Navigating between Tea and Rubber in Xishuangbanna, China: When New Crops Fail and Old Ones Work

Following the massive expansion of rubber plantations in China, considerable research has been conducted on the impact of these landscape changes. The general consensus is that there have been negative impacts on the environment and positive impacts on local economies. However, since rubber prices dropped after 2011, the economic benefit to the local people is challenged and the impact on the local people and communities remains unclear. Using a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods, this longitudinal study investigates how the drop in rubber prices has affected a local community and the local people in Manlin, Xishuangbanna, China. It investigates local coping strategies and the importance of alternative income sources and shows how differentiated access to alternative lands creates increased economic inequality within the village when prices fluctuate. Three general coping strategies were identified amongst local rubber farmers: doing business as usual, changing rubber management practices, and stopping- or decreasing tapping frequency. Differences in coping strategies are linked to factors including access to alternative income sources and rubber perceptions. Moreover, households with access to tea land were found to have experienced negligible impacts of decreasing rubber prices as income from tea has increased more than income from rubber has decreased, leading to increasing intra-village economic inequality. We conclude that while this is a clear case of how income diversification is important for reducing livelihood vulnerability, it also shows that the large focus on rubber farming has created benefits in terms of improved infrastructure and connectivity that has helped expand the market for tea as well.

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The Social and the Impact of COVID-19 on Social Behavior in Streets of Amman, Jordan

International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning ◽

10.18280/ijsdp.160511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 903-913

Author(s):

Majd AlBaik ◽

Wael Al-Azhari

Keyword(s):

Social Behavior ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Local Community ◽

Public Spaces ◽

World Health ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽

The World ◽

Local Residents ◽

Health Organization ◽

The Impact

Governments around the world enforced many restrictions according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and tried very hard to minimize spread of epidemic in their countries. One of these restrictions is on using of public spaces that led to create new challenges to think about how we design public spaces and the way of using the most dynamic nearby spaces around us such as streets. The main objectives of this research are to measure the impact of COVID-19 on behavior of local community in public street. And to what extend changed of social behavior in public streets to compensation the absence of public spaces, where they became a breathing space for locals in Amman, Jordan. Also to addresses these questions which are focused on how the local community deals physically with the COVID-19 situation? And what are the changes that are done in their behavior to entertain themselves during the COVID-19 pandemic? Researchers carried out an analysis by using a mixed used approach; qualitative and quantitative methods through executing a questionnaire and a field observation of the study area which is selected. In conclusion, the results of the study showed that activities of local residents have changed between in the lockdown of COVID-19 pandemic and beyond whereas there has been more demand on active lifestyles which is continue after COVID-19 pandemic as new behavior of local residents. although the physical quality of the street are not design to meet new behavior.

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DAMPAK DAN KENDALA WISATA WADUK SERMO DARI ASPEK LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DAN RISIKO BENCANA

Jurnal Teknosains ◽

10.22146/teknosains.6027 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sudarmadji Dan M. Widyastuti

Keyword(s):

Environmental Impacts ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Local Community ◽

Parameter Analysis ◽

Reservoir Water ◽

Field Surveys ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽

Natural Beauty ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Physical And Chemical

Sermo Reservoir is a multipurpose reservoir. Due to its natural beauty and being the only reservoir in Yogyakarta Special Region, it is visited by many tourists. Tourism activities in the reservoir may cause environmental impacts and disaster risks for the tourists. This study aims to determine the potential of Sermo Reservoir as a natural tourism object and, in general, analyze the environmental impacts and disaster risks caused by tourism activities. The study was conducted by field surveys, observations and interviews with the local community. Reservoir water samples were collected for physical and chemical parameter analysis and were evaluated against the standard requirements of water for tourism activities. Data analysis was performed using descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods, using tables and diagrams of the processed data. In general it was found that the Sermo Reservoir has high potential for tourism. However, due to the lack of supporting facilities, the number of tourist coming to the Sermo Reservoir is still not yet optimal. The environmental impacts caused by tourism activities have occurred. The positive impacts that arise are the emerging business opportunities and the increased revenue of the local people, while the negative impacts are the pollution caused by solid waste and the water quality degradation. The risk of disaster may come from accidents when conducting activities in the reservoir, and it should be considered in the development of Sermo Reservoir for tourism.

