scholarly journals Game Theory-Based Analysis of Local Governments’ Behavioral Dissimilation in the Third-Party Soil Pollution Control under Chinese-Style Fiscal Decentralization

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 389
Author(s):  
Caihua Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The Third ◽  
Party Control ◽  
The Third Party

The participation of a third party of the environmental service enterprise theoretically increases the level and efficiency of soil pollution control in China. However, Chinese-style fiscal decentralization may have a negative impact on the behaviors of participants, especially the local government. First, this paper conducts a positioning analysis on participants of the third-party soil pollution control in China and discusses the behavioral dissimilation of the local government under fiscal decentralization. Second, taking the government’s third-party soil pollution control as a case, a two-party game model of the central government and the local government is established around the principal-agent relationship, and a tripartite game model of the central government, the local government, and the third-party enterprise is designed around the collusion between the local government and the third-party enterprise. The results show that Chinese-style fiscal decentralization may lead to the behavioral dissimilation of local governments, that is, they may choose not to implement or passively implement the third-party control, and choose to conspire with third-party enterprises. Improving the benefits from implementing the third-party control of local governments and third-party enterprises, enhancing the central government’s supervision probability and capacity, and strengthening the central government’s punishment for behavioral dissimilation are conducive to the implementation of the third-party soil pollution control. Finally, this study puts forward policy suggestions on dividing the administrative powers between the central and local government in third-party control, building appraisal systems for the local government’s environmental protection performance, constructing environmental regulation mechanisms involving the government, market and society, and formulating the incentive and restraint policies for the participants in the third-party soil pollution control.

scholarly journals Does Fiscal Policy Promote Third-Party Environmental Pollution Control in China? An Evolutionary Game Theoretical Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caihua Zhou ◽  
Hualin Xie ◽  
Xinmin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Third Party

To promote third-party environmental pollution control in China, it is necessary to dissect the mechanism of fiscal policy in third-party environmental pollution control. This study first discusses the acting paths of fiscal policies on third-party environmental pollution control in theory. A tripartite evolutionary game model involving the local government, the polluting enterprise, and the third-party enterprise is established. The replicator dynamics, evolutionary stability strategies, and numerical simulation of the behavior of the three participants are analyzed to further study the acting mechanism of fiscal policy in third-party environmental pollution control. In addition, the influences of other parameters on the implementation of third-party environmental pollution control are evaluated. The results show that the behaviors of the local government, the polluting enterprise, and the third-party enterprise influence each other. Furthermore, strengthening the relevant fiscal policy, reducing the risks of the polluting enterprise and third-party enterprise, and improving the benefit to the local government are conducive to promoting third-party environmental pollution control in China. Based on these results, this study proposes the following policy implications: formulating fiscal policies for third-party environmental pollution control, implementing fiscal policies in a dynamic and progressive manner, improving the market mechanism of third-party environmental pollution control, and strengthening the environmental performance assessment of the local government.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN REGIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR THE HANDLING OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Yurispruden ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Fahrul Abrori
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Relationship

 ABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia membuat pemerintah membuat kebijakan-kebijakan sebagai stimulus untuk menjaga kestabilan masyarakat dan perekonomian. Pemerintah pusat memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah daerah untuk mengelola keuangan daerah untuk menangani covid-19 di daerah masing-masing. Hal ini disebabkan karena pemerintah daerah lebih memahami kebutuhan daerahnya. Permasalahan yang diangkat Pertama, bagaimana hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Kedua, Apa peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu desentralisasi fiskal yang mana. Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu dengan melakukan refocusing kegiatan, realokasi anggaran, dan Penggunaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah.Kata kunci: Pemerintah Daerah, Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah, Pandemi Covid-19 ABSTRACTThe Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia led the government to make policies as a stimulus to maintain the stability of society and the economy. The central government authorizes local governments to manage local finances to deal with covid-19 in their respective regions. This is because the local government better understands the needs of the region. The issue raised first, how is the relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Second, What is the role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Using normative juridical research methods with statutory approaches and concept approaches. The relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in Financial Management for the Handling of the Covid-19 Pandemic is fiscal decentralization. The role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic is by refocusing activities, reallocating budgets, and using regional budgets.Keywords: Local Government, Regional Financial Management, Covid-19 Pandemic

scholarly journals Dampak Desentralisasi Fiskal terhadap Volatilitas Belanja Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-138
Author(s):  
Benedictus Raksaka Mahi ◽  
Syarah Siti Supriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Government Transparency ◽  
Before And After

