scholarly journals Anti-Microbial and Remineralizing Properties of Self-Adhesive Orthodontic Resin Containing Mesoporous Bioactive Glass

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3550
Author(s):  
Aerin Choi ◽  
Kyung-Hyeon Yoo ◽  
Seog-Young Yoon ◽  
Bong-Soo Park ◽  
In-Ryoung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mesoporous Bioactive Glass

Self-adhesive resins (SARs) contain adhesives, which simplify the procedures of resin application, and primers, which provide sufficient bonding ability. In this study, mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBN) were added to a SAR to easily improve the physical properties and remineralization ability. The experimental resins comprised 1%, 3%, and 5% MBN mixed in Ortho Connect Flow (GC Corp, Tokyo, Japan). As the MBN content in the SAR increased, the microhardness increased, and a statistically significant difference was observed between the cases of 1% and 5% MBN addition. Shear bond strength increased for 1% and 3% MBN samples and decreased for 5% MBN. The addition of MBN indicated a statistically significant antibacterial effect on both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. The anti-demineralization experiment showed that the remineralization length increased with the MBN content of the sample. Through the above results, we found that SAR containing MBN has antibacterial and remineralization effects. Thus, by adding MBN to the SAR, we investigated the possibility of orthodontic resin development, wherein the strength is enhanced and the drawbacks of the conventional SAR addressed.

scholarly journals Pyelonephritis in Pediatric Uropathic Patients: Differences from Community-Acquired Ones and Therapeutic Protocol Considerations. A 10-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Giovanni Parente ◽  
Tommaso Gargano ◽  
Stefania Pavia ◽  
Chiara Cordola ◽  
Marzia Vastano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Pyelonephritis (PN) represents an important cause of morbidity in the pediatric population, especially in uropathic patients. The aim of the study is to demonstrate differences between PNs of uropathic patients and PNs acquired in community in terms of uropathogens involved and antibiotic sensitivity; moreover, to identify a proper empiric therapeutic strategy. A retrospective study was conducted on antibiograms on urine cultures from PNs in vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) patients admitted to pediatric surgery department and from PNs in not VUR patients admitted to Pediatric Emergency Unit between 2010 and 2020. We recorded 58 PNs in 33 patients affected by VUR and 112 PNs in the not VUR group. The mean age of not VUR patients at the PN episode was 1.3 ± 2.6 years (range: 20 days of life–3 years), and almost all the urine cultures, 111 (99.1%), isolated Gram-negative bacteria and rarely, 1 (0.9%), Gram-positive bacteria. The Gram-negative uropathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (97%), Proteus mirabilis (2%), and Klebsiella spp. (1%). The only Gram-positive bacteria isolated was an Enterococcus faecalis. As regards the antibiograms, 96% of not VUR PNs responded to beta-lactams, 99% to aminoglycosides, and 80% to sulfonamides. For the VUR group, mean age was 3.0 years ± 3.0 years (range: 9 days of life–11 years) and mean number of episodes per patient was 2.0 ± 1.0 (range: 1–5); 83% of PNs were by Gram-negatives bacteria vs. 17% by Gram-positive: the most important Gram-negative bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (44%), Escherichia coli (27%), and Klebsiella spp. (12%), while Enterococcus spp. determined 90% of Gram-positive UTIs. Regimen ampicillin/ceftazidime (success rate: 72.0%) was compared to ampicillin/amikacin (success rate of 83.0%): no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.09). The pathogens of PNs in uropathic patients are different from those of community-acquired PNs, and clinicians should be aware of their peculiar antibiotic susceptibility. An empiric therapy based on the association ampicillin + ceftazidime is therefore suggested.

scholarly journals Difference of Procalcitonin Levels in Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis Patients of Indonesia Army Central Hospital Gatot Soebroto in 2016

