scholarly journals The Impact of Overnight Orthokeratology on Accommodative Response in Myopic Subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3687
Author(s):  
Ana F. Pereira-da-Mota ◽  
Jéssica Costa ◽  
Ana Amorim-de-Sousa ◽  
José M. González-Méijome ◽  
António Queirós
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Accommodative Response ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Accommodative Lag ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lens Wear ◽  
Over Time

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two months of orthokeratology (OK) treatment in the accommodative response of young adult myopes. Twenty eyes (21.8 ± 1.8 years) were fitted with the Paragon CRT® 100 LENS to treat myopia between −1.00 and −2.00 D. Low- and high-contrast visual acuity (LCDVA and HCDVA), central objective refraction, light disturbance (LD), and objective accommodative response (using the Grand Seiko WAM-5500 open-field autorefractometer coupled with a Badal system) were measured at baseline (BL) before lens wear and after 1, 15, 30, and 60 nights of OK. Refractive error correction was achieved during the first fifty days of OK lens wear, with minimal changes afterwards. LD analysis showed a transient increase followed by a reduction to baseline levels over the first 30 nights of treatment. The accommodative response was lower than expected for all target vergences in all visits (BL: 0.61 D at 1.00 D to 0.96 D at 5.00 D; 60 N: 0.36 D at 1.00 D to 0.79 D at 5.00 D). On average, the accommodative lag decreases over time with OK lens wear. However, these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.050, repeated-measures ANOVA and Friedman test). This shows that overnight OK treatment does not affect objectively measured the accommodative response of young, low myopic eyes after two months of treatment stabilization.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Impact of Sexual Orientation on Longitudinal Depression

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 900-900
Author(s):  
Anna Thompson ◽  
Britney Wardecker
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Research suggests that mental health and well-being improve as we age, and this trend is dubbed “the paradox of aging” (Charles & Carstensen, 2010). However, little is known about whether this trend happens for individuals who may experience lifelong disadvantage, such as those who identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. We used data from the Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS) to examine lesbian/gay, bisexual, and heterosexual adults’ changes in depression from 1995 to 2014. Participants identified as lesbian/gay (n = 46), bisexual (n = 37), and heterosexual (n = 3030) and 45.1% identified as female. Participants’ ages ranged from 20-74 years (M = 45.61, SD = 11.41) in 1995 and 39-93 years (M = 63.64, SD = 11.35) in 2014. We analyzed our data using a repeated measures ANOVA and our results indicate that depression decreased on average from 1995 to 2014 for heterosexual [Wilk’s Lamda = .996, F (1, 3029) = 12.23, p < .001] and lesbian/gay adults [Wilk’s Lamda = .848, F (1, 45) = 8.08, p = .007]. However, bisexual adults did not experience this decrease in depression [Wilk’s Lamda = .990, F (1, 36) = 0.36, p = .550] and their depression remained relatively stable. Our results are consistent with previous studies that indicate bisexuals experience poorer mental health when compared to lesbian/gay and heterosexual adults (Bostwick, Hughes, & Everett, 2015). The current research highlights depression as a condition that may not decrease universally over time. We discuss implications for bisexuals’ health and well-being.

scholarly journals Maturational patterns of left ventricular rotational mechanics in pre-term infants through 1 year of age

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. 1238-1246
Author(s):  
Gloria C. Lehmann ◽  
Philip T. Levy ◽  
Meghna D. Patel ◽  
Timothy Sekarski ◽  
HongJie Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Apical Rotation ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Complications ◽  
Rotational Mechanics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

AbstractBackground:Pre-mature birth impacts left ventricular development, predisposing this population to long-term cardiovascular risk. The aims of this study were to investigate maturational changes in rotational properties from the neonatal period through 1 year of age and to discern the impact of cardiopulmonary complications of pre-maturity on these measures.Methods:Pre-term infants (<29 weeks at birth, n = 117) were prospectively enrolled and followed to 1-year corrected age. Left ventricular basal and apical rotation, twist, and torsion were measured by two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography and analysed at 32 and 36 weeks post-menstrual age and 1-year corrected age. A mixed random effects model with repeated measures analysis was used to compare rotational mechanics over time. Torsion was compared in infants with and without complications of cardiopulmonary diseases of pre-maturity, specifically bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary hypertension, and patent ductus arteriosus.Results:Torsion decreased from 32 weeks post-menstrual age to 1-year corrected age in all pre-term infants (p < 0.001). The decline from 32 to 36 weeks post-menstrual age was more pronounced in infants with cardiopulmonary complications, but was similar to healthy pre-term infants from 36 weeks post-menstrual age to 1-year corrected age. The decline was due to directional and magnitude changes in apical rotation over time (p < 0.05).Conclusion:This study tracks maturational patterns of rotational mechanics in pre-term infants and reveals torsion declines from the neonatal period through 1 year. Cardiopulmonary diseases of pre-maturity may negatively impact rotational mechanics during the neonatal period, but the myocardium recovers by 1-year corrected age.