The volatility of expenditures sub-local derived from central government transparency in transfers to local governments may aggravate sublocal economy. This study aims to analyze the eect of fiscal decentralization to the level of volatility of local government spending in 230 sub-local in Indonesia. We use two periods, before and after the implementation of Law No. 28 Year 2009. The regression results indicate that the volatility of local government spending may decrease if the degree of fiscal decentralization increases, especially at the time when districts implement that law. As responsive taxation can provide incentives for smooth spending for sub-local government. ================================= Volatilitas belanja pemerintah kabupaten/kota yang berasal dari ketidakpastian transfer pemerintah pusat kepada pemerintah daerah dapat memperburuk perekonomian kabupaten/kota. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh desentralisasi fiskal terhadap tingkat volatilitas belanja riil pemerintah pada 230 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia serta membandingkan data sebelum dan sesudah implementasi UU No. 28 Tahun 2009. Hasil menunjukkan semakin tinggi derajat desentralisasi fiskal, cenderung menurunkan volatilitas belanja riil pemerintah kabupaten/kota karena kemampuan fiskal kabupaten/kota cenderung meningkat setelah implementasi UU tersebut. Pajak properti merupakan sumber penerimaan daerah yang dapat diprediksi sehingga pemerintah kabupaten/kota dapat mengelola belanja daerahnya dengan lebih pasti dan terukur.

scholarly journals Study on Application of the Evaluation Indicator System for the Third-party Environmental Pollution Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Xu Bingsheng ◽  
Guo Huiting ◽  
Lin Ling ◽  
Huang Jin ◽  
Hou Shan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Indicator System ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Evaluation Indicator ◽  
The Third ◽  
Evaluation Indicator System ◽  
The Third Party

A pilot evaluation indicator system was applied to environmental pollution governance. Four iron and steel enterprises introducing the third-party environmental pollution governance service were selected to carry out the evaluation and application, including sintering flue gas desulfurization and dust removal projects and waste water comprehensive treatment projects to which iron and steel enterprises pay high attention in “the 13th Five-Year Plan” period. Delphi Method was used to grade and quantify each indicator according to experience and determine the validity of scores. Radar charts for the four enterprises were formed based on the weights of Level-2 indicators for comprehensive evaluation and quantification of basic capability, facility operation, technical economy, environmental benefits and management level, and conclusions related to advantages and disadvantages of these enterprises were drawn. This research supplies a scientific method for evaluating the effect of environmental pollution control by third-party enterprises.

scholarly journals The Effect of Fiscal Decentralization on the Accountability of City / District Government Financial Reporting in Indonesia and the Regional Government's Financial Performance as a Moderation Variable

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 370-376
Author(s):  
Wahida Nurmuthmainnah ◽  
Syarifuddin . ◽  
Mediaty .
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Regional Governments

This study aims to provide an overview of the effects of fiscal decentralization in proxies with regional independence and regional dependence on the central government regarding accountability of regional financial reporting and financial performance of Local Governments as moderating variables. The type of data used in this study is secondary data, panel data in the form of time series data from 2015 to 2017 and cross section data from 509 districts / cities in Indonesia. The sample selection in this study was purposive sampling by creating a cluster of western, central and eastern regions, so that 135 samples were obtained. The results showed that: (1) Regional independence had a positive effect on the accountability of local government financial reports. (2) Regional Dependence has a negative effect on the Accountability of Regional Government Financial Statements. (3) The financial performance of regional governments can moderate the influence of regional independence on the accountability of local government financial reports. (4) The financial performance of regional governments can moderate the effect of regional dependence on the accountability of local government financial statements.

Local government modernization in Albania

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 466-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elona Guga
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose An attempt will be made to shed light on the course and pattern of the decentralization process by analyzing the historical development of local government and the territorial-administrative reform of 2015-2020 in Albania and the factors that have been shaping it. The scope is to understand the impact of the reform elements on the subnational governments and in general their overall impact on the government. The purpose of this paper is to fill the gap in the existing literature for Albania and at offering some insights on the administrative-territorial reform. Furthermore, it will contribute to the current debate on fiscal decentralization in South Eastern European (SEE) countries and the public management model implemented after the last reforms. Design/methodology/approach The first section analyzes the historical development of local government reforms from the 1990s to today and will help to identify if there is instrumentalism advocacy. The second section explains the determinants of the local government’s fiscal autonomy in Albania of the period from 2003 to 2016. Three indicators are used as proxies for fiscal decentralization: the proportion of subnational expenditure over national expenditure, of total subnational revenues over total revenues of central government and the indicator of own subnational revenues over total revenues of the central government. The data from the budget and the revised budgets are then compared. Findings Despite Albania’s commitment to decentralize its government functions, there is still work to do. The territorial and administrative reform has not generated the expected results. Almost 90 percent of the revenues still come from the central government’s unconditional transfers. Therefore, the Albanian Government should build capacities and skills, and train the employees of each level of government that currently benefit from international assistance. Research limitations/implications The analysis represents a single case study on the territorial-administrative reform in Albania. Its implementation started in 2015 and it is probably too early to discuss outcomes. However, it might be useful to analyze the first results after a two-and-a-half-year period of implementation of reforms. Despite contributing to the existing gap in the literature, additional research will be necessary to better understand the decentralization process not only in Albania, but in all SEE countries. Practical implications It is necessary to first understand the lack of initial output, as well as the various challenges faced, in order to take the corrective measures on time. Originality/value This paper discusses in detail the reform adopted and the progress made by the Albanian local government units. The reform attempts to develop better relationships between the central and local governments and hence improve their service delivery, transparency and accountability. This paper is the first one that is attempting to analyze the initial output of the territorial-administrative reform of 2015-2020.

