scholarly journals Alteration of White Matter in Patients with Central Post-Stroke Pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Jung Geun Park ◽  
Bo Young Hong ◽  
Hae-Yeon Park ◽  
Yeun Jie Yoo ◽  
Mi-Jeong Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Spinothalamic Tract ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Normal Controls

A stroke may be followed by central post-stroke pain (CPSP), which is characterized by chronic neuropathic pain. The exact mechanism has not yet been fully uncovered. We investigated alterations in the white matters in patients with CPSP, compared with stroke patients without CPSP and normal controls. Our retrospective cross-sectional, case-control study participants were assigned to three groups: CPSP (stroke patients with CPSP (n = 17)); stroke control (stroke patients without CPSP (n = 26)); and normal control (normal subjects (n = 34)). The investigation of white matter for CPSP was focused on the values of fiber numbers (FN) and fractional anisotrophy (FA) for spinothalamic tract (STT), anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), superior thalamic radiation (STR) and posterior thalamic radiation (PTR), and corticospinal tract (CST) was measured. The FA for the STT and STR of the CPSP group were lower than those for the stroke control and normal control groups. The FA of CST and ATR did not differ between the CPSP and stroke groups, but both differed from the normal control. The FA of PTR in the stroke control group differed from the normal control group, but not from the CPSP group. The FN of CST, STT, ATR, and STR for the CPSP and stroke control groups did not differ from each other, but both differed from those of normal controls. FN of PTR did not differ between the CPSP and normal control groups. The alterations in the spinothalamic tract and superior thalamic radiation after stroke would play a role in the pathogenesis of CPSP.

Nasal Cycle in Patients with Septal Deviation: Evaluation by Acoustic Rhinometry

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeol-Woong Sung ◽  
Min-Han Lee ◽  
In-Jung Kim ◽  
Dong-Woo Lim ◽  
Ki-Sang Rha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Septal Deviation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Cycle ◽  
Narrow Side ◽  
Normal Controls

The nasal cycle in patients with septal deviation was studied by acoustic rhinometric techniques. This study included 24 patients with anteriorly located septal deviations (mean age = 23.5), and 26 normal controls (mean age = 24.7). Data of MCA (minimum cross-sectional area) and NV (nasal volume), collected in 20-minute intervals, were plotted for each subject during 8 hours. Twenty of 24 patients (83%) with septal deviation and 20 of 26 normal subjects (77%) showed at least one complete cycle. Duration of the nasal cycle, which ranged from 100 minutes to 400 minutes, had no statistical difference between the septal deviation group (mean duration of 216 minutes) and the normal control group (mean duration of 227 minutes). The degrees of variation of MCA and NV, defined as Degree of Variation of MCA (%) = 100 (MCAmax – MCAmin)/MCAmax, Degree of Variation of NV (%) = 100 (NVmax – NVmin)/NVmax, which represent the percent change of MCA and NV throughout the study, showed no difference between the wide side and the narrow side, or between the septal deviation group and the normal control group. These findings suggest that the nasal cycle is relatively independent of peripheral anatomic factors for its generation. However, the amplitude of changes of MCA was greater in the wide side, and the sum of both MCAs tended to fluctuate in accordance with the fluctuation of MCA of the wide side. Thus, the nasal cycle seemed to be affected by septal deviation.

scholarly journals Analysis of Factors Affecting Post-Stroke Fatigue: An Observational, Cross-Sectional, Retrospective Chart Review Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1586
Author(s):  
Seungwon Kwon ◽  
Chul Jin ◽  
Seung-Yeon Cho ◽  
Seong-Uk Park ◽  
Woo-Sang Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Post Stroke