scholarly journals Association between cognitive phenotype in unaffected siblings and prospective 3- and 6-year clinical outcome in their proband affected by psychosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Thijs J. Burger ◽  
Frederike Schirmbeck ◽  
Jentien M. Vermeulen ◽  
Piotr J. Quee ◽  
Mariken B. de Koning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Vulnerability ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cognitive Alterations ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Cognitive alterations are a central and heterogeneous trait in psychotic disorders, driven by environmental, familial and illness-related factors. In this study, we aimed to prospectively investigate the impact of high familial risk for cognitive alterations, unconfounded by illness-related factors, on symptomatic outcomes in patients. Methods In total, 629 probands with non-affective psychosis and their sibling not affected by psychosis were assessed at baseline, 3- and 6-year follow-up. Familial cognitive risk was modeled by three cognitive subtypes (‘normal’, ‘mixed’ and ‘impaired’) in the unaffected siblings. Generalized linear mixed models assessed multi-cross-sectional associations between the sibling cognitive subtype and repeated measures of proband symptoms across all assessments. Between-group differences over time were assessed by adding an interaction effect of time and sibling cognitive subtype. Results Probands affected by psychosis with a sibling of the impaired cognitive subtype were less likely to be in symptomatic remission and showed more disorganization across all time points. When assessing differences over time, probands of siblings with the impaired cognitive subtype showed less remission and less improvement of disorganization after 3 and 6 years relative to the other subtypes. They also showed less reduction of positive, negative and excitement symptoms at 6-year follow-up compared to probands with a sibling of the normal cognitive subtype. Conclusions Cross-sibling pathways from higher levels of familial cognitive vulnerability to worse long-term outcomes may be informative in identifying cognition-related environmental and genetic risks that impact psychotic illness heterogeneity over time.

Consistent Immediate Effects of Foot Orthoses on Comfort and Lower Extremity Kinematics, Kinetics, and Muscle Activity

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mündermann ◽  
Benno M. Nigg ◽  
R. Neil Humble ◽  
Darren J. Stefanyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Foot Orthoses ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Recreational Runners ◽  
Over Time

In order to accommodate patients to new foot orthoses over time, two steps are required: The first is to obtain a baseline reading of the immediate effects across several weeks to ensure consistency. The second step is to look at changes with progressively longer wear periods similar to what occurs in general practice. This study addressed the first step. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the baseline reading of the immediate effects of foot orthoses on comfort and lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity is consistent between days. Participants were 21 recreational runners who volunteered for the study. Three orthotic conditions (posting, custom-molding, posting and custom-molding) were compared to a control (flat) insert. Lower extremity kinematic, kinetic, and EMG data were collected for 108 trials per participant and condition in 9 sessions for each person for running at 4 m/s. Comfort for all orthotic conditions was assessed in each session using a visual analog scale. Statistically significant session effects were detected using repeated-measures ANOVA (α = .05). Three of the 93 variables had a significant session effect. A significant interaction between orthotic condition and session was observed for 6 of the 93 variables. The results of this study showed that the effects of foot orthoses on comfort, lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity are consistent across a 3-week period when the wear time for each condition is restricted. Thus, foot orthoses lead to immediate changes in comfort, kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity with limited use. These immediate effects of foot orthoses on comfort, kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activity are consistent between days.

scholarly journals Changing maladaptive beliefs among individuals with coronary heart disease using video information

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-228
Author(s):  
Henndy Ginting ◽  
Gérard W. B. Näring ◽  
Eni Sabrine Becker ◽  
Pintoko Tedjokusumo
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Baseline Measure ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Maladaptive Beliefs ◽  
The Impact

Many individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD) have maladaptive beliefs which might increase anxiety and depression. This study investigates the impact of using video information to convey facts and correct misconceptions about CHD in individuals. 150 individuals with CHD were assigned to either the control group or one of two experimental groups. The participants completed the York Cardiac Beliefs Questionnaire in the baseline measure immediately after first viewing the video (time 1), and after viewing the video for six times within two weeks (time 2). The Beck Anxiety Inventory and Beck Depression Inventory II were completed in the baseline and at time 2. Multiple repeated measures anova shows that after the intervention, participants’ maladaptive beliefs, anxiety and depression were reduced in both experimental groups. Yet, it did not happen in the control group. It indicates that the video information corrects maladaptive beliefs, and reduces anxiety and depression levels in individuals with CHD.  

