scholarly journals The Southern Moroccan Dialects and the Hilāli Category

Languages ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Felipe Benjamin Francisco
Keyword(s):  
General Description ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Eastern Morocco ◽  
Do So ◽  
Linguistic Reality

The aim of this paper is to review the classification of the southern Moroccan dialects, advancing on the general description of these varieties. Recent descriptive studies provided us with new sources on the linguistic reality of southern Morocco, shedding light on the status of dialects commonly classified as Bedouin or ‘Hilāli’ within the Maghrebi context. To do so, the paper highlights conservative and innovative features which characterize the dialects of the area, focusing mainly—but not exclusively—on the updated data for two distant localities in southern Morocco: Essaouira and its rural outskirts—the Chiadma territory (Aquermoud and Sīdi Īsḥāq)—and Tafilalt, in south-eastern Morocco. The southern dialects have been situated in an intermediary zone between pre-Hilāli and Hilāli categories for a long time. Discussing their situation may contribute to understanding what distinguishes them as a dialectal group and also the validity of the ‘Hilāli’ category in the Moroccan context.

scholarly journals The good(ish), the bad, and the ugly: a tripartite classification of ecosystem trends

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alida Bundy ◽  
Lynne J. Shannon ◽  
Marie-Joëlle Rochet ◽  
Sergio Neira ◽  
Yunne-Jai Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Size Structure ◽  
Ecosystem Structure ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Ecosystem Indicators ◽  
The Status ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Bundy, A., Shannon, L. J., Rochet, M-J., Neira, S., Shin, Y-J., Hill, L., and Aydin, K. 2010. The good(ish), the bad, and the ugly: a tripartite classification of ecosystem trends. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 745–768. Marine ecosystems have been exploited for a long time, growing increasingly vulnerable to collapse and irreversible change. How do we know when an ecosystem may be in danger? A measure of the status of individual stocks is only a partial gauge of its status, and does not include changes at the broader ecosystem level, to non-commercial species or to its structure or functioning. Six ecosystem indicators measuring trends over time were collated for 19 ecosystems, corresponding to four ecological attributes: resource potential, ecosystem structure and functioning, conservation of functional biodiversity, and ecosystem stability and resistance to perturbations. We explored the use of a decision-tree approach, a definition of initial ecosystem state (impacted or non-impacted), and the trends in the ecosystem indicators to classify the ecosystems into improving, stationary, and deteriorating. Ecosystem experts classified all ecosystems as impacted at the time of their initial state. Of these, 15 were diagnosed as “ugly”, because they had deteriorated from an already impacted state. Several also exhibited specific combinations of trends indicating “fishing down the foodweb”, reduction in size structure, reduction in diversity and stability, and changed productivity. The classification provides an initial evaluation for scientists, resource managers, stakeholders, and the general public of the concerning status of ecosystems globally.

Euratom and Brexit: Could the United Kingdom Maintain One Foot in the European Union? Current Scenarios and Future Prospects of British withdrawal from the EAEC

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-151
Author(s):  
Andrea Circolo ◽  
Ondrej Hamuľák
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Independent Solution ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Energy Community ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper focuses on the very topical issue of conclusion of the membership of the State, namely the United Kingdom, in European integration structures. The ques­tion of termination of membership in European Communities and European Union has not been tackled for a long time in the sources of European law. With the adop­tion of the Treaty of Lisbon (2009), the institute of 'unilateral' withdrawal was intro­duced. It´s worth to say that exit clause was intended as symbolic in its nature, in fact underlining the status of Member States as sovereign entities. That is why this institute is very general and the legal regulation of the exercise of withdrawal contains many gaps. One of them is a question of absolute or relative nature of exiting from integration structures. Today’s “exit clause” (Art. 50 of Treaty on European Union) regulates only the termination of membership in the European Union and is silent on the impact of such a step on membership in the European Atomic Energy Community. The presented paper offers an analysis of different variations of the interpretation and solution of the problem. It´s based on the independent solution thesis and therefore rejects an automa­tism approach. The paper and topic is important and original especially because in the multitude of scholarly writings devoted to Brexit questions, vast majority of them deals with institutional questions, the interpretation of Art. 50 of Treaty on European Union; the constitutional matters at national UK level; future relation between EU and UK and political bargaining behind such as all that. The question of impact on withdrawal on Euratom membership is somehow underrepresented. Present paper attempts to fill this gap and accelerate the scholarly debate on this matter globally, because all consequences of Brexit already have and will definitely give rise to more world-wide effects.

“As Slow as a Tortoise, and as Clever as a Hare.” Folktales as Lessons on Democracy, Equal Opportunities, and Human Rights among the Ndebele

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindiwe Ndlovu ◽  
Faith Sibanda
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Animal Community ◽  
Do So

Indigenous African societies have, for a long time, been using their knowledge for the betterment of their lives. They have also demonstrated an ability to manipulate their immediate or remote surroundings to live sustainably. Those who claim to fight for equal and human rights in Africa do so under the misconception that they, and the developing world, have historically and inherently violated, and continue to violate, human rights in numerous ways. While this might not be completely dismissed, there is a plethora of evidence from African folktales to demonstrate that Africans have not only respected human rights, but have also encouraged equal opportunities for every member of their society. This article cross-examines Ndebele folktales with the intention of demonstrating that African indigenous knowledge exhibited through folktales was a well-organised system, which ensured respect for human rights for all members, regardless of their physical or social stature. Central to this discussion are the folktales which focus on the role played by the vulnerable members of the animal community, who replicate their human counterparts. Folktales are unarguably a creation by the indigenes and emanate from their socio-political experiences, as well as their observations of the surroundings. This suggests that indigenous people already had an idea about human rights as well as the need for equal opportunities since time immemorial. 