Post-stroke fatigue (PSF) is one of the most common emotional and mood disorders in stroke survivors. Several studies have suggested associations between PSF and various factors. However, they describe conflicting results. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the factors affecting PSF. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 178 hospitalized stroke patients. The collected data were compared between the PSF and control groups. To evaluate the association between factors and PSF, regression analysis was conducted. A total of 96 patients (53.9%) were assigned to the PSF group, and 82 patients were assigned to the control group. Age, neurological deficits, cognitive dysfunction, degree of depression, hs-CRP, and ESR differed significantly between the two groups. For both types of stroke, multiple linear regression analyses showed that degree of depression and degree of inflammation were significantly associated with PSF. Through subgroup analysis, multiple linear regression analyses showed that the degree of depression in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in hemorrhagic stroke had a significant association with PSF. In conclusion, post-stroke depression and degree of inflammation could be clinically significant predictors of PSF in all types of stroke patients. However, larger, prospective studies are required to obtain more concrete results.

The self and schizophrenia: a cognitive approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Nieznanski
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Self Schema ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Trait Words ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Normal Controls

The aim of the study was to explore the basic features of self-schema in persons with schizophrenia. Thirty two schizophrenic patients and 32 normal controls were asked to select personality trait words from a check-list that described themselves, themselves as they were five years ago, and what most people are like. Compared with the control group, participants from the experimental group chose significantly more adjectives that were common to descriptions of self and others, and significantly less that were common to self and past-self descriptions. These results suggest that schizophrenic patients experience their personality as changing over time much more than do healthy subjects. Moreover, their self-representation seems to be less differentiated from others-representation and less clearly defined than in normal subjects.

scholarly journals Bi-caudate ratio as a MRI marker of white matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis and ischemic leukocencephalopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dena Serag ◽  
Eman Ragab
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Linear Measurement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Imaging Science ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Background Brain atrophy measurement is now a cornerstone in basic neuro-imaging science. While assessment of white matter atrophy by visual inspection is subjective, volumetric approaches are time-consuming and not often feasible. Bi-caudate ratio represents a linear surrogate parameter of brain volume that can be derived from standard imaging sequences. This study highlights the value of the bi-caudate ratio (BCR) as a MRI marker of white matter atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis and ischemic leukoencephalopathy and set a cut-off value to differentiate between patients with white matter atrophy and normal subjects. Results A total of 115 patients (54 males and 61 females) diagnosed with white matter leukoencephalopathy (MS in 51 patients and ischemic leukoencephalopathy in 64 patients) were included. Another group of 60 subjects with a normal white matter signal was recruited as a control group. BCR for the patient group ranged from 0.13 to 0.27 (mean (± SD) = 0.16 ± 0.02), while for the control group, it ranged from 0.05 mm to 0.13 (mean (± SD) = 0.09 ± 0.01). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P value < 0.001). A cut-off value of 0.13 was used to differentiate between the BCR in both patients and control groups with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 99.2%, 100%, and 99%, respectively. The difference in BCR for patients diagnosed with MS and ischemic leukoencephalopathy was also statistically significant (P value < 0.001). Conclusion The bi-caudate ratio represents a linear measurement of subcortical atrophy that can be useful as a surrogate marker of global supra-tentorial white matter atrophy instead of the usually performed visual and therefore subjective assessment. It is an easily obtained measure that can be performed without complex time-consuming volumetric studies. Our findings also revealed that the BCR is higher in patients with ischemic leukoencephalopathy than in patients with MS.

Express Saccades and Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement Function in Schizophrenic, Affective Disorder, and Normal Subjects

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne B. Sereno ◽  
Philip S. Holzman
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Smooth Pursuit ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Saccadic Response ◽  
Group A ◽  
Schizophrenic Group ◽  
Movement Function ◽  
Normal Controls

Saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements were recorded in three groups of subjects: a schizophrenic group, a non-schizophrenic psychotic patient comparison group, and a normal control group. Schizophrenic subjects demonstrated a greater decrease in saccadic response time than did normal controls in a gap task (when the fixation point was turned off 150 msec before the target appeared). The psychiatric comparison subjects did not differ from normal controls. Further, only schizophrenic subjects demonstrated a relation between smooth pursuit and saccadic eye movement performance, such that subjects with impaired smooth pursuit showed a larger decrease in saccadic response time in the gap task. The relation between performance on the gap task and quality of smooth pursuit and its relevance for a prefrontal deficit hypothesis of schizophrenia are discussed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Terapi AIUEO terhadap Kemampuan Bicara Pasien Stroke yang Mengalami Afasia Motorik

