scholarly journals A Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Crystalline Submicro-Sized BiFeO3

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3035
Author(s):  
Dovydas Karoblis ◽  
Diana Griesiute ◽  
Kestutis Mazeika ◽  
Dalis Baltrunas ◽  
Dmitry V. Karpinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bismuth Ferrite ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Dsc Measurements ◽  
Optimal Annealing Temperature ◽  
Synthesized Materials

In this study, a highly crystalline bismuth ferrite (BFO) powder was synthesized using a novel, very simple, and cost-effective synthetic approach. It was demonstrated that the optimal annealing temperature for the preparation of highly-pure BFO is 650 °C. At lower or higher temperatures, the formation of neighboring crystal phases was observed. The thermal behavior of BFO precursor gel was investigated by thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) measurements. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Mössbauer spectroscopy were employed for the investigation of structural properties. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate morphological features of the synthesized materials. The obtained powders were also characterized by magnetization measurements, which showed antiferromagnetic behavior of BFO powders.

scholarly journals Phase Transformation and Microstructure Characterization of Ceramic Porcelain with Different Ratio of Treated Fgd Sludge/Feldspar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012092
Author(s):  
Suffi Irni Alias ◽  
Banjuraizah Johar ◽  
Syed Nuzul Fadzli Adam ◽  
Mustaffa Ali Azhar Taib ◽  
Fatin Fatini Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sludge Waste ◽  
Main Component

Abstract The porcelain formulation containing percentages of treated FGD sludge waste from 5% up to 15% in replacement of feldspar were prepared. The porcelain mixture formulation were mixed by high energy planatery mill at speed 300 rpm for 1 hours. The powder were compacted by using hydraulic press and sintered at temperature 1200 °C for 3 hours. The sintered samples were characterized using X-ray fluorescene (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Thermogravimetry/Differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DCS). The primary effect concerning the addition of treated FGD sludge was the change of intensity composition (gypsum and anhydrate) in porcelain formulation. The XRD analysis has shown that the main component in sludge waste were gypsum and anhydrate.

Preparation and characterization of 1,2,4,5-benzenetetra carboxylic-chitosan

e-Polymers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Julkapli ◽  
Zulkifli Ahmad ◽  
Hazizan Md Akil
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
The Fourier Transform

AbstractChemically cross-linked chitosan (MC) containing 1,2,4,5- benzenetetracarboxylic acid (BCA) as the cross-linking agent was prepared to improve the metal ions absorption capacity of native chitosan (NC) and limit its biodegradability. The Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) and proton neutron magnetic resonance (1H NMR) results showed that BCA was successfully linked onto N-position of NC. The crystalline nature of NC was reduced significantly after cross-linking as examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Therefore, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of MC was higher than NC as reported by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Moreover, thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis showed that, MC had better thermal stability than NC. Morphology changes on the surface of NC and MC were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and showed that MC had more porous surface than NC. In pH medium of 3 to 6, MC had excellent Cu (II) ions absorption capacity with a maximum 16 % higher than NC.

Preparation and Characterization of Polypropylene/Clay Nanocomposites

2011 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 1584-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Mei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Solution Blending ◽  
Clay Layers ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Polypropylene(PP)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by solution blending. The microstructure of PP/clay nanocomposites was studied by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to investigate thermal properties of PP/clay nanocomposites. XRD pattern prove that clay layers were exfoliated into nanometer size in PP matrix and that α-Phase crystallite was the main crystallite of PP in PP/clay nanocomposites. TGA examinations confirmed that the maximum decomposition temperature of PP/clay nanocomposites was higher than that of neat PP and that the thermal stability of PP/clay nanocomposites rose noticeably. Results of DSC scans showed the crystalliztion temperature of nanocomposites was slightly bigger than that of pure PP due to the efficient nucleating effects of clay layers.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Cetyl Trimethylammonium Intercalated Sericite

