scholarly journals Influence of Calcium Silicate on the Chemical Properties of Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida (Jacq.) P. Kumm

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Rossana V. C. Cardoso ◽  
Márcio Carocho ◽  
Ângela Fernandes ◽  
Diego Cunha Zied ◽  
Juan Diego Valenzuela Cobos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Vitamin D2 ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Productivity Rate ◽  
The Impact

Supplementation of mushroom substrates has been linked to a higher resistance against insect pests, although few studies show the impact of this supplementation on the different agronomical parameters of mushrooms or even their chemical composition. In this work, the variation in the biological and chemical composition of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus var. florida (Jacq.) P. Kumm) was analysed after varying the substrate supplementation of calcium silicate (0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4% (w/w%)) during two harvest flushes. Overall, supplementation did not change the weight, the number of fruiting bodies, biological efficiency, yield ratio, and productivity rate of the mushrooms, although the harvest flushes did show significant differences. Furthermore, slight changes were found in the chemical composition with an increase in vitamin D2 and tocopherols for the mushrooms with higher amounts of calcium silicate. Overall, the substrate supplementation did not seem to induce expressive changes or decrease production yields, and can, therefore, continue to be researched as a potential application to fight agronomical pests.

scholarly journals Influence of the substrate composition on the yield and nutritional value of the fruiting bodies of the edible mushrooms Pleurotus citrinopileatus and Cyclocybe aegerita

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
I.I. Bandura ◽  
A. S. Kulyk ◽  
S. V. Makohon ◽  
O. V. Khareba ◽  
V. V. Khareba
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Substrate Composition ◽  
Pleurotus Citrinopileatus

Purpose. To reveal the influence of the substrate compositions on technical indicators and the chemical composition of the fruiting bodies of the golden oyster mushroom and poplar mushroom. Methods. The experimental design included cultivation of two species of wood-decay fungi Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer (strain 2161 IVK) and Cyclocybe aegerita (V.Brig.) Vizzini (strain 2230 IVK) on three variants of substrate composition. Laboratory, laboratory-production methods for evaluating the effectiveness of growing technology, chemical composition of the obtained raw materials, statistical methods of analysis were applied. Results. The structure and composition of substrates affect the technological characteristics of the culture, physical and chemical properties of fruiting bodies. The shortest fruiting cycle of 35.2 ± 1.7 days was determined for C. aegerita under growing conditions on SC1 substrate which formula included «straw, husks, pellet, rapeseed, corn, and CaCO3» in the ratio of 30: 40: 70: 20: 20: 1. The highest yield (170.5 ± 15.2 g per 1 kg of substrate) in the experiment was determined for P. citrinopileatus on the SC1 substrate composed of «straw / pellets  / rapeseed / corn / CaCO3» in the ratio 40: 90: 20: 25: 1. Fruiting bodies of P. citrinopileatus obtained from the SC3 substrate composed of  «pellets / rapeseed / corn / CaCO3» in the ratio 60: 110: 20: 30: 1 had the highest protein content – 22.47 ± 0.19%, and fruiting bodies from the SC1 substrate had the least amount of proteins – 17.38 ± 2.60%. Fruiting bodies of C. aegerita contained more lipids than those of P. citrinopileatus, but the factor of the influence of the substrate composition on the total amount of lipids for some cultivars was insignificant. The largest amount of endopolysaccharides was isolated from the fruiting bodies of C. aegerita (6.81 ± 0.41%) cultivated on SC3 substrate, and the smallest in the SC1 variant (1.38 ± 0.25%). The content of endopolysaccharides in the fruiting bodies of P. citrinopileatus had less variability from 2.54 ± 0.54 (SC3) to 4.72 ± 0.61% (SC1). Conclusion. Substrate compositions significantly affect the biological efficiency of cultivars and the content of nutrients in fruiting bodies of the studied species. The obtained results enable producers of mushrooms to predict the production efficiency and quality of grown mushrooms in accordance with the use of available raw materials.

scholarly journals Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq .: Fr.) Kummer on pear pomace: Evaluation of productivity and chemical composition of the biodegraded substrate

2018 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Gustavo Enrique Rodríguez ◽  
Daniel Alfredo Martínez ◽  
María Belén Buglione ◽  
Marcela Viviana Filippi ◽  
Marta Susana Agüero
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Commercial Cultivation