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Afnijar Wahyu ◽  
Liza Wati ◽  
Murad Fajri
Keyword(s):  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Motor Aphasia ◽  
A Value ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients who have motor aphasia in Raja Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang. The research design used was quasi experiment with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design approach to 9 respondents who were divided into 9 treatment groups and 9 control groups. The results showed that there were significant differences in the functional ability of communication between the control and treatment groups with a value of p <0.05 (p = 0.007 at a = 0.05) using the Wilcoxon Test statistical test. Conclusion, the influence of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients with motor aphasia in the treatment and control groups at Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang.   Keywords: Speech Ability, Motor Aphasia Stroke, AIUEO Therapy

scholarly journals Studi Epidemiologi Kualitas Hidup Penderita Paska Stroke di RSUD Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Ilsa Hunaifi ◽  
Pujiarohman Pujiarohman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Stroke

troke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Indonesia.  Post stroke patients has a higher disability hence results in poor quality of life compared with normal population. In Indonesia, studies related to the quality of life of post-stroke patients are scarce, so studies are required to explore the quality of life of post-stroke patients, particularly in West Nusa Tenggara. Aim of this study is to determine the epidemiology of quality of life for post-stroke patients in West Nusa Tenggara. Methods of this study is An Observational with cross-sectional design was performed in population of post-stroke patients admitted to West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital. The quality of life of post stroke patient was evaluated with SSQOL (Stroke Specific Quality of Life) questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed by the appropriate test. Result of this study is the average age of subject is 60.33±10.68 years. Hypertension is a major risk factor of stroke. The average SSQOL score is 177.02±45.75. SSQOL assesses 4 dimension are physical, functional, psychological and social health. Based on the physical dimension, the average score is 17.00, the functional dimension, the average score is 14.91, the psychological dimension, the average score is 13.17 and the social health dimension  the average score is 13.44.  The quality of life for post-stroke patients in West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital is good.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Alih Baring Tiap 2 Jam Terhadap Pencegahan Ulkus Dekubitus pada Pasien Pasca Stroke dengan Tirah Baring Lama di Bangsal Saraf RSUD Arifin Achmad Pekanbaru

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Bevi Dewi Citra ◽  
Hermes C. Sitompul ◽  
Tuti Restuastuti
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Study ◽  
Preventive Intervention ◽  
Decubitus Ulcer ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Significant Difference

Neurological deficits on stroke patients can caused immobility. Decubitus ulcer is one of immobilty’s complication.Two hours repositioning is one of medical rehabilitation programs in decubitus prevention. The aim of this study is todescribe effectiveness of two hours repositioning to prevent decubitus ulcer, especially on post-stroke patients. Thisstudy was a preventive intervention study with cross-sectional approach. Sample consists of 32 patients. Group Iconsists of 16 patients with repositioning intervention. On the otherhand, group II consists of 16 patients withoutrepositioning intervention. Then, this two groups were compared and were looked for the effectiveness. from thisstudy, we knew that prevalence of decubitus ulcer on post-stroke patients are 19.4% with the effectiveness of two hoursrepositioning is 87.5%. There was significant difference between these two groups to prevent decubitus. it occurred ongeriatric patients with percentage of 75%. Its Proportion for female: male are 2:1. It is commonly occurred on firstweek hospitalization, especially grade 2 (33.3%). It is mostly located on sacrum (100%).