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Ding ◽  
Yuebo Wang ◽  
Yu Liang ◽  
Faxiang Qin
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Acid Activation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Intercalated sericite was prepared by intercalation of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) into activated sericite through ion exchange with the following two steps: the activation of sericite by thermal modification, acid activation and sodium modification; the ion exchange intercalation of CTA+into activated sericite. Effects of reaction time, reaction temperature, CTAB quantity, kinds of medium, and aqueous pH on the intercalation of activated sericite were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results indicated that the CTA+entered sericite interlayers and anchored in the aluminosilicate interlayers through strong electrostatic attraction. The arrangement of CTA+in sericite interlayers was that alkyl chain of CTA+mainly tilted at an angle about 60° (paraffin-type bilayer) and 38° (paraffin-type monolayer) with aluminosilicate layers. The largest interlayer space was enlarged from 0.9 nm to 5.2 nm. The intercalated sericite could be used as an excellent layer silicate to prepare clay-polymer nanocomposites.

scholarly journals Investigation of sol-gel processed CuO/SiO2 nanocomposite as a potential photoanode material

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tenzin Tenkyong ◽  
Neena Bachan ◽  
J. Raja ◽  
P. Naveen Kumar ◽  
J. Merline Shyla
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Structural Formation ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

AbstractSynthesis and characterization of a highly efficient photoconductive nanocomposite comprising of two common metal oxides: copper oxide (CuO) and silicon dioxide (SiO2) are being reported in this paper. The CuO/SiO2 nanocomposite has been synthesized using a cost-effective and facile sol gel route. The structural, chemical and optical properties of the prepared samples have been studied using various characterization techniques. The UV-Vis analysis revealed better absorption in the case of the nanocomposite as compared to its parent materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis has been employed to determine the structural formation of the nanocomposite and the crystallite size with the use of Scherrer’s formula. The photo conductivity study of the sample showed enhanced photocurrent in the case of nanocomposite as compared to its single components, thus, presenting it as a potential candidate for solar cell applications, especially as photoanode material in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC).

Characterizations of Zeolite, Polyaniline and Zeolite/Polyaniline as Antifouling Materials for Marine Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Abdelsalam Ahdash ◽  
Esah Hamzah ◽  
Ali Ourdjini ◽  
Ahmad Abdolahi
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Polymerization ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Homogeneous Microstructure ◽  
Antifouling Coatings ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
Synthesized Materials ◽  
Core Materials

In this paper, the basic synthesis of encapsulated zeolite, polyaniline and zeolite/polyaniline composite as self-healing core materials for antifouling coatings was studied through interfacial polymerization. All materials were synthesized by using ammonium persulphate as an oxidant agent. Field Emission Scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) techniques were used to characterize the synthesized materials. This paper aims to study on synthesis and characterization of zeolite, polyaniline and zeolite/polyaniline composite as self-healing core materials for antifouling applications. FESEM revealed that a smooth and homogeneous microstructure of materials. XRD results showed the high crystalline nature of all materials. FTIR showed the successful synthesis of the three materials. Finally, DSC results revealed appreciable Thermal properties of the developed materials.

Glibenclamide-Nicotinamide Cocrystals Synthesized by The Solvent Evaporation Method to Enhance Solubility and Dissolution Rate of Glibenclamide

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Arif Budiman ◽  
Ayu Apriliani ◽  
Tazyinul Qoriah ◽  
Sandra Megantara
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Evaporation ◽  
Physical Mixture ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Solvent Evaporation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Evaporation Method ◽  
Dissolution Properties ◽  
Mixture Characterization

Purpose: To develop glibenclamide-nicotinamide cocrystals with the solvent evaporation method and evaluate their solubility and dissolution properties. Methods: Cocrystals of glibenclamide-nicotinamide (1:2) were prepared with the solvent evaporation method. The prediction of interactive cocrystals was observed using in silico method. The solubility and dissolution were performed as evaluation of cocrystals. The cocrystals also were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectrophotometry, and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Result: The solubility and dissolution profile of glibenclamide-nicotinamide cocrystal (1:2) increased significantly compared to pure glibenclamide as well as its physical mixture. Characterization of cocrystal glibenclamide-nicotinamide (1:2) including infrared Fourier transform, DSC, and PXRD, indicated the formation of a new solid crystal phase differing from glibenclamide and nicotinamide. Conclusion: The confirmation of cocrystal glibenclamide-nicotinamide (1:2) indicated the formation of new solid crystalline phases that differ from pure glibenclamide and its physical mixture

