scholarly journals The Effects of Live Feeding on Swimming Activity and Exhibit Use in Zoo Humboldt Penguins (Spheniscus humboldti)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-100
Author(s):  
Eduardo J. Fernandez ◽  
Mark Myers ◽  
Nancy C. Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Activity ◽  
Small Decrease ◽  
Visitor Experience ◽  
Primary Interest ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
Live Feeds

Penguins are considered among the most popular animals for zoo and aquarium visitors to observe. Swimming is considered a desirable activity, both for the visitor experience and the welfare of the penguins. However, little is known about the amount of time exhibited penguins spend swimming, or how such swimming is related to regular feeding events. We examined the effects of introducing live prey in the form of trout on 22 Humboldt penguins living at the Woodland Park Zoo. Of primary interest was how the live feeds changed (1) daily and hourly swimming activity, and (2) variability in enclosure use. We hypothesized that the live feedings would increase swimming activity prior to and during the delivery of the live trout, as well as create an overall increase in total swimming activity for live feed days compared to non-live feed days. We also predicted that the penguins would be more likely to use the entire exhibit around these live feeds, since they are likely to chase fish throughout the exhibit. Penguins did show an increase in swimming activity in the hour prior to and during the live feed, with a small decrease in swimming activity following the live feed when compared to non-live feed days. There was also a more than 30% increase in the total swimming activity for live feed days when compared to all other non-live feed days. In addition, a single measure of variability in enclosure use (entropy) showed greater overall enclosure use for the live feed days compared to the non-live feed days. These results demonstrate that live fish can be a useful way of enriching the behavioural welfare of Humboldt penguins.

scholarly journals Effect of enriching live feeds with HUFA on growth and survival of clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris (Cuvier, 1830) larvae

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4A) ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Ho Son Lam ◽  
Nguyen Thi Nguyet Hue ◽  
Dinh Truong An ◽  
Phan Thi Khanh
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Live Feeds ◽  
Set Up

The aims of this study was to evaluate the effect of HUFA-enriched live feed in rearing Nemo fish larvae (Amphiprion ocellaris), 5 treatments were set up (each treatment was repeated in triplicate) with 5 concentrations of HUFA (Super Selco) (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 ppm). After 45 days of culture with HUFA-enriched live feeds of different concentrations, the total length-TL as well as the specific growth rate (SGRL) in body length and survival rate of Nemo fish larvae in the treatments had significant differences (p < 0.05). In the enriched live prey diet of 100 ppm Selco, TL, SGRL and the survival rate of Nemo fish larvae were the highest (10.01 ± 0.150 mm, 7.20 ± 0.099%/day and 82.67 ± 0.881%, respectively). Lowest TL, SGRL and survival rate were obtained in larvae fed with the control diet (8.65 ± 0.051 mm, 6.23 ± 0.041%/day and 68.70 ± 0.881%, respectively). The results of this experiment suggest that the optimal Selco concentration used to enrich live feeds for Nemo fish larvae is 100 ppm, which can improve the production efficiency of Nemo stock.

scholarly journals COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND DIVERSITY OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN LEMUKUTAN ISLAND WATERS, WEST KALIMANTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Nora Idiawati ◽  
Ikha Safitri ◽  
Mega Sari Juane Sofiana
Keyword(s):  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Primary Interest ◽  
Dominance Index ◽  
Aquatic Resources ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Primary Producer ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Phytoplankton plays an important role in marine ecosystems as  primary producer, as the basis of food chains and the food web, and are widely used as bioindicators to monitor water condition. The study of phytoplankton is the primary interest to explore aquatic resources for blue biotechnology applications in conditions as a live feed, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, possibly food and health industry. The study aims to assess the composition, abundance and diversity of phytoplankton community in Lemukutan Island waters of West Kalimantan. The present study found 31 genera of phytoplankton, consisted of Bacillariophyceae (28 genera) and Dinophyceae (3 genera). In term of contribution, Bacillariophyceae were found to be dominant (93.035%) than dinophyceae (6.965%). The abundance of phytoplankton varied between 636.91 to 2034.48 cell.L-1. The diversity index (H’), the evenness (E) index, and the dominance (C) index ranged from 1.959–2.579, 0.582–0.868, 0.094–0.283, respectively. The result showed that the diversity index was moderate, the evenness index was high, and the dominance index was low. 

scholarly journals Application of Live Feeds in the Freshwater Ornamental Fish Larvae of Puntius Dorsalis (Jerdon)

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
B. Victor ◽  
M. Mannar Mannan ◽  
M. Maridass ◽  
P. Murphy Alexander ◽  
J. M. A. P. Arachi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Maximum Growth Rate ◽  
Ornamental Fish ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Larval Fishes ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Live Feeds

Feeding experiment conducted under laboratory conditions, to determine the suitability of live feed for the larvae of ornamental fish Puntius dorsalis, shows the increase of specific growth rate and weight gain when they were fed with mosquito larvae( 3.284 and 8.04%/day),chironomus larvae(3.308 and 6.24%/day),chopped earthworm (2.618 and 4.39%/day). The maximum growth rate,0.614g was observed in mosquito larvae feed followed by chironomus larvae(0.522 g),chopped earthworm(0.411g) and plankton(0.405g). The present study indicates that mosquito larvae could be used as a suitable live feed for feeding Puntius dorsalis larval fishes.

