n + 1 - 1}, valid for even values of n. This moduli set is an extension of the popular set {2n - 1, 2n + 1}. The number theoretic properties of the moduli set of the form 2n ± 1 are exploited to design the converter. The main challenge of dealing with fractions in Residue Number System is overcome by using the fraction compensation technique. A hardware implementation using only adders is also proposed. When compared to the common three moduli reverse converters, this four moduli converter offers a larger dynamic range and higher parallelism, which makes it useful for high performance computing.

High-dynamic-range image readout system

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Mathae ◽  
N. Ducrocq ◽  
E. Mazataud ◽  
J. Y. Eouzan ◽  
J. C. Heurtaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
High Dynamic Range ◽  
Range Image ◽  
High Dynamic Range Image ◽  
Readout System ◽  
High Dynamic

Determination of the β− branching ratio of 64Cu by mass spectrometric investigations of the decay products in neutron transmuted copper

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 145-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wermann ◽  
D. Alber ◽  
W. Pritzkow ◽  
G. Riebe ◽  
J. Vogl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Branching Ratio ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Decay Products

A Double-Gain, Large Dynamic Range Front-end ASIC With A/D Conversion for Silicon Detectors Read-Out

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 2963-2970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valter Bonvicini ◽  
Giulio Orzan ◽  
Gianluigi Zampa ◽  
Nicola Zampa
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Silicon Detectors ◽  
Large Dynamic Range ◽  
Front End

Capacitive Readout Technique for Studies of Dissipation in GaN Nanowire Mechanical Resonators

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua R. Montague ◽  
Kris A. Bertness ◽  
Norman A. Sanford ◽  
Victor M. Bright ◽  
Charles T. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Microwave Measurement ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Readout System ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Resonance Behavior ◽  
Resonance Frequencies

A variable-temperature homodyne reflectometry measurement technique for detecting nanoscale mechanical motion has recently been developed. We have extended this technique to make the first all-electrical measurements of an ensemble of as-grown, c-axis, single-crystal gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires. These nanowires are approximately 15 μm in length and 100 nm in diameter, and have fundamental resonance frequencies near 1 MHz, and mechanical quality factors, Q, (resonance frequency divided by resonance width) in excess of 104. These high-Q values are sensitive to surface conditions and offer the opportunity to study intrinsic damping mechanisms in the nanoscale resonators. The new microwave measurement technique has allowed us to study the ensemble behavior of nanowire resonances while varying extrinsic variables (e.g., temperature) and obtain statistics on nanowire resonance behavior. Our apparatus allows measurements to be made in either a two-phase lock-in mode, or in a power-spectrum mode, both of which have unique advantages. Our measurements demonstrate a position-spectral noise floor of 0.3 nm/ Hz, largely set by the dynamic range of our microwave readout system.

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