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Risk of Increased Acceptance for Organizational Nepotism and Cronyism during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Risks ◽

10.3390/risks9040059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Grzegorz Ignatowski ◽

Łukasz Sułkowski ◽

Bartłomiej Stopczyński

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Research Work ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽

Work Related ◽

Social And Economic Development ◽

The Times ◽

The Impact

Nepotism and cronyism are forms of favoritism towards certain people in the workplace. For this reason, they constitute a problem for organization managers, ethicists and psychologists. Identifying the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the increase of nepotism and cronyism may provide a basis for organizations to assess their extent and to take possible measures to prevent their negative effects. At the same time, the research presented in the article may provide a basis for further research work related to nepotism and cronyism at the times of other threats, different from the pandemic. The aim of the article is to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on growing acceptance for nepotism and cronyism in Polish enterprises. Qualitative and quantitative methods have been included in the conducted research. Qualitative study aimed at improving knowledge of nepotism and cronyism and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these phenomena, followed by a quantitative study conducted in order to verify the information obtained in the qualitative study. This research has demonstrated that Nepotism and cronyism in the workplace, are phenomenon that are basically evaluated negatively. They adversely influences social and economic development, but the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on nepotism and cronyism is not significant.

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Assessment of alternative land management practices using hydrological simulation and a decision support tool: Arborea agricultural region, Sardinia

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-11-1811-2007 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1811-1823 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

P. Cau ◽

C. Paniconi

Keyword(s):

Decision Support ◽

Land Management ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Management Practices ◽

Water Movement ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Hydrological Simulation ◽

Support Tool ◽

The Impact

Abstract. Quantifying the impact of land use on water supply and quality is a primary focus of environmental management. In this work we apply a semidistributed hydrological model (SWAT) to predict the impact of different land management practices on water and agricultural chemical yield over a long period of time for a study site situated in the Arborea region of central Sardinia, Italy. The physical processes associated with water movement, crop growth, and nutrient cycling are directly modeled by SWAT. The model simulations are used to identify indicators that reflect critical processes related to the integrity and sustainability of the ecosystem. Specifically we focus on stream quality and quantity indicators associated with anthropogenic and natural sources of pollution. A multicriteria decision support system is then used to develop the analysis matrix where water quality and quantity indicators for the rivers, lagoons, and soil are combined with socio-economic variables. The DSS is used to assess four options involving alternative watersheds designated for intensive agriculture and dairy farming and the use or not of treated wastewater for irrigation. Our analysis suggests that of the four options, the most widely acceptable consists in the transfer of intensive agricultural practices to the larger watershed, which is less vulnerable, in tandem with wastewater reuse, which rates highly due to water scarcity in this region of the Mediterranean. More generally, the work demonstrates how both qualitative and quantitative methods and information can assist decision making in complex settings.

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The Impact of Information Communication and Technology Utilization on the Financial Performance of Microfinance Institutions in Rwanda Case Study: Reseau Interdiocesain De Microfinance (Rim) Ltd, Rwanda (2011 -2015)

Management and Organizational Studies ◽

10.5430/mos.v4n2p13 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Jean Bosco Harelimana

Keyword(s):

Financial Performance ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Financial Sustainability ◽

Microfinance Institutions ◽

Information Communication ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽

Descriptive Survey ◽

The Impact

The study analyzed the impact of ICT utilization on the financial performance of microfinance institutions inRwanda with case study of Réseau Interdiocesain de microfinance (RIM) Ltd undertaken within 5 years (2011-2015). The study adopted the use of descriptive survey using both qualitative and quantitative methods for a totalsample size of 132. Purporsive and simple random simpling was used for this purpose. Primary and Secondary datawere collected and thene analyzed using SPSS version 16.00. The study found that ICT has been introduced and usedabout 5 years and above. The study found that ICT impact firstly on financial sustainability and profitability (65.8%),secondly on financial efficiency and productivity (23.7) and finally on portfolio quality (5.3%). ICT utilization havea high influence to the RIM Ltd.’s financial performance compared to the previous situation.The correlation results imply that ICT usage has a positive impact on financial sustainability and profitability as theymove in the same direction (R=0.502). The strength of the impact was found to be low due to the low investments inICT among microfinance institutions.