THE SEC PREEMPTS THE ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES BOARD IN 1965: THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE DEFERRED TAX CREDIT RELATING TO INSTALLMENT SALES

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Zeff
Keyword(s):  
Securities And Exchange Commission ◽  
Accounting Practice ◽  
Slow Pace ◽  
Accounting Principles ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Deferred Tax ◽  
Accounting Procedure ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Do So

In 1959, the Accounting Principles Board (APB) replaced the Committee on Accounting Procedure because the latter was unable to deal forthrightly with a series of important issues. But during the APB's first half-dozen years, its record of achievement was no more impressive than its predecessor's. The chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Manuel F. Cohen, criticized the APB's slow pace and unwillingness to tackle difficult issues. This article discusses the circumstances attending the SEC's issuance of an Accounting Series Release in late 1965 to demonstrate forcefully to the APB that, when it is unable to carry out its responsibility to “narrow the areas of difference” in accounting practice, the SEC is prepared to step in and do so itself. In this sense, the article deals with the tensions between the private and public sectors in the establishment of accounting principles in the U.S. during the mid-1960s. The article makes extensive use of primary resource materials in the author's personal archive, which have not been used previously in published work.

Sa1343 CLASSIFICATION OF AUTOIMMUNE GASTRITIS BASED ON THE STATUS OF POLYGLANDULAR POLYGLANDULAR AUTOIMMUNE SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-324-S-325
Author(s):  
Takahisa Furuta ◽  
Takuma Kagami ◽  
Mihoko Yamade ◽  
Takahiro Suzuki ◽  
Tomohiro Higuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Gastritis ◽  
Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndrome ◽  
Autoimmune Syndrome ◽  
The Status

scholarly journals Characterization of different earthen construction materials in oasis of south-eastern Morocco (Errachidia Province)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. e00496
Author(s):  
Abdellah Mellaikhafi ◽  
Amine Tilioua ◽  
Hanène Souli ◽  
Mohammed Garoum ◽  
Moulay Ahmed Alaoui Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Construction Materials ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Earthen Construction ◽  
Eastern Morocco

Research on cargo-loading optimization based on genetic and fuzzy integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 8493-8500
Author(s):  
Yanwei Du ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Xiaoyi Fan ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Henggang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Distribution Center ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Decision Making Model ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Loading Scheme

With the increase of the number of loaded goods, the number of optional loading schemes will increase exponentially. It is a long time and low efficiency to determine the loading scheme with experience. Genetic algorithm is a search heuristic algorithm used to solve optimization in the field of computer science artificial intelligence. Genetic algorithm can effectively select the optimal loading scheme but unable to utilize weight and volume capacity of cargo and truck. In this paper, we propose hybrid Genetic and fuzzy logic based cargo-loading decision making model that focus on achieving maximum profit with maximum utilization of weight and volume capacity of cargo and truck. In this paper, first of all, the components of the problem of goods stowage in the distribution center are analyzed systematically, which lays the foundation for the reasonable classification of the problem of goods stowage and the establishment of the mathematical model of the problem of goods stowage. Secondly, the paper abstracts and defines the problem of goods loading in distribution center, establishes the mathematical model for the optimization of single car three-dimensional goods loading, and designs the genetic algorithm for solving the model. Finally, Matlab is used to solve the optimization model of cargo loading, and the good performance of the algorithm is verified by an example. From the performance evaluation analysis, proposed the hybrid system achieve better outcomes than the standard SA model, GA method, and TS strategy.

The Primacy of Politics

1951 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Important Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Generous Time ◽  
The Status ◽  
Do So

In presenting my valedictory to this distinguished Association which has honored me by selecting me as its President, I should like to point out by way of introduction what has happened to this office, and therefore to me, during the past year. I have heard of one of my distinguished predecessors some twenty-five years ago who had little else to do as President of this Association than work all year on his presidential address. This was important work and I have no word of criticism of it. But the Association has changed, and today it leaves to the harried wearer of its presidential toga little time to reflect about the status of political science and his own impact, if any, upon it. An active Association life, now happily centered in our new Washington office, is enough to occupy the full time of your President, and universities as well as this Association might well take note. Therefore, in presenting my own reflections to you this evening in accordance with the custom of our Association, I do so without the benefit of the generous time and scholarly leisure which were the privileges of some of my distinguished predecessors.Nevertheless I do base my presidential address today upon my own active participation in the problems of government, as well as upon my scholarly experience. I have extracted it in part from the dynamics of pulsating political life. It has whatever authority I may possess after having been exposed these twenty-five years to the cross-fire of politics, domestic and foreign, as well as to the benign and corrective influences of eager students and charitable colleagues.

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