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Nindy Handayani ◽  
Soroy Lardo ◽  
Nunuk Nugrohowati
Keyword(s):  
Mean Difference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Sepsis ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Procalcitonin is known as a marker of infection and indicator for severity of infections. In sepsis, elevated procalcitonin levels in blood have a significant value that can be used as a sepsis biomarker. The aim of this study was to determine the mean difference of procalcitonin levels in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial sepsis patients.Methods: This study used quantitative method with cross sectional approach. The sample of this study were bacterial sepsis patients of Indonesia Army Central Hospital Gatot Soebroto in 2016 which were divided into two groups: Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial sepsis patients with the number of each group was 30 samples. The data were analyzed by using independent t test.Results: This study showed that mean levels of procalcitonin in Gram-positive bacterial sepsis patients was 6.47 ng/ml and Gram-negative was 66.04 ng/ml. There was a significant difference between mean levels of procalcitonin in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial sepsis patients of Indonesia Army Central Hospital Gatot Soebroto in 2016 with p value = 0.000 (p < 0.05).Conclusion: The mean difference of procalcitonin levels in Gram-negative bacterial sepsis patients were higher than Gram-positive bacterial sepsis patients, because Gram-negative bacteria have lipopolysaccharide which is a strong immunostimulator and increases TNF-α production higher than Gram-positive bacteria. 

scholarly journals Pattern of antibiotic resistance of various strains of bacteria causing acute tonsillitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 994
Author(s):  
N. Jyothsna ◽  
A. Ramya ◽  
K. Abhilash ◽  
Bathsa Liza Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Acute Tonsillitis ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Drugs ◽  
Significant Difference

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Our study was done to determine the pattern of antibiotic resistance of various strains of bacteria causing acute tonsillitis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> the study was a randomized cross sectional study. Patients matching the inclusion criteria were included. Duration of study was 6 months.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 120 cases, 46 cases showed no bacterial growth (NBG) and 74 cases showed bacterial growth. 42 cases were gram-negative bacterial strain and 32 cases were positive bacterial strain out of 72 bacterial grown cases. A list of 25 antibiotic drugs in gram-negative and 31 drugs in gram-positive strain, their sensitivity and resistance were taken and noted. Among gram-negative bacteria imipenem (71.4%) showed highest sensitivity. Highest antibiotic resistance was seen in ampicillin (85.71%). Least sensitivity is observed in clindamycin, amoxicillin+clavulanic acid with 2.38%. Among gram-positive bacteria, highest sensitivity was noted in cefotaxime (75%). Highest antibiotic resistance was seen in cotrimoxazole (46.8%). Least sensitivity is observed in netilmicin, sulbactam with 3.12%.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The number of drugs resistant to the gram-positive bacteria are lesser than number of drugs sensitive, which showed significant difference (p&lt;0.05). Significant difference of antibiotic drugs was not found in gram-negative bacteria. Our study findings helped in appropriate and guarded use of the antibiotic drugs in acute tonsillitis, minimizing the exposure of individuals to antibiotic resistance by choosing an appropriate sensitive drug, therefore improving the quality of therapy.</p>

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and physical characteristics of orthodontic primers containing antimicrobial agents

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-Hye Chung ◽  
Soha Cho ◽  
Kyungsun Kim ◽  
Bum-Soon Lim ◽  
Sug-Joon Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Bond Failure ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the antimicrobial and physical properties of experimental primers containing chlorhexidine (CHX) or ursolic acid (UA) with a commercial primer. Materials and Methods: Two antibacterial agents, 3 mg each of CHX and UA were incorporated respectively into 1 ml of Transbond XT primer (TX) to form antibacterial primers, TX-CHX and TX-UA. The antimicrobial activity of the three primers (TX, TX-CHX, and TX-UA) against Streptococcus mutans in both planktonic and biofilm phases was analyzed by determining minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations and by performing growth and biofilm assays. Growth and biofilm assays were performed in both the absence and presence of thermocycling in a water tank to analyze the effects of water aging on the antimicrobial activities of primers. After bonding brackets onto bovine incisors using the primers, shear bond strength and mode of fracture were analyzed to compare physical properties. Results: TX-CHX had stronger antimicrobial activity against S. mutans in the planktonic and biofilm phases than did TX or TX-UA. When applied, TX-CHX completely inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of S. mutans. In addition, the antimicrobial activity of TX-CHX was maintained after thermocycling. However, TX-UA did not show significant antimicrobial activity compared with TX. There was no significant difference in either shear bond strength or bond failure interface among the primers. Conclusion: Incorporation of CHX into an orthodontic primer may help prevent enamel demineralization around surfaces without compromising its physical properties.