scholarly journals The Effects of Local Government Characteristics and Audit Opinion on the Performance of District and City Governments in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162
Author(s):  
Evada Dewata ◽  
Hadi Jauhari ◽  
Siska Aprianti ◽  
Eka Nurfa Hijria
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Audit Opinion ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
District Government ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to examine the influence of district and city characteristics (fiscal decentralization ratio, dependency level on the central government, capital expenditure, age, regional status, population) and audit opinion on the performance of local and district government in Indonesia for the period of 2013-2015. Population of this study consists of all local government units of districts and cities in Indonesia for the years of 2013-2015. The purposive sampling method was used resulting in a total of 1,158 samples for three years period observations. The results of this study indicate that the variables of age area, population, and audit opinion have a positive effect on the performance of the studied Districts and Cities. Conversely, the dependency level on the central government has a negative effect on the performance of studied local governments. However, the ratio of fiscal decentralization, the capital expenditure, and the regional status have no effect on the performance of the local governments

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF THE POLITICAL AND FISCAL DECENTRALIZATION OF THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN 2012-2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
ANA TSITLIDZE
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Fundamental Principle ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Formal Control ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Key Issues

The article contains a concept about Political and fiscal decentralization problem in Georgia during “2012-2019” For each democratic state strong local government and its political and fiscal decentralization is a fundamental principle of democracy. A local government is a form of public administration which, in a majority of contexts, exists as the lowest tier of administration within a given state. It contains political, fiscal and administration decentralization which means to transfer power from central government to municipality. In the way of Democracy and European integration as a still democracy development county, Local Government development and its Political and fiscal decentralization is an important and key issues for Georgia. Aim of the Article: To analyze the process and the problem of Political and Fiscal decentralization of Local Government in Georgia during 2012-2019. What type of problem we have and what is the main problem for Political and Fiscal decentralization of Local Government in Georgia. Despite all of reforms from independence to nowadays, political and fiscal decentralization of local Government is a problem for all governments in Georgia. The main reason for all of them was political control under the Local governments. After 2012, the hope that the new Government can implement real political da fiscal decentralization of local government was big. But reality is different. Despite two reforms of Local Government during 2012-2019, until now the problem of political and fiscal decentralization in Georgia is the same: no formal control of Local Governments, Most of Financial resources still have central Government, Local Governmnts have no possibility to implement their power independently, they have no own property and sufficient financial resources. In this article we give a recommendations how to improve political and fiscal decentralization aspects in Geogria and what the main problem is.

scholarly journals Fiscal Decentralization and Alternative Financial Sources for the Local Self-Government in Republic of North Macedonia - Overview

SEEU Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Jeton Mazllami
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Candidate Country ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Local governance in developing countries demonstrates many problems related to financial sources and good governance of their finances. Local Self-Government (LSG) units in the Republic of North Macedonia are very small which results in a lack of capabilities to raise enough funds to offer delegated services. The local government in the Republic of North Macedonia centralizes almost all public finance. Local budgets depend heavily on state transfers and donations from the central budget. The lack of funds remained a crucial problem even though there were some attempts for the decentralization process. Practically, governments in many of the local governments in North Macedonia could not secure their resources. In this way, they could come with specific charges, but all taxes are decided by the central government. The practice showed that local governments before borrowing needs to be approved by the Ministry of Finance. The Republic of North Macedonia as a potential candidate to join the European Union should make several changes regarding the legislation during the process of accession to benefit from being a small candidate country. The main aim of this paper is to investigate alternative financial sources such are Municipal Bonds, Partnership Sukuk securities, and PPP. Unfortunately, many financial alternatives have not been able to be implemented due to failures in reforms and good financial governance. But they remain an open opportunity for developing a local government in the future.

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