scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Flavonoid Metabolites in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) with Different Eating Quality

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 578
Author(s):  
Yakun Zhang ◽  
Jianhua Gao ◽  
Qianru Qie ◽  
Yulu Yang ◽  
Siyu Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Yellow Pigment ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
Eating Quality ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Cereal Crop ◽  
Yellow Color ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is an important minor cereal crop in China. The yellow color of the de-husked grain is the most direct aspect for evaluating the foxtail millet quality. The yellow pigment mainly includes carotenoids (lutein and zeaxanthin) and flavonoids. To reveal the diversity and specificity of flavonoids in foxtail millet, we chose three high eating quality and two poor eating quality varieties as research materials. A total of 116 flavonoid metabolites were identified based on Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) system. The tested varieties contained similar levels of flavonoid metabolites, but with each variety accumulating its unique flavonoid metabolites. A total of 33 flavonoid metabolites were identified as significantly discrepant between high eating quality and poor eating quality varieties, which were mainly in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway and one of its branches, the flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathway. These results showed the diversified components of flavonoids accumulated in foxtail millets and laid the foundation for further research on flavonoids and the breeding for high-quality foxtail millet varieties.

scholarly journals Discovery and evaluation of a novel step in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway regulated by F3H gene using a yeast expression system

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmatullah Jan ◽  
Sajjad Asaf ◽  
Sanjita Paudel ◽  
Sangkyu Lee ◽  
Kyung-Min Kim
Keyword(s):  
Western Blotting ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Plant Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Yeast Expression ◽  
List Type ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Yeast Expression System ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

AbstractKaempferol and quercetin are the essential plant secondary metabolites that confer huge biological functions in the plant defense system. These metabolites are produced in low quantities in plants, therefore engineering microbial factory is a favorable strategy for the production of these metabolites. In this study, biosynthetic pathways for kaempferol and quercetin were constructed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using naringenin as a substrate. The results elucidated a novel step for the first time in kaempferol and quercetin biosynthesis directly from naringenin catalyzed by flavonol 3-hydroxylase (F3H). F3H gene from rice was cloned into pRS42K yeast episomal plasmid (YEP) vector using BamH1 and Xho1 restriction enzymes. We analyzed our target gene activity in engineered and in empty strains. The results were confirmed through TLC followed by Western blotting, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and LC-MS. TLC showed positive results on comparing both compounds extracted from the engineered strain with the standard reference. Western blotting confirmed lack of Oryza sativa flavonol 3-hydroxylase (OsF3H) activity in empty strains while high OsF3H expression in engineered strains. NMR spectroscopy confirmed only quercetin, while LCMS-MS results revealed that F3H is responsible for naringenin conversion to both kaempferol and quercetin. These results concluded that rice F3H catalyzes naringenin metabolism via hydroxylation and synthesizes kaempferol and quercetin.HighlightsCurrent study is a discovery of a novel step in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway of rice plant.In this study F3H gene from rice plant was functionally expressed in yeast expression system.Results confirmed that, F3H gene is responsible for the canalization of naringenin and converted into kaempferol and quercetin.The results were confirmed through, western blotting, TLC, HPLC and NMR analysis.

scholarly journals A fast and simple LC-MS-based characterization of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway for few seed(ling)s

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Jaegle ◽  
Miran Kalle Uroic ◽  
Xu Holtkotte ◽  
Christina Lucas ◽  
Andreas Ole Termath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Seed Ling ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

scholarly journals Temporospatial Flavonoids Metabolism Variation in Ginkgo biloba Leaves

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Guo ◽  
Tongli Wang ◽  
Fang-Fang Fu ◽  
Yousry A. El-Kassaby ◽  
Guibin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Flavonoids Biosynthesis ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba L.) is a high-value medicinal tree species characterized by its flavonoids beneficial effects that are abundant in leaves. We performed a temporospatial comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome dynamics analyses of clonally propagated Ginkgo plants at four developmental stages (time: May to August) across three different environments (space) to unravel leaves flavonoids biosynthesis variation. Principal component analysis revealed clear gene expression separation across samples from different environments and leaf-developmental stages. We found that flavonoid-related metabolism was more active in the early stage of leaf development, and the content of total flavonoid glycosides and the expression of some genes in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway peaked in May. We also constructed a co-expression regulation network and identified eight GbMYBs and combining with other TF genes (3 GbERFs, 1 GbbHLH, and 1 GbTrihelix) positively regulated the expression of multiple structural genes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. We found that part of these GbTFs (Gb_11316, Gb_32143, and Gb_00128) expressions was negatively correlated with mean minimum temperature and mean relative humidity, while positively correlated with sunshine duration. This study increased our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of flavonoids biosynthesis in Ginkgo leaves and provided insight into the proper production and management of Ginkgo commercial plantations.

