scholarly journals Effects of Spatial Elements of Urban Landscape Forests on the Restoration Potential and Preference of Adolescents

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1349
Author(s):  
Linjia Wu ◽  
Qidi Dong ◽  
Shixian Luo ◽  
Wenyuan Jiang ◽  
Ming Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Recovery Potential ◽  
Restoration Potential ◽  
The Impact

City green space can promote people’s health and aesthetic satisfaction; however, most extant research focuses on suburban forests and urban parks. Urban landscape forests have important ecological and aesthetic value for urban environments. This study conducted a visual stimulation to examine the impact of four common spatial element combinations in urban landscape forests on teenagers’ recovery potential and preference. The results indicate that urban landscape forests had positive physiological and psychological effects on adolescents, including decreased blood pressure, improved heart rate, reduced anxiety, and improved recovery ability. Diastolic blood pressure relief performance was better among males than females. In addition, a stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to explore the quantitative relationship between spatial elements and recovery and preference values. The results demonstrate that water elements were a significant predictor in the quantitative relationship between spatial elements in landscape forests and restoration and preference values. Terrain, flower, and shrub elements did not have a significant effect on overall restoration and preference values. This study highlights the intervention value of urban landscape forests in promoting the health and well-being of adolescents, with implications for future planning and design of urban landscape forests.

scholarly journals Impact of window views on recovery—an example of post-cesarean section women

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 798-803
Author(s):  
Chia-Hui Wang ◽  
Nai-Wen Kuo ◽  
Kathryn Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
Perceived Pain ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Visual Impacts ◽  
Daylight Exposure ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to examine the impact of urban landscape from window views on quality of care for women who underwent Cesarean Section (C-section) in Taiwan. Design The participants were randomly assigned into 46 different hospital rooms to see the effects of various window views and daylight exposure on women’s recovery from post C-section care. Setting We carried out this study in the obstetrics departments of three tertiary hospitals located in two major cities of Taiwan: Taipei City and New Taipei City. Participants A total of 296 women who underwent C-sections and used patient-controlled analgesic (PCA) for pain control after their surgery during the 10-month data collection period were recruited for this study. Intervention The 46 different patient rooms provided diverse window views and different daylight exposure for the participants. Main Outcome Measures Recovery for the women who underwent C-sections in this study was defined as PCA usage and perceived pain measured by Brief Pain Inventory (BFI). Results Higher satisfaction of window view significantly decreased analgesic usage (P = 0.057), reduced the scores of overall perceived pain (P = 0.046), pain severity (P = 0.004), and ‘pain’s interference with relations with others, enjoyment of life, and mood (REM).’ (P = 0.095). Conclusions To maximize benefit and well-being of patients recovering from surgery, health care architects should design patient rooms to create maximum satisfaction with visual impacts and optimize window views. By doing so, it may decrease the use of pain medication and substantially reduce healthcare costs.

A comparison of physical activity, physical fitness levels, BMI and blood pressure of adults with intellectual disability, who do and do not take part in Special Olympics Ireland programmes: Results from the SOPHIE study

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Walsh ◽  
Sarahjane Belton ◽  
Sarah Meegan ◽  
Kirsty Bowers ◽  
Deidre Corby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Special Olympics ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fitness Levels

People with an intellectual disability are less physically active, live more sedentary lives, have lower fitness levels and are more likely to be overweight or obese than the general population. No evidence exists on the impact of participation in Special Olympics Ireland (SOI) on physical activity and physical fitness levels. Adults with intellectual disabilities (16–64 years) were recruited from services and SOI clubs. Physical measures included waist circumference, height, weight, blood pressure, heart rate and 6-min walking test. Self-report questionnaires gathered data on physical activity levels. Actigraph (GT3X) accelerometers were used to gain an objective measure of physical activity. SOI participants accumulated more moderate to vigorous physical activity per day, had higher fitness levels and more positive health profile scores than those not taking part in SOI. SOI has the potential to make a positive difference to people’s physical health and subsequently their overall health and well-being.

scholarly journals Physiological and Psychological Effects of Nature Experiences in Different Forests on Young People

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1391
Author(s):  
Qiaohui Liu ◽  
Xiaoping Wang ◽  
Jinglan Liu ◽  
Congying An ◽  
Yuqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Urban Site ◽  
Walking Activity ◽  
The Impact