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la factibilidad de emplear orujo de pera como sustrato para el cultivo comercial de dos cepas de Pleurotus ostreatus (Pl-P y Pl-J) y analizar la variación de la composición química del orujo biodegradado. La cepa Pl-J presentó 98,3% de Eficiencia Biológica, 35% de Rendimiento y 45 días de Período Productivo, mientras que para Pl-P los valores fueron 62,3%, 21,8% y 35 días, respectivamente. La actividad metabólica de ambas cepas sobre el sustrato provocó una disminución relativa del contenido de materia seca y materia orgánica del 20 al 30% y de un 60% para los carbohidratos solubles. Al finalizar el Período Productivo, las fibras (FDN, FDA y LDA) disminuyeron 10 a 20% mientras que el contenido de proteína bruta no se modificó significativamente. The aim of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of using pear pomace as a substrate for the commercial cultivation of two strains of Pleurotus ostreatus (Pl-P and Pl-J) and to analyze the variation of the chemical composition of the biodegraded pomace. The Pl-J strain presented 98,3% of Biological Efficiency, 35% of Yield and 45 days of Productive Period, while for Pl-P the values were 62,3%, 21,8% and 35 days respectively. The metabolic activity of both strains on the substrate led to a relative decrease in dry matter and organic matter content of 20 to 30%, and 60% for soluble carbohydrates. At the end of the Productive Period, the fibers (FDN, FDA and LDA) decreased 10 to 20% while the crude protein content was not significantly modified.

scholarly journals Maize Residue as a Viable Substrate for Farm Scale Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom(Pleurotus ostreatus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abena O. Adjapong ◽  
Kwame D. Ansah ◽  
Faustina Angfaarabung ◽  
Henry O. Sintim
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Mushroom Cultivation ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Maize Cob

In the search for alternatives to sawdust as growing media in commercial mushroom cultivation, three organic substrates obtainable as crop residue, maize husk, maize cob, and maize stalk, with each being supplemented with rice bran, were evaluated as growth media for the oyster mushroom,Pleurotus ostreatus(Kummer). For the tested alternatives to sawdust, the harvested weight of fruiting bodies that sprouted on a kilogram maize husk media per crop (32.99 g) was the highest. Sawdust media supported significantly (P<0.001) heavier fruiting bodies (42.18) than the maize residues. The peak mushroom harvests for the various substrates were obtained between the first and seventh fruiting body flushes. The biological efficiency of the substrates, which measured usable nutrients indicated that maize stalk supplemented with rice bran, was 39% compared to that of the sawdust media (60%). The maize husk media and the maize cob media had biological efficiencies of 32% and 9.5%, respectively. These results indicate that two of the tested growing media (maize stalk or husk) produced mushrooms with yield characteristics that were comparable to the well-used sawdust in the cultivation of oyster mushrooms. The environmental and economic parameters involved in the use and carting of sawdust make these on-farm crop residues a viable alternative for mushroom cultivation in especially nonforest zones of Ghana.

scholarly journals Connecting planet formation and astrochemistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 642 ◽  
pp. A229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex J. Cridland ◽  
Ewine F. van Dishoeck ◽  
Matthew Alessi ◽  
Ralph E. Pudritz
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Planet Formation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Element Abundance ◽  
Semi Major Axis ◽  
Hot Jupiters ◽  
Erosion Models ◽  
The Impact

The chemical composition of planetary atmospheres has long been thought to store information regarding where and when a planet accretes its material. Predicting this chemical composition theoretically is a crucial step in linking observational studies to the underlying physics that govern planet formation. As a follow-up to an earlier study of ours on hot Jupiters, we present a population of warm Jupiters (semi-major axis between 0.5 and 4 AU) extracted from the same planetesimal formation population synthesis model as used in that previous work. We compute the astrochemical evolution of the proto-planetary disks included in this population to predict the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) and nitrogen-to-oxygen (N/O) ratio evolution of the disk gas, ice, and refractory sources, the accretion of which greatly impacts the resulting C/Os and N/Os in the atmosphere of giant planets. We confirm that the main sequence (between accreted solid mass and the atmospheric C/O) we found previously is largely reproduced by the presented population of synthetic warm Jupiters. As a result, the majority of the population falls along the empirically derived mass-metallicity relation when the natal disk has solar or lower metallicity. Planets forming from disks with high metallicity ([Fe/H] > 0.1) results in more scatter in chemical properties, which could explain some of the scatter found in the mass-metallicity relation. Combining predicted C/Os and N/Os shows that Jupiter does not fall among our population of synthetic planets, suggesting that it likely did not form in the inner 5 AU of the Solar System before proceeding into a Grand Tack. This result is consistent with a recent analysis of the chemical composition of Jupiter’s atmosphere, which suggests that it accreted most of its heavy element abundance farther than tens of AU away from the Sun. Finally, we explore the impact of different carbon refractory erosion models, including the location of the carbon erosion front. Shifting the erosion front has a major impact on the resulting C/Os of Jupiter- and Neptune-like planets, but warm Saturns see a smaller shift in C/Os since their carbon and oxygen abundances are equally impacted by gas and refractory accretion.