scholarly journals A Xenorhabdus budapestensis entomopatogén baktérium sejtmentes fermentlevének és tisztítottfehérje-frakciójának antimikrobiális hatása néhány zoonoticus baktériumra

2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (44) ◽  
pp. 1782-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erzsébet Burgettiné Böszörményi ◽  
István Barcs ◽  
Gyula Domján ◽  
Katalin Bélafiné Bakó ◽  
András Fodor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pasteurella Multocida ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Conditioned Media ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Salmonella Gallinarum ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test

Introduction: Many multi-resistant patogens appear continuously resulting in a permanent need for the development of novel antibiotics. A large number of antibiotics introduced in clinical and veterinary practices are not effective. Antibacterial peptides with unusual mode of action may represent a promising option against multi-resistant pathogens. The entomopathogenic Xenorhabdus budapestensis bacteria produce several different antimicrobial peptides compounds such as bicornutin-A and fabclavin. Aim: The aim of the authors was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial effect of Xenorhabdus budapestensis using zoonotic patogen bacteria. Method: Cell-free conditioned media and purified peptide fractions of Xenorhabdus budapestensis were tested on Gram-positive (Rhodococcus equi, Erysipelothrix rhusiopathia, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus equi, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Listeria monocytagenes) and Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella gallinarum, Salmonella derbi, Bordatella bronchoseptica, Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Aeromonas hydrophila) using agar diffusion test on blood agar plates. Results: It was found that Xenorhabdus budapestensis bacteria produced compounds with strong and dose-dependent effects on the tested organisms. Purified peptid fraction exerted a more marked effect than cell free conditioned media. Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to this antibacterial effect than Gram-negative bacteria. Conclusions: Antibacterial peptide compound from Xenorhabdus budapestensis exert marked antibacterial effect on zoonotic patogen bacteria and they should be further evaluated in future for their potential use in the control or prevention of zoonoses. Orv. Hetil., 2015, 156(44), 1782–1786.

scholarly journals Effects of bioactive glass incorporation into glass ionomer cement on demineralized dentin

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jung Kim ◽  
Han Eul Bae ◽  
Ji-Eun Lee ◽  
In-Seong Park ◽  
Hee-Gyun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Dentin Surface ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ionomer Cement ◽  
Demineralized Dentin

AbstractThe effects of the incorporation of sodium-free bioactive glass into glass ionomer cement (GIC) on the demineralized dentin are studied. Four experimental groups with various amounts of BAG in GIC were considered: BG0 group: 0 wt% (control); BG5 group: 5 wt%; BG10 group: 10 wt%; BG20 group: 20 wt%. The GIC surface and GIC-approximated demineralized dentin surfaces were evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to evaluate the chemical changes in the GIC-approximated dentin surface. In addition, a shear bond strength test was performed to evaluate the effects of BAG incorporation on the bond strength of GIC. FE–SEM analysis indicated that BAG-incorporated GICs formed distinct precipitates on their surface. Precipitates were also formed on the GIC-approximated demineralized dentin surface. It was more obvious when the amount of BAG increased. In the XRD analysis, fluorapatitie (FAP) peaks were detected in the BG5, BG10, and BG20 groups. There was no significant difference in the shear bond strength among all experimental groups. BAG-incorporated GIC precipitated FAP crystals underlying demineralized dentin surface without affecting bond strength. This study suggests the possibility of BAG as a beneficial additive in GIC.

