Accounting for marketing promotion tools distributed over time

Subject. This article discusses up-to-date promotional marketing activities designed to attract customers and increase sales. Objectives. The article aims to develop a methodology for accounting for marketing tools to stimulate sales, which helps improve the quality of assessing the financial position of an organization. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of analysis, comparison, generalization, grouping, and systematization. Results. The article proposes an accounting methodology for marketing tools to stimulate sales distributed over time and certain recommendations for calculating the value of the accounting object Obligation to Customer. Conclusions and Relevance. The current Belarusian and Russian regulatory legal acts governing the accounting procedure for marketing tools to stimulate sales are covering just some issues related to marketing activity accounting. There is no differentiation between accounting for sales transactions using marketing promotion tools distributed over time and the one for sales transactions using marketing promotion tools not distributed over time. This necessitates further scientific research in the field of accounting for marketing promotion tools distributed over time. The results of the study can be useful in practical activities of enterprises, certain provisions of the legislation in the field of accounting for marketing, and educational activities in terms of methods of accounting for marketing tools to stimulate sales.

System analysis of the real estate accounting procedure using blockchain technology

At the moment, one of the country’s most valuable resources is real estate. Real estate has a special economic and social status, and the legislators of some countries impose special requirements for the real estate registration. On the basis of the documents on the completed transaction, the transfer of ownership is carried out by making changes to the real estate register. The article describes in detail the procedures for the state registration or rights as well as Blockchain technology based on the cadastral accounting procedure for real estate objects. English version of the article on is available at URL: https://panor.ru/articles/system-analysis-of-the-real-estate-accounting-procedure-using-blockchain-technology/73672.html

Regulatory Issues of the Accounting Procedure for Civil R&D

Introduction. The issues of legal regulation of the accounting procedure for scientific research, experimental design and technological work for civil purposes (hereinafter — R&D, work) plays an important role in the implementation of governmental science & technological policy. Such accounting not only stimulates the identification and registration of rights to the results of intellectual activity (hereinafter referred to as RIA) created during the work — it also contributes to improving the quality of rights management for such RIAs, their commercialisation and their wider involvement in civil law turnover. It also creates conditions for accessing the effectiveness of budgetary expenditures for such work. In addition, the system for recording the results of R&D for civil purposes simplifies the implementation and administration of tax benefits associated with their performance. The aim of this study is to monitor current legislation for regulating civil R&D accounting procedures and to identify its shortcomings in order to determine further measures for improvement. Methods. The analytical research methods employed include systemic, structural, functional, specific and sociological, formal and legal, as well as technical and legal methods along with methods for interpreting legal rules. Results. The procedure for state registration of civil R&D projects carried out with federal budgetary funding is regulated by a set of regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. The technical basis for accounting is the state information system for recording scientific research results, experimental design and technological work for civil purposes (hereinafter referred to as the System). This system is accessible online. A list of accounting objects, forms of sending information for accounting and the procedure for interacting with customers and project executioners from the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia in the implementation of accounting have been established. The information contained in the System is publicly available, excluding certain types of information outlined by Russian law. Over the course of this research, we have identified and noted several shortcomings to legal regulations of the examined sphere of relations: there were some contradictions between individual regulatory documents. Measures to eliminate these shortcomings can further improve the legal frameworks governing this area of public relations. Conclusion. The materials collected as part of the monitoring effort enabled us to compile a holistic picture of the legal regulatory framework governing the accounting system for civil R&D results. The findings of this study can be used to optimise a public administration system taking into account scientific and technical activity results.

Naturalized streamflows and Affluent Natural Energy projections for the Brazilian hydropower sector for the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios of the CMIP6

Climate change projects an increase in extreme weather events in the coming decades, which could significantly affect Brazil's water and energy security. Thus, this study sought to analyze possible impacts of climate change on the projections of naturalized streamflows and Affluent Natural Energy (ANE) for the Brazilian hydropower sector utilizing five models of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects version 6 (CMIP6), based on SSP-4.5 and SSP-8.5 scenarios for the 21st century. Naturalized streamflows for the 24 stations representing the National Interconnected System (NIS) were estimated through the concentrated hydrological model SMAP (Soil Moisture Accounting Procedure), while the streamflows for the other stations that comprise the NIS were obtained by linear regression. The streamflows, as well as the productivity of the reservoirs, were used to calculate the ANE. The results showed that most of the models project possible reductions in annual naturalized streamflows and ANE for the three periods analyzed and for the North, Northeast, and Southeast/Midwest sectors of Brazil. Meanwhile, the Northern and Southern sectors, for the period 2080–2099, most of the models indicated an increase of annual, precipitation, naturalized streamflows and ANE.