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The impact of tourism on local communities and their environment in Gilgit Baltistan, Pakistan: a local community perspective

Environmental & Socio-economic Studies ◽

10.2478/environ-2019-0015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 24-37

Author(s):

Najum us Saqib ◽

Asim Yaqub ◽

Gomal Amin ◽

Imran Khan ◽

Huma Ajab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Waste ◽

Local Community ◽

Noise Pollution ◽

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Local Communities ◽

Tourist Attractions ◽

Heritage Sites ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Gilgit Baltistan ◽

The Impact

Abstract The northern area of Pakistan, Gilgit Baltistan (GB), has huge tourist potential due to its exotic mountain beauty. According to the GB Tourism Department, a large number of tourists (around 200651) visit GB every year from across the country. Due to a large influx of tourists in the area both positive and negative impacts have been felt especially on the environment and on the local communities. The environmental impacts of tourism were investigated in this research in two districts of GB. Three villages were selected from each of the districts of Hunza and Diamer as the basis of this research. This study was based on the perceptions and attitudes of the respondents. The total number of questionnaires completed was 340 filled from different respondent categories. Results showed that deforestation, loss of biodiversity, generation of solid waste, water, air and noise pollution, damage cultural and heritage sites and are the main environmental issues caused by tourism activities in the villages in these districts. About 42% of respondents said that deforestation and loss of biodiversity were high in the Diamer district while in Hunza 39% of respondents said that solid waste generation was high. Similarly, 21% respondents in Hunza and 14% respondents in Diamer agreed that water pollution is caused by tourism activities. Microbial analysis of water confirmed the presence of Salmonella typhi, E. coli and Enterobacter sp. There were positive impacts of tourism with results revealing that 87% of villagers and 98% of businessmen responded that tourism had provided them with jobs and business during the peak tourism season. Hotels and restaurants are the main source of jobs in GB mainly as porters and guides. According to the data collected dry fruits, medicinal herbs, gemstones and handicrafts provided considerable attractions for tourists. It is recommended that a combined effort be made by the local communities, tourism departments and other Govt. Agencies to ensure the cleanliness of tourist attractions.

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Combatting economic crimes in Nigeria through whistleblowing: a shift from policy to legal framework

Journal of Money Laundering Control ◽

10.1108/jmlc-04-2020-0040 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 819-832

Author(s):

Sirajo Yakubu ◽

Mohammed Kyari Dikwa

Keyword(s):

Personal Experience ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Critical Examination ◽

Policy Document ◽

Content Type ◽

National Assembly ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽

Nigerian Government ◽

The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is a holistic assessment of the impact of whistleblowing policy adopted by the Nigerian Government in fighting corruption and an evaluation of the whistleblowing and witness protection bill. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a critical analysis of the whistleblowing policy and the draft whistleblowing and witness protection bill. The paper combines both qualitative and quantitative methods. It is conducted through the study of the policy and the draft bill and the critical examination of the data released by the federal Ministry of Finance. Moreover, the personal experience of the authors in the civil service and in formulating and implementing the whistleblower policy account significantly. Findings The whistleblowing policy adopted by the Federal Republic of Nigeria is promising in controlling corruption and other economically motivated crimes. However, while efforts to give whistleblowing a legal backing will strengthen the fight against corruption in Nigeria, the National Assembly must subject the bill to rigorous debate to avoid having many lacunas in would be act. Research limitations/implications The use of whistleblowing in combatting corruption in Nigeria is still at its infancy. A policy document backs implementation of the policy – there is no legislation or case law to consider. Thus, analysis is based on the policy document, the bill, statistics from the FMF and personal experience of the authors. Originality/value There is no comprehensive study on the adoption of and efforts to give legal backing to, the whistleblowing policy adopted in Nigeria. This paper is of value to the Nigerian Government and the National Assembly considering the latest efforts to institutionalise whistleblowing in Nigeria.