scholarly journals Gram Negative Bacteria (Escherichia coli) Win Against Gram Positive Bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) in The Same Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Neisya Intan Cahyaningtyas Agung Putri ◽  
Ramadhani Ramadhani ◽  
Eddy Bagus Wasito
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Biodiversity of the microorganism in Indonesia lead to the large amount of patient with infection. Human can get infected in two different place, with different kind of bacteria that cause the infection. This may lead to bacteremia without knowing which bacteria type whose causing it, either the Gram positive or Gram negative bacteria, whereas the treatment of this two types of bacteria are different. The aim of this study is to determine the doubling time of the Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria when they are grown in the same lesion and the kinds of bacteria that we need to eliminate first.Methods: Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria were used as samples in this study. Bacterial culture in nutrient broth with 0.5 OD turbidity were mixed then incubated in incubator with 35˚C. Every one hour within 24 hour, 0.01 ml of bacterial culture was taken in serial dilutionover time, varying between 106 – 1012, . It was then planted in nutrient agar plate with droplets technique. After it had been incubated for 24 hours, we counted the Colony Forming Unit per ml (CFU/ml) to time, then the doubling time of the bacteria. The result were then compared between the Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli group.Results: Two tailed t-test result of the doubling time between Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli was < 0,05 (p=0,000) wich means that there is significant difference of the doubling time between Staphylococcus aureus (24,35 ± 2,23 munites), and Escherichia coli (18,37 ± 0,50 minutes). When grown in the same media, Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) had slower doubling time than Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) as much as 1.32 times.Conclusion: In bacteremia with two possible kinds of bacterial suspect, we need to eliminate the Gram negative bacteria first.

The antibacterial effect of G3-poly-amidoamine dendrimer on gram negative and gram positive bacteria in aqueous solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Saifoury Mofrad ◽  
Mohammad Javad Mohammadi ◽  
Hossein Jafari Mansoorian ◽  
Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi ◽  
Mohammad Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

scholarly journals Antibacterial effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Mauritia flexuosa leaves on gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1487
Author(s):  
Ana Sandoval Vergara ◽  
Marlon Farfán Córdova ◽  
Marco Leoncio Salazar Castillo ◽  
Icela Marissa Rodríguez Haro ◽  
Ana Paula Vizconde Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Mauritia Flexuosa

Background: Plant-derived compounds are sometimes used as substitutes for pharmaceuticals. Mauritia flexuosa is a palm tree that is widely distributed in South America, especially in the Amazon region. The San Martín region of Peru, in which this species of the Arecaceae family is found, has great biological diversity and there is economic potential in the utilization of natural resources in the region. Methods: In this study, the antibacterial effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of Mauritia flexuosa leaves was evaluated for gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and gram-negative Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. Typhi ATCC 11011. Mauritia flexuosa leaves were used to prepare concentrations of 10, 20, 40 and 60mg/ml. Phytochemical analysis was performed to identify secondary metabolites in the plants. For the experiment, 10 Mueller-Hinton agar plates were prepared and 1ml of bacterial inoculum, standardized to 0.5 McFarland, was added to each plate. The hydroalcoholic extract was added via the diffusion method, making five holes of 5mm each (four with extract concentrations and one with distilled water as a control group), and the plates were incubated for 24 hours at 36°C. The inhibition halo was measured in mm using a digital vernier caliper. Results: For gram-negative bacteria, an antibacterial effect was demonstrated for Pseudomonas aeruginosa only, at an extract concentration of 60mg/ml, with an inhibition halo of 14.8 mm. For gram-positive bacteria Baccillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, an antibacterial effect was demonstrated at an extract concentration of 60mg/ml, with inhibition halos of 13.2mm and 15.4mm in diameter, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract of Mauritia flexuosa does not inhibit bacterial growth for gram-negative bacteria Salmonella Typhi and Escherichia coli.

scholarly journals The effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract on gram positive and negative bacteria

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Intesar Hussien Ali
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Inhibition Effect ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria

The antibacterial effect of garlic (Allium sativum) extract was evaluated by in vitrostudy testing the growth of various Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative bacteria.The bactericidal activity of this extract was analyzed by serial dilution in tubes.This study, found that Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive bacteria susceptible tovery low garlic concentrations. On the other hand, Gram-Negative bacteria weremore susceptible than Gram-Positive bacteria, the minimal bactericidalconcentration of Gram-Negative bacteria was 2 mg ml-1 but minimal bactericidalconcentration of Gram-Positive bacteria was 4 mg ml- that means doubleinhibition concentration of Gram-negative bacteria. This study suggest that garlichave inhibition effect about Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative bacteria and garlicwas natural material found in Iraq and world wide with little side effect.

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