Learning to hunt: the role of experience in predator success

Behaviour ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 147 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Seebacher ◽  
Ashley Ward ◽  
Amelia Reid
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Gambusia Holbrooki ◽  
Fish Prey ◽  
Live Prey ◽  
Live Fish ◽  
Innate Behaviour ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Hunting Efficiency

AbstractAnimal behaviour is a composite of innate and learned components. During their lifetimes, animals typically gain experience and manifest learning, thereby augmenting or modifying genetically determined, innate behaviour patterns. Following a training period during which predatory fish (jade perch, Scortum barcoo) were allocated to treatments and given experience of either live prey (mosquitofish, Gambusia holbrooki), freshly killed prey, or cichlid pellets with equal nutritional value, we tested the response of the predators to the prey in an experimental arena. Across all treatments, there was no difference in the number of attacks made by the predators on the prey, however the predators with experience of live fish prey were significantly more successful in capturing prey than those without previous experience of live prey. These results suggest that, in this piscivorous predator, the recognition of prey has an innate component, but that hunting efficiency is increased through experience. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for the release of hatchery-reared fish into the wild, the majority of which are predatory.

scholarly journals Studies on the Survival and Growth of Fry ofCatla catla(Hamilton, 1922) Using Live Feed

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Kadhar ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Jawahar Ali ◽  
Akbar John
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Catla Catla ◽  
Mixed Diet ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Live Feeds ◽  
Commercial Feed ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Survival And Growth

Effect of live feed on the survival and growth of fry ofCatla catlausing three different live feeds namely, Cyclopoid (Thermocyclops decipiens), Cladoceran (Moina micrura), and mixed diet (Cyclopoid and Cladoceran) were studied. Commercial feed (Sunder’s feed) was used as control. Feeding experiments were carried out in 100 L tanks for 40 days. Fish fry fed with the mixed diet showed significantly better survival rate (54.80 ± 2.43%) than those fed with other food types(P<0.001). Fish fry fed with Cyclopoid had significantly(P<0.001)better growth (26.03 ± 1.88 mm, weight 61.07 ± 3.53 mg) than those fed with other food types. Biochemical studies showed higher level of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid content inCatlafry fed with Cyclopoid diet. The results are discussed in the light of the literature available. It could be suggested that the Cyclopoid diet can be used as live feed for effective production ofCatlafry.

Dormant eggs of a calanoid copepod from tropical brackish aquaculture ponds

Crustaceana ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Beyrend-Dur ◽  
Gaël Dur ◽  
Sami Souissi ◽  
Jiang-Shiou Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Calanoid Copepod ◽  
Calanoid Copepods ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Live Feeds ◽  
Tropical Aquaculture ◽  
Copepod Eggs ◽  
Dormant Eggs

Many Asian aquaculture farms cultivate copepods as live-feed for aquaculture species, as copepod nutritional and behavioural qualities are usually higher than those of traditional live-feeds (i.e., Artemia and rotifers). The most convenient method to use zooplankton in aquaculture as live feed involves dormant eggs. In this study, to establish whether the copepod species of the tropical Taiwanese ponds exhibit quiescence of their eggs, several sediment samples were collected from the ponds and incubated at low temperature. After 3 months of cold incubation, several nauplii of Acartia bilobata Abraham, 1970 hatched from the sediment at high temperature over several days. Further investigations need to be conducted to understand the origin of the dormancy (i.e., induced originally in the field or in the laboratory). Nevertheless, it is the first reported case of dormant eggs in calanoid copepods in tropical regions. The present study will certainly find some interest in tropical aquaculture as our results showed that long-term storage of tropical calanoid copepod eggs is possible, even if collected directly from the sediment without sorting the eggs.

scholarly journals Probiotic correction of Daphnia magna microbial profile using Lactobacillus casei UCM7280

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Lidiia Khuda ◽  
Mykola Spivak ◽  
Oleksandr Demchenko ◽  
Oksana Karucheru ◽  
Olha Frunza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Optimal Schedule ◽  
Density Level ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Microbial Profile ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Live Feeds