Many studies have proved that having nature experiences in forests is conducive to human physiological and psychological health. However, currently there is little research focusing on the effects of forest characteristics and the experiential characteristics of nature experiences on changes in health. In the study, three types of forest (mixed forest; deciduous forest; coniferous forest) and an urban site were used to measure the effects of these environments on participants’ physiological and psychological restoration after nature experience activities (sitting and walking activities). The study participants were 30 young adult students from Beijing Forestry University. Restorative effects were measured by physiological indicators (blood pressure and heart rate) and four psychological questionnaires (Profile of Mood States (POMS); Restorative Outcome Scale (ROS); Subjective Vitality Scale (SVS); Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS)). Results demonstrated that all types of forest were beneficial to lower blood pressure and heart rate as well as to reduce negative feelings while boosting positive emotions. The mixed forest was more effective in lowering blood pressure and heart rate as well as increasing vitality. The levels of restoration and positive mental health increased significantly, while all subscales of the POMS (with the exception of vigor) decreased greatly in the coniferous forest. Relative to the sitting activity, obvious decreases in blood pressure and negative emotions were observed, while significant increases in restoration, vitality and positive mental health were observed after the walking activity. In conclusion, the impact on subjects’ health restoration varied with different forest characteristics, and the experiential characteristics of exposure may be helpful for creating supportive interventions and lifting the benefits of forest therapy as people interact with the forest.

scholarly journals Gratitude and Forgiveness as Predictors of Subjective Well-Being Among Young Adults in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-738
Author(s):  
Hudaa Hermaen ◽  
Zainab Hussain Bhutto
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Positive Relation ◽  
The Impact

The present study was aimed to explore the impact of gratitude and forgiveness in predicting subjective well-being in young adults. The sample for the study included 300 participants between the ages of 18 and 24 years who were conveniently selected from a university in Karachi city. Gratitude Questionnaire (McCullough et al., 2002), Heartland Forgiveness Scale (Thompson et al., 2005) and Flourishing Scale (Diener et al., 2010) were used as the measures to collect data. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed gratitude to be nonsignificant predictor of subjective well-being, whereas, forgiveness was found to be a significant predictor of subjective well-being . Further, weak positive relation of gratitude with subjective well-being (r = .14), and forgiveness with subjective well-being (r = .34) has been found. However, the explanatory power of this model was revealed to be significant (R2 = .12), suggesting that the variables share an important association which needs further extensive study. This study implies that forgiveness and gratitude may be effectively used in psychotherapy and substantially integrated in general counselling for young adult clients.

Blood pressure profile in pregnancy: The impact of its duration on results and patients' well-being

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-300
Author(s):  
Komal Chohan ◽  
Melissa Delgado ◽  
Monique Atkinson ◽  
Angela Cong ◽  
Therese Mcgee
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Pressure Profile ◽  
Blood Pressure Profile ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Im Test: Wald als Ressource für psychisches Wohlbefinden | In Test: Forest serving as a resource for psychological well-being

2010 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dörte Martens ◽  
Nicole Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Presentation Mode ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Exposure Condition ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Presentation Modes ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
In The Wild

Physical environment influences human health and well-being. In comparison with urban environments, natural environments contribute towards psychological well-being, which has been shown in several studies. However, a comparison of the effects caused by different natural conditions has not been focused on much. Furthermore, experiments on this topic are dominated by visual stimulation modes. Our work addresses these shortcomings. First, the dichotomy of natural and urban environments is opened up by comparing different natural environments – wild and tended forest – analyzing their impact on well-being. Second, the presentation mode, possibly influencing well-being itself, is systematically varied. In a 2 × 2 experimental design, participants from Zurich, Switzerland (N = 196), were randomly assigned to one of the treatment conditions: a walk in a wild or a tended forest area, presented by real exposure or in the laboratory by video. Self-reported well-being was assessed by standardized multidimensional scales in a pre-post design. The results demonstrate that the maintenance elicits different degrees of intensity in the influence on psychological well-being. The tended forest affected well-being more positively in some aspects, possibly due to a higher amount of dead wood arousing sadness in the wild forest. For designing urban natural areas, an appropriate degree of care should be visible for the visitor to increase the overall positive effect on well-being. Concerning the comparison of presentation modes, results show a stronger effect in the real exposure condition. However, the effect was unidirectional under both conditions, indicating the possibility to generalize laboratory results. This is important for conceptualizing further research on restoration and well-being elicited in laboratory settings.

scholarly journals Propositions for the Aesthetic Continuity of Urban Landscapes

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402094185
Author(s):  
Hyejung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Spiritual Experience ◽  
Shared Environment ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Irreversible Loss ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Ethical Significance

While many global societies have undergone radical transformations, places have suffered from the irreversible loss of public memory. The value of continuity in the urban landscape has gradually declined due to the culture of “avant-gardism.” This article explores the enduring values necessary for human cohabitation and aesthetic qualities inherent in the rapidly changing urban environments of today. It draws attention to the ethical significance of continuity as the whole notion of “place” hinges, and argues that the experience of urban continuity in everyday life is an intrinsic and instrumental factor for our sense of identity, well-being, and belonging. Continuity, as predicated on human existence, is essential for the evolutionary, ecological, cognitive, cultural, and spiritual experience of the shared environment. The proposed dimensions of an aesthetic continuity are intended to provide a normative and pragmatic framework useful for application to placemaking in ever-changing urban environments.

