scholarly journals Fungal Diversity and Composition of the Continental Solar Saltern in Añana Salt Valley (Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1074
Author(s):  
Maia Azpiazu-Muniozguren ◽  
Alba Perez ◽  
Aitor Rementeria ◽  
Irati Martinez-Malaxetxebarria ◽  
Rodrigo Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Solar Saltern ◽  
Saline Environment ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Microbial Community Structures ◽  
Genomic Studies ◽  
Fungal Distribution ◽  
Cereal Fields ◽  
Halophilic Fungi

The Añana Salt Valley in Spain is an active continental solar saltern formed 220 million years ago. To date, no fungal genomic studies of continental salterns have been published, although DNA metabarcoding has recently expanded researchers’ ability to study microbial community structures. Accordingly, the aim of this present study was to evaluate fungal diversity using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) metabarcoding at different locations along the saltern (springs, ponds, and groundwater) to describe the fungal community of this saline environment. A total of 380 fungal genera were detected. The ubiquity of Saccharomyces was observed in the saltern, although other halotolerant and halophilic fungi like Wallemia, Cladosporium, and Trimmatostroma were also detected. Most of the fungi observed in the saltern were saprotrophs. The fungal distribution appeared to be influenced by surrounding conditions, such as the plant and soil contact, cereal fields, and vineyards of this agricultural region.

scholarly journals Fungi in the Antarctic Cryosphere: Using DNA Metabarcoding to Reveal Fungal Diversity in Glacial Ice from the Antarctic Peninsula Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graciéle Cunha Alves de Menezes ◽  
Paulo E. A. S. Câmara ◽  
Otávio Henrique Bezerra Pinto ◽  
Peter Convey ◽  
Micheline Carvalho-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Glacial Ice ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
The Antarctic

DNA Metabarcoding for Fungal Diversity Investigation in Polar Regions

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Matsuoka ◽  
Yoriko Sugiyama ◽  
Hideyuki Doi
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding

scholarly journals DNA metabarcoding of fungal diversity in air and snow of Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Henrique Rosa ◽  
Otávio Henrique Bezerra Pinto ◽  
Tina Šantl-Temkiv ◽  
Peter Convey ◽  
Micheline Carvalho-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Livingston Island ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Air Sample ◽  
Total Dna

AbstractWe assessed fungal diversity present in air and freshly deposited snow samples obtained from Livingston Island, Antarctica, using DNA metabarcoding through high throughput sequencing (HTS). A total of 740 m3 of air were pumped through a 0.22 µm membrane. Snow obtained shortly after deposition was kept at room temperature and yielded 3.760 L of water, which was filtered using Sterivex membranes of 0.22 µm mesh size. The total DNA present was extracted and sequenced. We detected 171 fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), 70 from the air and 142 from the snow. They were dominated by the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota and Mucoromycota. Pseudogymnoascus, Cladosporium, Mortierella and Penicillium sp. were the most dominant ASVs detected in the air in rank order. In snow, Cladosporium, Pseudogymnoascus, Penicillium, Meyerozyma, Lecidea, Malassezia, Hanseniaspora, Austroplaca, Mortierella, Rhodotorula, Penicillium, Thelebolus, Aspergillus, Poaceicola, Glarea and Lecanora were the dominant ASVs present. In general, the two fungal assemblages displayed high diversity, richness, and dominance indices, with the assemblage found in snow having the highest diversity indices. Of the total fungal ASVs detected, 29 were only present in the air sample and 101 in the snow sample, with only 41 present in both samples; however, when only the dominant taxa from both samples were compared none occurred only in the air and, among the rare portion, 26 taxa occurred in both air and snow. Application of HTS revealed the presence of a more diverse fungal community in the air and snow of Livingston Island in comparison with studies using traditional isolation methods. The assemblages were dominated by cold-adapted and cosmopolitan fungal taxa, including members of the genera Pseudogymnoascus, Malassezia and Rhodotorula, which include some taxa reported as opportunistic. Our results support the hypothesis that the presence of microbiota in the airspora indicates the possibility of dispersal around Antarctica in the air column. However, further aeromycology studies are required to understand the dynamics of fungal dispersal within and beyond Antarctica.