Studies on the Preparation, Characterization and Solubility of -Cyclodextrin-Roxythromycin Inclusion Complexes

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-530
Author(s):  
D. Nagasamy Venkatesh ◽  
S. Karthick ◽  
M. Umesh ◽  
G. Vivek ◽  
R.M. Valliappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
Poorly Soluble ◽  
Poorly Soluble Drug

Roxythromycin/ β-cyclodextrin (Roxy/ β-CD) dispersions were prepared with a view to study the influence of β-CD on the solubility and dissolution rate of this poorly soluble drug. Phase-solubility profile indicated that the solubility of roxythromycin was significantly increased in the presence of β-cyclodextrin and was classified as AL-type, indicating the 1:1 stoichiometric inclusion complexes. Physical characterization of the prepared systems was carried out by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction studies (XRD) and IR studies. Solid state characterization of the drug β-CD binary system using XRD, FTIR and DSC revealed distinct loss of drug crystallinity in the formulation, ostensibly accounting for enhancement of dissolution rate.

scholarly journals Characterization of Beeswax, Candelilla Wax and Paraffin Wax for Coating Cheeses

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Adolfo Bucio ◽  
Rosario Moreno-Tovar ◽  
Lauro Bucio ◽  
Jessica Espinosa-Dávila ◽  
Francisco Anguebes-Franceschi
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Paraffin Wax ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Ductile Behavior ◽  
Candelilla Wax

A study on the physical and mechanical properties of beeswax (BW), candelilla wax (CW), paraffin wax (PW) and blends was carried out with the aim to evaluate their usefulness as coatings for cheeses. Waxes were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), permeability, viscosity, flexural and tensile tests and scanning electron microscopy. Cheeses were coated with the waxes and stored for 5 weeks at 30 °C. Measured parameters were weight, moisture, occurrence and degree of fractures, and dimensional changes. The crystal phases identified by XRD for the three waxes allowed them to determine the length of alkanes and the nonlinear compounds in crystallizable forms in waxes. FTIR spectra showed absorption bands between 1800 and 800 cm−1 related to carbonyls in BW and CW. In DSC, the onset of melting temperature was 45.5 °C for BW, and >54 °C for CW and PW. Cheeses coated with BW did not show cracks after storage. Cheeses coated with CW and PW showed microcraks, and lost weight, moisture and shrunk. In the flexural and tensile tests, BW was ductile; CW and PW were brittle. BW blends with CW or PW displays a semi ductile behavior. Cheeses coated with BW blends lost less than 5% weight during storage. The best waxes were BW and the blends.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Clay Polymer Nanocomposites of P(4VP-co-AAm) and Their Application for the Removal of Atrazine

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Ramírez-Gómez ◽  
Javier Illescas ◽  
María del Carmen Díaz-Nava ◽  
Claudia Muro-Urista ◽  
Sonia Martínez-Gallegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Nanocomposite Materials ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Synthesized Materials

Atrazine (ATZ) is an herbicide which is applied to the soil, and its mechanism of action involves the inhibition of photosynthesis. One of its main functions is to control the appearance of weeds in crops, primarily in corn, sorghum, sugar cane, and wheat; however, it is very toxic for numerous species, including humans. Therefore, this work deals with the adsorption of ATZ from aqueous solutions using nanocomposite materials, synthesized with two different types of organo-modified clays. Those were obtained by the free radical polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) and acrylamide (AAm) in different stoichiometric ratios, using tetrabutylphosphonium persulfate (TBPPS) as a radical initiator and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) as cross-linking agent. The structural, morphological, and textural characteristics of clays, copolymers, and nanocomposites were determined through different analytical and instrumental techniques, i.e., X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Adsorption kinetics experiments of ATZ were determined with the modified and synthesized materials, and the effect of the ratio between 4VP and AAm moieties on the removal capacities of the obtained nanocomposites was evaluated. Finally, from these sets of experiments, it was demonstrated that the synthesized nanocomposites with higher molar fractions of 4VP obtained the highest removal percentages of ATZ.

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