scholarly journals Advances of Genomic Medicine in Psoriatic Arthritis

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Carlos M. Laborde ◽  
Leyre Larzabal ◽  
Álvaro González-Cantero ◽  
Patricia Castro-Santos ◽  
Roberto Díaz-Peña
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Genomic Medicine ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Existing Data

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a common type of inflammatory arthritis found in up to 40% of patients with psoriasis. Although early diagnosis is important for reducing the risk of irreversible structural damage, there are no adequate screening tools for this purpose, and there are no clear markers of predisposition to the disease. Much evidence indicates that PsA disorder is complex and heterogeneous, where genetic and environmental factors converge to trigger inflammatory events and the development of the disease. Nevertheless, the etiologic events that underlie PsA are complex and not completely understood. In this review, we describe the existing data in PsA in order to highlight the need for further research in this disease to progress in the knowledge of its pathobiology and to obtain early diagnosis tools for these patients.

scholarly journals Recent advances in understanding and managing psoriatic arthritis

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafna D. Gladman
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
And Function

This article reviews recent advances in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) over the past several years with emphasis on early diagnosis, better understanding of pathogenesis, and new therapeutic approaches. Early diagnosis is important, since people who present late do not fare as well. There are a number of clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound features that can help identify patients destined to develop PsA, and several screening tools have been developed. It is recognized that genetic and epigenetic factors, as well as T cells and cytokines, play a role in the pathogenesis of PsA, and several targets have been identified for therapeutic interventions. New therapies have been developed and tested in PsA and have been found to be highly effective for both skin and joint manifestations of the disease. The expectation is that, in the future, PsA patients will be treated early and more aggressively and that there will not be significant progression of joint damage. Moreover, with effective treatment of the skin and joint disease and management of risk factors for the comorbidities, we can expect to reduce their occurrence and further reduce the excess mortality and reduced quality of life and function in these patients.

Overview of psoriatic arthritis pathogenesis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt de Vlam
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Heterogeneous Group ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Arthritis

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis occurring in patients with psoriasis. Some consider it as part of the heterogeneous group of diseases unified in the concept of spondyloarthritis (SpA). At least some subtypes, such as the oligoarticular and axial subtypes, can be classified as SpA. The aetiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. An enthesitis-based model was proposed to unify skin and joint manifestation and to differentiate PsA from other rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The development of PsA results from the interplay of genes, the immune response, and interaction with environmental factors. The fact that more than 80% of patients with PsA have precedent or simultaneous psoriasis suggests that the skin disease is almost a ‘condicio sine qua non’ for the development of PsA.

Ultrasound in rheumatoid arthritis

2020 ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
Andrew Filer ◽  
Maria Antonietta D’Agostino ◽  
Ilfita Sahbudin
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Ultrasound Guided ◽  
Crystal Arthritis ◽  
Rheumatology Practice

Ultrasound in increasingly used in rheumatology practice in the assessment of inflammatory patient, including facilitating early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), predicting its outcome, measuring structural damage, and monitoring its progression. This imaging modality can visualize both inflammatory and structural changes in patients with unclassified arthritis and RA, as well as other inflammatory arthritides such as psoriatic arthritis (PsA), spondyloarthropathy (SpA), and crystal arthritis. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the recent advances of this technique for in the assessment of RA. Firstly, the principles which underpin the physics of ultrasound are summarized, followed by the musculoskeletal pathologies which are amenable to ultrasound examination. In addition, it also highlights the role of ultrasound in procedures (e.g. ultrasound-guided biopsy and ultrasound-guided injection).

scholarly journals The prevalence of mesiodens in orthodontic patients in western region of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
Anjana Karmacharya ◽  
Dashrath Kafle
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Supernumerary Teeth ◽  
The Future ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Background: Mesiodens are supernumerary teeth present in the midline of the maxilla. Aims and Objective: The present study was conducted to know the prevalence of mesiodens among children aged 5 to 14 years in Pokhara, Nepal. Materials and Methods: Data was collected from 1194 orthodontic patients coming to the department of Dentistry, in Manipal Teaching Hospital from 2009 till 2019. The files were reviewed to know the prevalence, demography and the complications associated with the presence of mesiodens. Results: Our results showed that the prevalence of mesiodens was 2.84% in our population. The prevalence was significantly more among males. Children aged 10-14 years presented more than the children aged 5-10 years. Though, there were complications associated with the presence of mesiodens, none of them were symptomatic. Conclusions: Mesiodens is the most common form of supernumerary teeth in the pediatric patients which occurs as a result of genetic and environmental factors. Their early diagnosis can reduce the treatment required and therefore prevent development of associated problems in the future.