scholarly journals Genetic variation of yellow pigment and its components in foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.) from different eco-regions in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2459-2469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-bing YANG ◽  
Guan-qing JIA ◽  
Li-gang DENG ◽  
Ling QIN ◽  
Er-ying CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Yellow Pigment ◽  
Setaria Italica

scholarly journals Phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation show divergent patterns between brown color and green color cottons as revealed by metabolic and gene expression analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhonghua LI ◽  
Qian SU ◽  
Mingqi XU ◽  
Jiaqi YOU ◽  
Anam Qadir KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Cotton Fibers ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Metabolism ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Colored Cotton ◽  
Different Color ◽  
Naturally Colored Cotton ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

Abstract Background Naturally-colored cotton has become increasingly popular because of their natural properties of coloration, UV protection, flame retardant, antibacterial activity and mildew resistance. But poor fiber quality and limited color choices are two key issues that have restricted the cultivation of naturally-colored cotton. To identify the possible pathways participating in fiber pigmentation in naturally-colored cottons, five colored cotton accessions in three different color types (with green, brown and white fiber) were chosen for a comprehensive analysis of phenylpropanoid metabolism during fiber development. Results The expression levels of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes in brown cotton fibers were significantly higher than those in white and green cotton fibers. Total flavonoids and proanthocyanidin were higher in brown cotton fibers relative to those in white and green cotton fibers, which suggested that the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway might not participate in the pigmentation of green cotton fibers. Further expression analysis indicated that the genes encoding enzymes for the synthesis of caffeic acid derivatives, lignin and lignan were activated in the developing fibers of the green cotton at 10 and 15 days post-anthesis. Conclusions Our results strengthen the understanding of phenylpropanoid metabolism and pigmentation in green and brown cotton fibers, and may improve the breeding of naturally-colored cottons.

scholarly journals The Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor MYC1 Is Involved in the Regulation of the Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway in Grapevine

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imène Hichri ◽  
Simon C. Heppel ◽  
Jérémy Pillet ◽  
Céline Léon ◽  
Stefan Czemmel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Basic Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Helix Loop Helix ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

Integrated transcriptional and phytochemical analyses of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in Epimedium

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Zeng ◽  
Yilan Liu ◽  
Weiming Hu ◽  
Yongliang Liu ◽  
Xiaofei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway

scholarly journals Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal pathways associated with fruit color in plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
XueSong Wang ◽  
Long Cui ◽  
YanBo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Young Fruit ◽  
Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Fruit Stage

Background In order to reveal the mechanism of fruit color changes in plum, two common plum cultivars Changli84 (Ch84, red fruit) and Dahuangganhe (D, yellow fruit) in Northeast China were selected as plant materials. Transcriptome sequencing and metabonomic analyzing were performed at three different developmental stages: young fruit stage, colour-change stage, and maturation stage. Results “Flavonoid biosynthesis” was significantly enriched in the KEGG analysis. Some DEGs in “Flavonoid biosynthesis” pathway had an opposite trend between the two cultivars, such as CHS , DFR and FLS . Also, transcriptional control of MBW (MYB–bHLH–WD) protein complexes showed a close relationship with plum fruit color, especially the expression of MYBs and bHLHs . In the current study, procyanidin B1 and B2 had the highest level at young fruit stage in Ch84 and the content of procyanidin B2 decreased sharply at the color change stage. Conversely, the content of cyanidin increased with the growth of fruit and reached the peak at the maturation stage. Conclusion The content of procyanidin B1 and B2 in plums at young fruit stage might be the leading factors of the matured fruit color. At the maturation stage, the cyanidin produced by procyanidins keeps the color of the fruit red. Correspondingly, genes in “flavonoid biosynthesis” pathway play critical roles in regulating the accumulation of anthocyanin in plum.

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