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Glyconutrient Ambrotose™ on Immunity, Gut Health, and Safety in Men and Women: A Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1751
Author(s):  
Richard J. Bloomer ◽  
Matthew Butawan ◽  
Marie van der Merwe ◽  
Faith H. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Impact

Background: Certain dietary fibers have been reported to improve gut health and cellular immunity. Ambrotose is a glyconutrient supplement that contains mannose-rich polysaccharides (acemannan), reported to improve immune function. A more nutrient-dense version of this dietary supplement has been developed recently, with added aloe leaf gel powder (acemannan). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the traditional and newly developed Ambrotose products on immunity, gut health, and psychological well-being in healthy men and women. Methods: Seventy-five men and women were randomly assigned in double-blind manner to one of five treatments, as follows: Ambrotose Advanced (AA) at 2 or 4 g daily, Ambrotose LIFE (AL) at 2 or 4 g daily, or placebo. Subjects ingested their assigned treatment daily for eight weeks. Resting heart rate, blood pressure, and measures of psychological well-being were analyzed before and after four and eight weeks of supplementation. Blood samples were collected at the same times and analyzed for zonulin, hematology measures, and cytokines—IL-6, IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α (analyzed both with and without stimulation via lipopolysaccharide [LPS]). Results: All Ambrotose treatments were well-tolerated. There were no differences among treatments in heart rate or blood pressure across time. Self-reported well-being scores were generally higher for the Ambrotose treatments but there were no changes of statistical significance across time (p > 0.05). Differences of statistical significance were noted for select biochemical variables, the most notable being a dramatic decrease in monocytes in the Ambrotose groups. No change was noted in the cytokine response to LPS stimulation in all groups, indicating a maintenance of a healthy immune response. Conclusion:Regular supplementation with Ambrotose is safe and can improve subclinical cellular adversity (as evidenced by a decrease in monocytes), without unnecessary activation of an immune response.

scholarly journals Biurokracja a wzrost gospodarczy kraju

2004 ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
Aldona Zawojska
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
Quality Of Governance ◽  
State Bureaucracy ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this paper is to show that the type of state bureaucracy is a key determinant of the country' s economic growth. In its theoretical part, the paper reviews the scientific literature that addresses the impact of the state organisation and quality of governance on economic growth and development: In the second part, the author empirically examines a quantitative relationship between macroeconomic performance in Poland over the 1995-2002 period and such bureaucracy characteristics as employment in public administration, defence and compulsory social security as well as the average remunerations in this section. The findings indicate that the country's economic growth rate and its GDP per capita are directly correlated to the level of employment and wages in public administration sector. According to simple linear regression analysis, both an increase in the number of public bureaucrats and the level of their wages adversely affect the rate of economic growth.

scholarly journals Drag Distribution in Idealized Heterogeneous Urban Environments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birgit S. Sützl ◽  
Gabriel G. Rooney ◽  
Maarten van Reeuwijk
Keyword(s):  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Urban Canopy ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Frontal Area ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Large-eddy simulations of nine idealized heterogeneous urban morphologies with identical building density and frontal area index are used to explore the impact of heterogeneity on urban airflow. The fractal-like urban morphologies were generated with a new open-source Urban Landscape Generator tool (doi:10.5281/zenodo.3747475). The vertical structure of mean flow and the dispersive vertical momentum transport within the roughness sublayer are shown to be strongly influenced by the building morphologies. The friction velocity and displacement height show high correlations with the maximum building height rather than the average height. Well-known roughness parametrizations of the logarithmic layer cannot adequately capture the large spread observed in the large-eddy simulation data. A generalized frontal area index $${\Lambda }_f$$ Λ f is introduced that characterizes the vertical distribution of the frontal area in the urban canopy. The vertically distributed stress profiles, which differ significantly per simulation, are shown to roughly collapse upon plotting them against $${\Lambda }_f$$ Λ f . The stress distribution representing urban drag can be fitted with a third degree polynomial. The results can be used for more detailed and robust representations of building effects in the development of urban canopy models.

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