The anthibiotics use in aquaculture these days is severely restricted by European standarts of marketable fish products quality. According to this, one of the most efficient alternatives are probiotics. So the search of applicable probiotic microorganisms that can be applied in aquaculture is relevant. On the other side, probiotics introduction into the fish body is usually accomplished in composition with dry feed as a biofilm. But a lot of fish larvae are not capable of consuming dry artificial feed due to numerous reasons. For their transmission for endogenic nourishment from exogenic live feeds are used in aquaculture, which have a higher level of digestibility compared to granulated feed. One more advantage of live feed is that they can be used as vectors to provide the targeted delivery of probiotics into fish body. In this work Lactobacillus casei IMV 7280 was firsly tested for the needs of aquaculture. It is shown that the usage of this probiotic during the growing of carp whitebaits stimulates it growth and leads to unwanted microflora suppresion in water as well as in fish bodies. The optimal schedule of L. сasei UCM 7280 bioencapsulation into live feed with Daphnia magna as an example is designed and suggested. It is shown that bioencapsulation procedure realization does not repress D. magna΄s normal mocrobiome, provides the increase of proteins and lipids level for 1,2 and 1,4 times accordingly and spends up the increasing of density level of fodder organisms.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PAKAN ALAMI Moina sp. DENGAN DOSIS YANG BERBEDA DALAM Feeding Regime TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELULUSHIDUPAN LARVA IKAN BAUNG (Hemibagrus nemurus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anggi Trisna Dewi ◽  
Suminto Suminto ◽  
Ristiawan Agung Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Larval Rearing ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Live Feed ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Live Feeds ◽  
Absolute Length

Baung (Hemibagrus nemurus) is one of the endogeneous freshwater fish that has economic value. Baung still rarely cultivated and only relies on catches, so its need to be cultivated. Live feed must be given the appropriate amount because the fish will grow not optimally if the feed is a few or too much. Moina sp. is one of the live feeds that can be given to baung larvae. The nutritions content of Moina sp. were 37.38% protein, 13.29% fat, 0.00% crude fiber, 11.00% ash, and 99.60% moisture content. Size of Moina sp. that suitable for larvae ranges is 500 – 1,000 μm.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of live feed Moina sp. with different doses in feeding regime on growth and survival of larvae baung and to determine the best dose of Moina sp. on growth and survival larvae baung. The research was carried out at the Technical Implementation Unit of the Fish Larvae Center (UPT BBI) Sawangan, Magelang District in March – May 2018. The individuals of D3 larvae with a length of 0.6 ± 0.1 cm were used in the culture. The research was conducted using experimental method with completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replicates. Those treatments  were treatment A (5ind / ml), B (10 ind / ml), C (15 ind / ml), and D (20 ind / ml).The results showed that the different dose of live feed Moina sp. significantly affected (P <0.01) on TKP, Pm, SGR, EPP, PER and RGR but not significantly affected  (P>0.05) on SR. in. treatment D showed the best value of absolute length, SGR and SR in D3D15 stage were 0.9 ± 0.10, 7.04 ± 0.5, 90 ± 3.3,respectivel. In other addition of  D15-D28 had absolute length, SGR, FCR, Feed utilization efficiency, PER, RGR and SR were 0.8 ± 0.10, SGR 3.55 ± 0.17 , 1.31 ± 0.1, 76.76 ± 6.2,1.53 ± 0.1, 5.24 ± 0.5, 85.22 ± 3.5. However,20 ind/ml of Moina sp dosage which be recommend for baung larval rearing in hatchery.

Sense of Place in Place Making of Creative Multimedia Foundation Studies Annual Exhibition

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-56
Author(s):  
Elyna Amir Sharji ◽  
Lim Yan Peng ◽  
Peter Charles Woods ◽  
Vimala Perumal ◽  
Rose Linda Zainal Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Sense Of Place ◽  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Empty Space ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Visitor Experience ◽  
Place Making ◽  
Individual Behaviour ◽  
The People

The challenge of transforming an empty space into a gallery setting takes on the concept of place making. A place can be seen as space that has meaning when the setting considers space, surroundings, contents, the people and its activities. This research concentrates on investigating how visitors perceive the space by gauging their sense of place (sense of belonging towards a place). Galleries are currently facing changes in this technological era whereby multiple content and context, space and form, display modes, tools and devices are introduced in one single space. An observational study was done during the Foundation Studies Annual Exhibition held at Faculty of Creative Multimedia, Multimedia University. The exhibition was curated and managed by staff and students of Foundation Year showcasing an array of design works. Analogue and digital presentations of paintings, drawings, sculptures, photography and video works were displayed.. The outcome of this research will contribute towards a better design criteria of place making which affects individual behaviour, social values and attitudes. Characterizing types of visitor experience will improve the understanding of a better design criteria of place making, acceptance, understanding and satisfaction.

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