scholarly journals Concentration with Nanofiltration of Red Wine Cabernet Sauvignon Produced from Conventionally and Ecologically Grown Grapes: Effect on Volatile Compounds and Chemical Composition

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 320
Author(s):  
Ivana Ivić ◽  
Mirela Kopjar ◽  
Jasmina Obhođaš ◽  
Andrija Vinković ◽  
Dubravko Pichler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Red Wine ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Individual Compound ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
The Impact

Ecological viticulture represent an upward trend in many countries. Unlike conventional viticulture, it avoids the use of chemical fertilizers and other additives, minimizing the impact of chemicals on the environment and human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of nanofiltration (NF) process on volatiles and chemical composition of conventional and ecological Cabernet Sauvignon red wine. The NF process was conducted on laboratory Alfa Laval LabUnit M20 (De Danske Sukkerfabrikker, Nakskov, Denmark) equipped with six NF M20 membranes in a plate module, at two temperature regimes, with and without cooling and four pressures (2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 MPa). Different processing parameters significantly influenced the permeate flux which increased when higher pressure was applied. In initial wines and obtained retentates, volatile compounds, chemical composition and elements concentration were determined. The results showed that the higher pressure and retentate cooling was more favourable for total volatiles retention than lower pressure and higher temperature. Individual compound retention depended on its chemical properties, applied processing parameters and wine composition. Nanofiltration process resulted in lower concentrations of ethanol, acetic acid (>50%), 4-ethylphenol and 4-ethylguaiacol (>90%). Different composition of initial feed (conventional and ecological wine) had an important impact on retention of elements.

scholarly journals Reuse of degraded Pleurotus ostreatus substrate through supplementation with wheat bran and Calprozime® quantitative parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mª Raquel Picornell ◽  
Arturo Pardo ◽  
José Arturo De Juan-Valero†
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characterization ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In this study, the agronomic viability of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.: Fr.) P. Kumm. was studied by reusing spent substrates that were previously used for crops of this mushroom. After the physical and chemical characterization of the substrates, we evaluated the quantitative production parameters for one growing season. The experiment used wheat straw (WS) and spent Pleurotus substrate (SPS) as a base material to generate prepared substrates that could be reutilized for mushroom production. These base substrates were supplemented with wheat bran (WB) (two doses, 300 and 600 g/6 kg) and the commercial supplement Calprozime® (120 g/6 kg). We obtained a biological efficiency (BE) between 50 and 63%, a high quantity of mushrooms (between 26 and 39 mushrooms/bag) and an excellent unit weight of the fruiting bodies (between 24.34 and 39.54 g) with the substrates supplemented with a 120 g/6 kg dose of Calprozime®.

scholarly journals Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus on Agricultural Wastes and Their Combination

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bulti Kumera Fufa ◽  
Belsti Atnkut Tadesse ◽  
Mestawot Merid Tulu
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Debre Berhan

Background. Mushrooms are increasingly becoming an important component of diets worldwide, and it is of paramount importance to choose appropriate substrates to grow them. The objective of this study was to grow Pleurotus ostreatus mushroom using different agricultural substrates. Methods. Corncobs, finger millet straw, and bamboo waste were collected from different sites of the Awi Zone. The substrates were chopped into small pieces, and 500 g of their dry mass alone and their combination was measured, packed in a polythene bag, moistened, and pasteurized. The cooled substrates were inoculated with a spoon of P. ostreatus spawn brought from Debre Berhan University. The bags were placed in the growing room, and growth parameters were recorded continuously with environmental variables. The experimental setup was a complete randomized design, six treatments with three replicates. Results. The fastest spawn running phase of P. ostreatus was 28.71 ± 0.80 days, pinhead formation was 32.36 ± 0.26 days, and fruiting bodies’ formation was 5.19 ± 0.74 days after the pinhead was recorded on the corncob substrate. The highest fresh weight and biological efficiency with the significant statistical association were obtained from P. ostreatus grown on finger millet straw (253.07 ± 1.05 and 50.20 ± 0.47, respectively). The highest average number of pinheads and fruiting bodies (29.60 and 11.44, respectively) was recorded on finger millet straw. The lowest biological efficiency (20.80 ± 0.41), fresh weight (101.48 ± 0.91), number of pinheads (14.40), and number of fruiting bodies (4.25) were recorded from a mixture of corncob and bamboo waste (50% each) substrates. Conclusion. Finger millet straw is recommended as the best substrate for the cultivation of P. ostreatus. The mixed substrate of corncob and bamboo waste (1 : 1) for P. ostreatus cultivation is not encouraged due to poor growth performance.