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Creating the Habit of Recycling in Early Childhood: A Sustainable Practice in Spain

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11226393 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (22) ◽

pp. 6393 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Pilar Buil ◽

Olga Roger-Loppacher ◽

Mireia Tintoré

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Daily Routine ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽

Teaching Unit ◽

The Common ◽

The Impact ◽

Depth Interviews

Early childhood education on sustainability has been an issue of high relevance in the last decade. In Spain, many different efforts have been made to increase children’s knowledge, skills, and awareness related to sustainability issues. However, uncertainty about the effectiveness of education on sustainable development exists. This research reports on an exploratory study organized by the association that promotes aluminum packaging recycling in Spain (Arpal). Seven teachers were trained on sustainability in general and on aluminum packaging recycling in particular. These teachers defined and implemented a teaching unit with active learning activities that involved three preschools. Fifty-four children under 6 years of age, mainly 2 and 3 years old, along with their parents, participated in the teaching unit. Qualitative and quantitative methods (questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and focus groups) were carried out to assess the impact. The results proved that different partners, such as children, parents, teachers, managers, and associations, can work together with the common goal of improving education on sustainable development in early childhood, and all of them benefit from this collaboration. Moreover, this study confirmed that education on sustainability should be embedded in the daily routine of preschools. Furthermore, after the exploratory study, the teaching unit was implemented in 29 Andalusian preschools.

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Teacher awareness and understandings about Aboriginal English in Western Australia

Australian Review of Applied Linguistics ◽

10.1075/aral.34.1.04oli ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 60-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Rhonda Oliver ◽

Judith Rochecouste ◽

Samantha Vanderford ◽

Ellen Grote

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Western Australia ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Development Program ◽

Literacy Skills ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽

Aboriginal Students ◽

Professional Development For Teachers ◽

Australian English ◽

The Impact

Repeated assessments of literacy skills have shown that Aboriginal students do not achieve at the same level as their non-Aboriginal peers. Many Aboriginal students speak Aboriginal English, a dialect different from the Standard Australian English used in schools. Research shows that it is crucial for educators in bidialectal contexts to be aware of students’ home language and to adopt appropriate educational responses. For over a decade, the ABC of Two-Way Literacy and Learning Professional Development Program has sought to improve outcomes for Aboriginal students in Western Australia. By promoting a two-way bidialectal approach to learning, Aboriginal English is valued, accommodated and used to bridge to learning in Standard Australian English. This paper draws on a large research project, which used qualitative and quantitative methods to evaluate the impact of the on-going professional development for teachers. It reports on the attitudes and understandings of teachers, with and without professional development and working in different contexts.

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DAMPAK KEBERADAAN KAPAL PENYAMBANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN KAWASAN EKONOMI PERIKANAN DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN MUARA KINTAP KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT

Fish Scientiae ◽

10.20527/fs.v3i5.1135 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Martiah Akhdianti ◽

Idiannor Mahyudin ◽

Tri Dekayanti

Keyword(s):

Development Strategy ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Strategy Development ◽

Fishing Communities ◽

Fishing Activity ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽

Production Area ◽

The Impact ◽

The Village

Kintap coastal area is one of the areas that developed as a coastal fishery production. Area-based coastal fisheries as Kintap Muara district is consisting of the main activities of fishing activity in the form of Fish Landing Base (PPI) with a variety of amenities. Coastal areas in the village of Muara Kintap pattern fisheries are people who are known to pattern middlemen (Indonesian : penyambang) and developed since 2003. Study was conducted to see how the existence determines penyambang ships for fishing communities and the fishing estuary fishing port Kintap with : identifying the impact of fishing communities penyambang vessel catch and fishing port Muara Kintap; analyze business profits as penyambang ship; formulate strategy development as a fishing port economic zone fisheries. Technique uses qualitative and quantitative methods with a descriptive approach.The existence of the ship penyambang was a positive impact on fishermen catch. Fishermen catch will work more effectively and provide capital as a form of business development, while for the Port of Muara Kintap, penyambang ship has negatif impact on the port becauses penyambang ship can not be loading and unloading in the port. So that data from the catches of fishermen willnot be sould to penyambang as data the basis for determining the policy is difficult to know and retribution for PAD port no. Average profit businesses penyambang vessel during fishing season is Rp. 2.773.611,00 per month while the crew (ABK) get Rp.1.386.806, 00 per month and crew still above the local minimum wage (UMR) South Kalimantan Province of Rp. 1.337.500.00. Fishing harbor in the village of Muara Kintap, Tanah Laut District as district fisheries economy still needs a better development strategy so that the presence of the ship penyambang can contribute to Improved Income (PAD) Kintap Estuary Fishery Port.

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