Abstract TP224: Interleukin-37 Level is Elevated in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif Bushnaq ◽  
Atif Zafar ◽  
Kempuraj Duraisamy ◽  
Nudrat Tasneem ◽  
Mohammad M Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Serum And Urine

Background: Interleukin-37 (IL-37) is a new member of IL-1 cytokine family with a defined role as a negative feedback inhibitor of pro-inflammatory responses. IL-37 has yet to be evaluated in non-immune neurological diseases like ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. This study aimed to measure the urine and serum IL-37 levels in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Method: Twelve patients consented for the study. Two sets of serum and urine samples were obtained and analyzed; one upon admission to the hospital, and the second the next morning after overnight fasting. The trends in serum level of IL-37 in 5 stroke patients, while trends in urine level of 6 patients were available, measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Prior studies with healthy volunteers as control group have consistently showed IL-37 plasma level around or less than 65 pg/ml with maximum normal levels on ELISA approximated at 130 pg/ml. Results: IL-37 level in urine in stroke patients ranged from 297 - 4467. IL-37 levels were in the range of 300s to 1000s in patients with ischemic stroke compared with reported healthy controls in literature where the level was always less than 90. Three of these 10 patients presented within 3 hours of stroke onset with IL-37 serum levels being 2655 pg/ml, 3517 pg/ml and 5235 pg/ml. In all others, it ranged much less than that, with the trend of delayed presentation giving less IL-37 levels, both in urine and serum. There were no clear differences found in patients with or without tPA, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and high blood pressure in our small study. Conclusion: The study shows a rather stable elevation of IL-37 levels post-ischemic stroke, which if compared to available data from other studies, is 3-10 times elevated after acute ischemic stroke with an uptrend in the first few days. IL-37 plays some role in mediating post-stroke inflammation with significant rise in serum and urine IL-37 levels suggesting a key role of this novel cytokine in post-stroke pathology. This is the first ever reported study measuring and trending IL-37 levels in human plasma after an acute ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Gothenburg Very Early Supported Discharge study (GOTVED): a randomised controlled trial investigating anxiety and overall disability in the first year after stroke

BMC Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Rafsten ◽  
Anna Danielsson ◽  
Asa Nordin ◽  
Ann Björkdahl ◽  
Asa Lundgren-Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Team ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Stroke Care ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Outpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Early Supported Discharge ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background and purpose Early supported discharge (ESD) has been shown to be efficient and safe as part of the stroke care pathway. The best results have been seen with a multidisciplinary team and after mild to moderate stroke. However, how very early supported discharge (VESD) works has not been studied. The aim of this study was to investigate whether VESD for stroke patients in need of ongoing individualized rehabilitation affects the level of anxiety and overall disability for the patient compared with ordinary discharge routine. Methods A randomized controlled trial was performed with intention to treat analyses comparing VESD and ordinary discharge from hospital. All patients admitted at the stroke care unit at Sahlgrenska University Hospital of Gothenburg between August 2011 and April 2016 were screened. Inclusion occurred on day 4 using a block randomization of 20 and with a blinded assessor. Assessments were made 5 days post-stroke and 3 and 12 months post-stroke. Patients in the VESD group underwent continued rehabilitation in their homes with a multidisciplinary team from the stroke care unit for a maximum of 1 month. The patients in the control group had support as usual after discharge when needed such as home care service and outpatient rehabilitation. The primary outcome was anxiety as assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale (HADS-A). The secondary outcome was the patients’ degree of overall disability, measured by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results No significant differences were found between the groups regarding anxiety at three or 12 months post-stroke (p = 0.811). The overall disability was significantly lower in the VESD group 3 months post-stroke (p = 0.004), compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference between the groups 1 year post-stroke. Conclusions The VESD does not affects the level of anxiety compared to ordinary rehabilitation. The VESD leads to a faster improvement of overall disability compared to ordinary rehabilitation. We suggest considering coordinated VESD for patients with mild to moderate stroke in addition to ordinary rehabilitation as part of the service from a stroke unit. Trial registration Clinical Trials.gov: NCT01622205. Registered 19 June 2012 (retrospectively registered).

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