scholarly journals Influence of Participation in a Quality Improvement Collaborative on Staff Perceptions of Organizational Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H Ford II ◽  
Aaron Gilson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Quality Improvement Collaborative ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Staff Perceptions ◽  
Participation Level ◽  
Job Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background: Sustainability capacity (SC), which is an organization’s ability to implement and maintain change, is influenced by internal attributes, environmental contextual influencers, and intervention attributes. Temporal changes in staff SC perceptions, as well as the influence of quality improvement collaborative (QIC) participation, has generally not been explored. This project addresses this gap, measuring staff SC perceptions at four time points (baseline and every 9 months) for clinics participating in an intervention – the Network for the Improvement of Addiction Treatment QIC initiative (called NIATx200).Methods: A mixed linear model repeated measures analysis was applied to matched staff members (n=908, representing 2,329 total cases) across the evaluation timeframe. Three separate statistical models assessed potential predictors of SC perceptions: Time (Models I-III); NIATx200 intervention, staff job function, and tenure (Models II &III); and NIATx200 participation hours and four organizational variables (Model III).Results: For Model I, staff perceptions of total SC increased throughout most of the study (t1,4=-6.74, p<.0001; t2,4=-3.100, p<.036; t3,4=-0.23, p=ns). Model II did not change Model I’s overall Time effect, but combined NIATx200 services (t=-2.23, p=.026), staff job function (t=-3.27, p=.001), and organizational administrators (t=-3.50, p=.001) were also significantly associated with greater perceptions of total SC. Inclusion of additional variables in Model III demonstrated the importance of a higher participation level (t=-3.09, p<.002) and being in a free-standing clinic (t=-2.06, p<.04) on staff perceptions of total SC. Conclusion: Although staff exposure to sustainability principals was minimal in NIATx200, staff perceptions about their organization’s SC significantly differed over time. However, an organization’s participation level in a QIC became the principal predictor of staff SC perceptions, regardless of other factors’ influence. Given these findings, it is possible to develop and introduce specific sustainability content within the structure of a QIC to assess the impact on staff SC perceptions over time and the sustainment of organizational change.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00934141 Registered July 6, 2009. Retrospectively registered. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00934141

scholarly journals Repeated-Measures ANOVA and Friedman Test Using SPSS and STATCAL

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prana Ugiana Gio
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Method ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova

This article explains statistical method, namely repeated-measures ANOVA and Friedman Test using SPSS and STATCAL (R)

Repeated measures ANOVA for responses developing over time

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. CHEKALUK ◽  
T. P. HUTCHINSON ◽  
D. CAIRNS
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
Over Time

Optimizing dosing in navigation interventions across the cancer continuum: A planned secondary data analysis from the Patient Care Connect implementation.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (31_suppl) ◽  
pp. 174-174
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ann Kvale ◽  
Maria J Pisu ◽  
Courtney Williams ◽  
Kelly Kenzik ◽  
Andres Azuero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Baseline Cost ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

174 Background: Patient navigation programs in cancer care have historically focused on assisting persons to overcome barriers to accessing care. Evidence is emerging to support the impact of navigation interventions across the cancer continuum. However, navigation programs have varied designs, resulting in a lack of clarity about the optimal approach to delivering services to patients, and a lack of evidence linking program design to outcomes. Methods: A planned retrospective analysis of Medicare administrative claims for a population of older beneficiaries diagnosed with cancer: The main exposure was the number of contacts in person or over the phone with PCCP navigators in the 6 month period starting from the quarter in which patients enrolled in the PCCP. Repeated measures generalized linear models with normal distribution were used to evaluate trends in total cost over time based on: number of contacts, quarters post-enrollment (TIME), and the interaction between number of contacts and TIME. Intra-correlation was controlled for repeated measures. Results: 4,337 patients were included in this analysis. 17.9% had one contact, 17.7% had two, 22.2% had 3-4, 24.2% had 5-10, and 18.0% had more than 10 contacts. African Americans had a greater number of participants with more than 10 navigator contacts, as stage 4 cancers, and initial or end-of-life phase of care. Patients who received more than 3 contacts had significantly higher levels of baseline cost. Models to evaluate total cost over time demonstrate an effect of navigator contact on cost that is associated with number of contacts. This trend is statistically significant at 3-4 contacts or more, and remains significant at 10 or more contacts. Conclusions: Increased navigator contact is associated with increased slope of decline in utilization and cost indicates that navigation programs should be adequately resourced to deliver care that enables navigators to have contact with patients a minimum of 3-4 contacts over a six month period.

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