Cancellation of the limit on the value of fixed assets: reflect retrospectively and prospectively

A single limit on the value of fixed assets for all commercial organizations, equal to forty thousand rubles and existed in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of December 24, 2010 № 186n in PBU 6/01 “Accounting for fixed assets” from January 1, 2011 in the new standard — FSBU 6/2020 “Property, plant and equipment” does not apply. Organizations themselves can determine such limits for their organizations, above which they will consider objects as fixed assets, and below which they will write off to expenses of the current period. The regulator also granted the reporting entities the right to switch to the new accounting procedure voluntarily from January 1, 2021, or, already on a mandatory basis, from January 1, 2022. The article examines, using an example, a retrospective and prospective transition to new individual limits for fixed assets from January 1, 2021.

An Accounting Procedure for Bonds with a Double Currency Denomination in Accordance with the IFRS

The study is devoted to the development of accounting procedure and recording the financial results of bonds with a double currency denomination in accordance with International Financial Reporting standards (IFRS). The methodological base of the research includes system and dynamic-situational analysis, evaluation models of financial mathematics, accounting procedures of the theory of financial accounting. Based on the assumptions made at the formal mathematical level, this procedure is fully algorithmized, despite the ambiguity or impossibility of direct assessment of such basic accounting indicators as the initial estimate, the internal effective interest rate, and the amortized cost of a financial instrument. Considerable attention is paid to the issues of mathematical evaluation and reflection of financial results when preparing financial statements in accordance with the concept of amortized cost and effective interest rate, taking into account the impact of changes in the currency component in dynamics. The originality and uniqueness of the developed procedure is that it is applicable to the situations where coupon payments are paid several times a year. The theoretical and practical significance of the research is determined by the development of scientific and applied tools that include accounting and process models, evaluation algorithms and procedures that can be used by accounting and audit departments in practical work when solving problems of reporting in accordance with IFRS.

Revenue from contracts: cash vs accrual

Learning outcomes The case provides an insight on the provisions of the IND AS 115 (largely converging with IFRS 15), financial impact of alternative accounting practices and dynamics of a revenue recognition decision. MBA students can use the knowledge derived from the case at their workplace when they encounter accounting of “revenue from a contract with customers”. Case overview/synopsis Saifudin Rehman, one of the promoter of Suprajeet Corporation (SUC) had been engaged in electrical installation contract business. The firm had been doing well in the field of small contracts and was having steady growth. People in the firm were also quite acquainted with the kind of contracts they were doing. However, Saifudin always wanted to get into a big contract business. For getting into big installation contracts, the corporation needed more working capital and needed to satisfy the criteria of having a high amount of turnover in the preceding year. The case will be looked into from the perspective of accounting procedure to see the possibility of increasing the revenue by changing the method of accounting in relation to revenue recognition. The case provided the opportunity to evaluate the benefits and the costs involved in changing the accounting method in SUC. Complexity academic level Commerce Graduates and MBA I. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 1: Accounting and Finance.

Non-produced assets: The particularities of recognition and measurement at public sector organizations

Subject. This article examines the Federal Accounting Standard Non-Produced Assets, which will be implemented from 2021. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the structure of non-produced assets, their measurement and accounting procedure, and recognition. Methods. For the study, we used a comparative analysis and the methods of induction and deduction, and classification. Results. Based on an analysis of the provisions of the Non-Produced Assets Standard for public sector organizations, the article identifies problematic issues of valuation and measurement of these assets. It suggests returning to the principle of separate accounting of current and capital outlays in the subsequent assessment of non-produced assets for reconstruction and modernization costs. Conclusions and Relevance. Non-produced assets are a new object of budgetary accounting. In order to properly and reasonably apply the provisions of the Non-Produced Assets Standard in practice, we believe that detailed explanations and guidance on these accounting facilities recognition, evaluation, measurement, accounting and reporting are needed to be presented by both the regulator and the scientific community and practitioners. The results of the study can be applied in budgetary accounting theory and practice.