What Else Is in Salviae officinalis folium? Comprehensive Species Identification of Plant Raw Material by DNA Metabarcoding

Planta Medica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (06/07) ◽  
pp. 428-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna Schmiderer ◽  
Brigitte Lukas ◽  
Joana Ruzicka ◽  
Johannes Novak
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Generation Sequencing

AbstractQuality control of drugs consists of identifying the raw material to avoid unwanted admixtures or exchange of material as well as looking for abiotic and biotic contaminations. So far, identity and microbial contamination are analyzed by separate processes and separate methods. Species identification by their DNA (“DNA barcoding”) has the potential to supplement existing methods of identification. The introduction of next-generation sequencing methods offers completely new approaches like the identification of whole communities in one analysis, termed “DNA metabarcoding”. Here we present a next-generation sequencing assessment to identify plants and fungi of two commercial sage samples (Salvia officinalis) using the standard DNA barcoding region “internal transcribed spacer” consisting of internal transcribed spacer 1 and internal transcribed spacer 2, respectively. The main species in both samples was identified as S. officinalis. The spectrum of accompanying plant and fungal species, however, was completely different between the samples. Additionally, the composition between internal transcribed spacer 1 and internal transcribed spacer 2 within the samples was different and demonstrated the influence of primer selection and therefore the need for harmonization. This next-generation sequencing approach does not result in quantitative species composition but gives deeper insight into the composition of additional species. Therefore, it would allow for a better knowledge-based risk assessment than any other method available. However, the method is only economically feasible in routine analysis if a high sample throughput can be guaranteed.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Two Rare Mucoralean Species with Specific Habitats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seo Hee Lee ◽  
Thuong T. T. Nguyen ◽  
Hyang Burm Lee
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Saprotrophic Fungi ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Gilbertella Persicaria ◽  
28S Ribosomal Dna

The order Mucorales, the largest in number of species within the Mucoromycotina, comprises typically fast-growing saprotrophic fungi. During a study of the fungal diversity of undiscovered taxa in Korea, two novel mucoralean strains, CNUFC-GWD3-9 and CNUFC-EGF1-4, were isolated from specific habitats including freshwater and fecal samples, respectively, in Korea. On the basis of their morphological characteristics and sequence analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and large subunit (LSU) of 28S ribosomal DNA regions, the CNUFC-GWD3-9 and CNUFC-EGF1-4 isolates were confirmed to be Gilbertella persicaria and Pilobolus crystallinus, respectively. It is ecologically, pathologically and mycologically significant to find such rare zygomycetous fungi in such specific habitats. 

scholarly journals A new record of psychrotrophic Paecilomyces formosus (Eurotiales: Ascomycota) from India: morphological and molecular characterization

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 20118-20123
Author(s):  
Skarma Nonzom ◽  
Geeta Sumbali
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
New Record ◽  
Fungal Isolate ◽  
Thermophilic Fungi ◽  
Cold Desert ◽  
First Time ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization ◽  
Semi Arid

A filamentous fungus Paecilomyces formosus (Eurotiales, Ascomycota) was detected for the first time from the region while surveying fungal diversity of a cold arid high-altitude pass (4,000 msl) located in Kargil district (Ladakh), India. The fungal isolate was characterized morphologically with camera lucida drawings and microphotographs, and identified using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) ribosomal DNA sequences. P. formosus has not been reported from India, or from arid/semi-arid/cold regions before, thus this represents a new record of Indian hot/cold desert mycoflora that is psychrotrophic in contrast to the more common thermophilic fungi.