scholarly journals Study on Application of Hawthorn Seed in Cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 03054
Author(s):  
Guohao Shi ◽  
Shuai Wu ◽  
Chuanhe Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Fruit Body ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Seed Content

In the paper, the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus using abandoned hawthorn seeds as a culture medium was investigated. The results indicated that the addition of hawthorn seeds will slow down the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus, but will increase the biological efficiency, nutrient quality and antioxidant capacity of fruiting bodies. Under the condition that hawthorn seed content is 30%, the cultivated Pleurotus ostreatus fruit body has the highest biological efficiency, the strongest antioxidant capacity, and the best nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Production of Oyster Mushrooms in Different Seasonal Conditions of Bangladesh

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Uddin ◽  
S. Yesmin ◽  
M. A. Khan ◽  
M. Tania ◽  
M. Moonmoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Temperature Zone ◽  
The World ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Oyster Mushrooms

Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.) are widely cultivated all over the world. Its production is remarkably affected by the environmental conditions like temperature and relative humidity. In this study, we investigated the production of four species of oyster mushroom: Pleurotus ostreatus, P. florida, P. sajor-caju and P. high king cultivated in every season (January to December) in Bangladesh. The temperature (in 0C) and relative humidity (% RH) of culture house in each month, and parameters of mushroom production were recorded. In all of the selected species of this study, the minimum days required for primordial initiation, and the maximum number of fruiting bodies, biological yield and biological efficiency were found in December to February (14-27 0C, 70-80% RH). The production was found minimum during the cultivated time August to October. We suggest cultivation of selected Pleurotus spp in winter (temperature zone 14-27 0C with relative humidity 70-80%) for better production and biological efficiency.Keywords: Pleurotus mushroom; Different seasonal conditions; Growth and yield; Biological efficiency.© 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i1.6130                J. Sci. Res. 3 (1), 161-167 (2011)

scholarly journals Cultivation of Pleurotus Ostreatus on Agricultural Waste and their Combination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bulti Kumera Fufa ◽  
Belsti Atnkut Tadesse ◽  
Mestawot Merid Tulu
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Debre Berhan

Abstract Background:Mushrooms are increasingly becoming an important component of diets worldwide and it is of paramount importance to choose appropriate substrates to grow them. The objective of this study was to grow Pleurotus ostreatus using different agricultural substrates.Methods:Corncobs, Finger millet straw and Bamboo waste were collected from different sites of Awi zone. The substrates were chopped in to small pieces and 500g of their dry mass alone and their combination was measured packed in polythene bag, moistened, and pasteurized. The cooled substrates inoculated with a spoon of P. ostreatus spawn brought from Debre Berhan University. The bags were placed in growing room and growth parameters were recorded continuously with monitoring of environmental variables. The experimental setup was completely randomized design, six treatments with three replicates.Results: The fastest spawn running phase of P. ostreatus was observed in 28.71±0.80 days, pinhead formation of 32.36±0.26 days and fruiting bodies formation of 5.19±0.74 days after pinhead appearance was recorded on Corncob substrate. The highest fresh weight and biological efficiency with significant statistical association was obtained from the P. ostreatus grown on Finger millet straw (253.07±1.05 and 50.20±0.47 respectively). The highest average number of pinhead and fruiting bodies (29.60 and 11.44 respectively) was recorded on Finger millet straw. The lowest biological efficiency (20.80±0.41), fresh weight (101.48±0.91), number of pinhead (14.40), number of fruiting bodies (4.25) was recorded from a mixture of Corncob and Bamboo waste (50% each) substrates.Conclusion:The use of mixed Corncob and Bamboo waste (1:1) for cultivation of P. ostreatus is not encouraged due to poor growth performance.

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