Prologue: 2012 Annual Meeting of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA)

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1407-1409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Mease ◽  
Wolf-Henning Boehncke ◽  
Dafna D. Gladman
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
European Academy ◽  
The Status ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Peripheral Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Psoriasis Severity

The 2012 Annual Meeting of the Group for Research and Assessment of Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis (GRAPPA) was held in June 2012 in Stockholm, Sweden, and attended by rheumatologists, dermatologists, and representatives of biopharmaceutical companies and patient groups from around the world. In this Prologue we introduce discussions that were held among meeting attendees. Prior to the 2012 meeting, 2 GRAPPA members organized a Fellows Symposium adjacent to the European Academy of Dermatology and Venerology meeting in Verona, where they discussed comorbidities and treatments of patients with psoriasis. The 2012 GRAPPA meeting began with a trainee symposium, where 30 rheumatology fellows and dermatology residents presented their research work. Other presentations and discussions included a review of arthritis mutilans; dermatology issues including screening tools for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and the instruments to measure psoriasis severity; cardiovascular and other comorbidities of psoriasis and PsA; development of criteria to define inflammatory arthritis, enthesitis, dactylitis, and spondylitis; distinctions between peripheral spondyloarthritis and PsA; the status of an ultrasound outcome measure for dactylitis; and updates on several GRAPPA projects, including a study of biomarkers to predict structural damage in PsA, the ongoing video project, and several education initiatives.

scholarly journals A rare presentation of multiple talon cusps

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168
Author(s):  
Lara Eunice CÂNDIDO-SOARES ◽  
Fabrício PASSADOR-SANTOS ◽  
Luiz Alexandre THOMAZ ◽  
Mario Claudio MAUTONI ◽  
Vera Cavalcanti de ARAÚJO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Developmental Anomaly ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Size And Shape ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Clinical Problems

A talon cusp is a relatively rare dental developmental anomaly characterized by the presence of accessory cusp-like structure projecting from the cingulum area or cementoenamel junction. It is frequently found on the palatal surface of the maxillary anterior teeth in the permanent dentition. The etiology is controversial, but it is suggested that this condition has a multifactorial cause, including both genetic and environmental factors. Radiographically talon cusps are radiopaque structures, in which the enamel, dentin and occasionally the pulp can be seen. The alteration is generally asymptomatic, but it may cause clinical problems eventually. Early diagnosis is important to prevent occlusal interference, irritation of the tongue, pulpal necrosis, caries and periodontal alterations. Clinical management of talon cusps may be either conservative or radical, depending on the size and shape of the affected tooth. We report a rare case of talon cusps involving all six maxillary anterior teeth in a 20-year-old patient.

scholarly journals Delayed Diagnosis of Psoriatic Arthritis Mutilans due to Arthritis Prior to Skin Lesion

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Takeshi Mochizuki ◽  
Katsunori Ikari ◽  
Ken Okazaki
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Skin Lesion ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Psoriatic Skin ◽  
Spinal Radiograph ◽  
Arthritis Mutilans

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a type of inflammatory arthritis characterized by cutaneous psoriasis, peripheral joint damage, axial joint damage, and enthesitis and is usually diagnosed after the appearance of psoriatic skin disease. PsA mutilans is relatively rare in Japan. In the present case, the patient was diagnosed with PsA with foot mutilans deformity only. Hand and spinal radiograph findings were unremarkable. As in the present case arthritis is occurred prior to the onset of skin lesion, we should make early diagnosis to prevent mutilans deformity.

scholarly journals The Molecular Pathophysiology of Psoriatic Arthritis—The Complex Interplay Between Genetic Predisposition, Epigenetics Factors, and the Microbiome

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana L. Carvalho ◽  
Christian M. Hedrich
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Microbial Tolerance ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
New Treatments

Psoriasis is a symmetric autoimmune/inflammatory disease that primarily affects the skin. In a significant proportion of cases, it is accompanied by arthritis that can affect any joint, the spine, and/or include enthesitis. Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are multifactor disorders characterized by aberrant immune responses in genetically susceptible individuals in the presence of additional (environmental) factors, including changes in microbiota and/or epigenetic marks. Epigenetic changes can be heritable or acquired (e.g., through changes in diet/microbiota or as a response to therapeutics) and, together with genetic factors, contribute to disease expression. In psoriasis, epigenetic alterations are mainly related to cell proliferation, cytokine signaling and microbial tolerance. Understanding the complex interplay between heritable and acquired pathomechanistic factors contributing to the development and maintenance of psoriasis is crucial for the identification and validation of diagnostic and predictive biomarkers, and the introduction of individualized effective and tolerable new treatments. This review summarizes the current understanding of immune activation, genetic, and environmental factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriatic arthritis. Particular focus is on the interactions between these factors to propose a multifactorial disease model.

Reductionist thinking and animal models in neuropsychiatric research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Developmental Genetic ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Plasticity

AbstractReductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.

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