scholarly journals Gut Microbial Alterations in Diarrheal Baer's Pochards (Aythya baeri)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xi ◽  
Xinxi Qin ◽  
Yumin Song ◽  
Jincheng Han ◽  
Zhiqiang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Microbial Structure ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Host Health ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Relationship

The structure and composition of gut microbiota correlate with the occurrence and development of host health and disease. Diarrhea can cause alterations in gut microbiota in animals, and the changes in the gut microbial structure and composition may affect the development of diarrhea. However, there is a scarcity of information on the effects of diarrhea on gut fungal composition and structure, particularly in Baer's pochard (Aythya baeri). The current study was performed for high-throughput sequencing of the fungal-specific internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) to detect the differences of gut mycobiota in healthy and diarrheal Baer's pochard. Results showed that the gut mycobiota not only decreased significantly in diversity but also in structure and composition. Statistical analysis between two groups revealed a significant decrease in the abundance of phylum Rozellomycota, Zoopagomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Kickxellomycota in diarrheal Baer's pochard. At the genus levels, fungal relative abundance changed significantly in 95 genera, with 56 fungal genera, such as Wickerhamomyces, Alternaria, Penicillium, Cystofilobasidium, and Filobasidium, increasing significantly in the gut of the diarrheal Baer's pochard. In conclusion, the current study revealed the discrepancy in the gut fungal diversity and community composition between the healthy and diarrheal Baer's pochard, laying the basis for elucidating the relationship between diarrhea and the gut mycobiota in Baer's pochard.

scholarly journals Gut mycobiota alterations in patients with COVID-19 and H1N1 and associations with immune and gastrointestinal symptoms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longxian Lv ◽  
Silan Gu ◽  
Huiyong Jiang ◽  
Ren Yan ◽  
Yanfei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Fungal Diversity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Gut Microbes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
H1n1 Flu

Abstract The relationship between gut microbes and COVID-19 or H1N1 flu is not fully understood. Here, we compared gut mycobiota of 67 COVID-19 patients, 35 H1N1 patients and 48 healthy controls (HCs) using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 3-ITS4 sequencing. Fungal richness decreased in COVID-19 and H1N1 patients compared to HCs, but fungal diversity decreased in only H1N1 patients. Fungal mycobiota dysbiosis in both COVID-19 and H1N1 patients was mainly characterized by depletions of fungi such as Aspergillus, Penicillium, but several fungi, such as Candida parapsilosis, and Malassezia yamatoensis, were enriched in H1N1 patients. The altered fungal taxa were strongly associated with clinical features such as the incidence of diarrhoea, albumin. Gut mycobiota between COVID-19 patients with mild and severity symptoms are not different, as well as between COVID-19 patients in and out hospital. Therefore, gut mycobiota dysbiosis occur in covid-19 or H1N1 patients and do not improve until discharge.

scholarly journals Thainema gen. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Synechococcales): A new genus of simple trichal cyanobacteria isolated from a solar saltern environment in Thailand

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0261682
Author(s):  
Somayeh Rasouli-Dogaheh ◽  
Jiří Komárek ◽  
Thomrat Chatchawan ◽  
Tomáš Hauer
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Solar Saltern ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Saline Environment ◽  
The Family ◽  
Cryptic Taxa ◽  
Ecological Habitats ◽  
Central Thailand

Simple trichal types constitute a group of cyanobacteria with an abundance of novel, often cryptic taxa. Here, we investigated material collected from wet surface-soil in a saline environment in Petchaburi Province, central Thailand. A morphological comparison of the isolated strain with similar known species, as well as its phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses based on the combined datasets of other related organisms, especially simple trichal cyanobacteria, revealed that the material of this study represented an independent taxon. Using a multifaceted method, we propose that this material represents a new genus, Thainema gen. nov., belonging to the family Leptolyngbyaceae, with the type species Thainema salinarum sp. nov. This novel taxon shares similar ecological habitats with strains previously placed in the same lineage.

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