scholarly journals Economic Evaluation of Cement Grouted Bituminous Mixes for Airport Pavements

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (23) ◽  
pp. 7230
Author(s):  
Paola Di Mascio ◽  
Giuseppe Loprencipe ◽  
Laura Moretti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Discounted Cost ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
Innovative Material ◽  
Cement Mixture

The Cement Grouted Bituminous Mix (CGBM) is an innovative material that could be used to build airport pavements subjected to heavy concentrated loads or fuel and solvent leaks. CGBM is composed of a porous asphalt clogged with an expansive cement mixture, which fills the asphalt voids. This paper focuses on two airport pavements (i.e., a taxiway and a helipad one) to be paved in an Italian airport. For each surface, the construction and maintenance costs of a CGBM pavement and a traditional flexible pavement have been compared. The pavements should bear different traffic loads, while the weather, subgrade, and materials are the same: the fatigue and rutting verification gives structures whose cost analysis leads to different results. The CGBM solution for the taxiway has a cost comparable to that of the equivalent traditional flexible pavement (i.e., 73.87 €/m2 vs. 73.20 €/m2 during the service life). On the other hand, the overall discounted cost of the helipad surface paved with CGBM is higher than that obtained for the traditional pavement (i.e., 82.4 €/m2 vs. 67.5 €/m2). Therefore, the study demonstrates that the economic opportunity of CGBM solutions strongly depends on traffic loads.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF PORUS ASPHALT MIXTURE USING ANTI-PELALING AGENTS WITH REAM SPECIFICATIONS

ASTONJADRO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Arman Abu ◽  
Natsar Desi ◽  
Sri Gusty
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Permeability Coefficient ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Average Value ◽  
High Adhesion

<p>Flexible pavement is very weak against waterlogging because water can loosen the bond between aggregate and asphalt. Porous Asphalt has lower durability because it has high pores so that it can be passed by water. Poor bonding of asphalt and aggregate will cause stripping. This peeling can cause water absorption which will eventually accelerate road damage. Derbo 401 anti-peeling material is one of the new breakthroughs, in the form of additives that can change the properties of aggregates and asphalt, increase adhesion and bonding, and reduce the negative effects caused by water so as to produce a mixture of asphalt with high adhesion. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding anti-stripping agent type Derbo-401 to the permeability value and to determine the resistance of the porous asphalt mixture with the addition of anti-striping agent type Derbo-401 in the Cantabro test and to determine the microstructure of the porous asphalt mixture. Using the REAM-2008 Specification. Based on the results of the study, the Permeability Coefficient Value of the porous asphalt mixture was 0.254 cm3/sec. the lowest percentage Derbo 0.4%, the lowest Cantabro Loss value at 0.3% addition percentage gets an average value of 6.13%, Has met the required specifications max 15%. The elements that make up the porous asphalt mixture with the addition of Derbo percentage are more in the elements Si (silicon) 19.93%, Ca (calcium) 21.12%, S (sulfur) 8.45%, Fe (ferrum) 8.80%, K (potassium) 2.42% and the other elements are less.</p>

Ekonomic efficiency of the bioprepations application when goosberry (Ribes uva-crispa L.) under the conditions of the Ukraine`s Lisosteppe

2020 ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
O.G. Polgorodnik ◽  
◽  
S.I. Gradchenko ◽  
L.O. Barabash ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Cost Recovery ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
Biological Protection

In the conditions of the Ukraine`s Lisosteppe the efficiency of the researched biological protection means Trichodermin, Planryz, Pentafag and Gaupsin in dejecting the development of and septoria spot in the gooseberry orchards appeared to depend both on the experimental preparations and cultivar peculiarities. The cv Svarog biological resistance to powdery mildew proved higher as compared to “Tiasmyn” on the background of the protective treatments with biological preparations.The development of on the variety “Tiasmyn” varied from 24.4 to 31.1 % and on “Svarog” from 12.7 to 17.6 %. The preparation Gaupsin turned on more efficient against diseases in comparison with the other biological preparations during all the research years. The economic evaluation showed that in the “Tiasmyn” orchards in the variants with using the biopreparations the production costs per ha rose by 9.6 - 13.0 %, including the plants protection by 1.9-1.7 % as compared to the control but thanks to the yield increase by13.8-20.0 % the profit was higher by 17.6-26.3 %. The most effective variant in this cultivar protection system was the preparation Gaupsin utilization – the rate of return cost recovery was 225 %. The profit per hectare in the above mentioned treatment rose to 129.6 thousand grn under a profitableness level of 124.1 %. The cultivar “Svarog” was characterized with the lower yield than “Tiasmyn” in all the variants. As a result the profit and profitableness rise of the economic efficiency indices in the treatments with the biopreparations usage in comparison with the control (as a result of the yield increase by 19.6-25.4 % the profit rose by 22.7-35.1 %). When applying Gaupsin the highest rate of return cost recovery of the additional costs, profit per hectare and profitableness level were achieved – 230.9 %, 120.8 thousand grn and 119.4 % respectively. The obtained results enable to recommend Gaupsin as an element of the gooseberry orchards protection from the main diseases in the Ukraine`s Lisosteppe.

scholarly journals The Influence of Bonding between Layers on Pavement Performance, a Case Study of Malaysian Road

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 09002
Author(s):  
Nur Hamizah Zulkifili ◽  
Muslich Hartadi Sutanto
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Horizontal Load ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Road Base ◽  
Pavement Structure ◽  
Base Course

This paper summarizes a theoretical study undertaken to provide a better understanding of the consequences of poor bond on flexible pavement performance. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the influence of bond on the performance of Malaysian road. The pavement structure of Malaysian road was analyzed using a layered linear elastic program, BISAR 3.0 taking into account different state of the bond at the interfaces of the pavement layers and a static horizontal load in addition to the standard vertical dual load. The results indicate that the condition of the bond between the wearing and binder course can reduce the life of the pavement by up to 64%. On the other hand, the results also indicate that the condition of the bond between the binder and road base course, which was made up from asphaltic materials can reduce the life of the pavement by up to 68%.

Instrumentation of a Geosynthetic-Reinforced Flexible Pavement System

1997 ◽  
Vol 1596 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Steven W. Perkins ◽  
Joseph A. Lapeyre
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Test Section ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Program Of Study ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
Base Course

Geosynthetics have been proposed and used to reinforce base course layers in flexible pavement sections to reduce base course thickness, or life-cycle costs, or both. Studies show conflicting results regarding the level to which geosynthetics can improve the performance of flexible pavements. To examine the reinforcement role of geosynthetics, a program of study has been initiated to define the mechanisms of base course reinforcement, to define and quantify the effect of site-specific parameters on the level of improvement observed, and to devise a design tool that can be readily applied in practice. This program will eventually involve the instrumentation of a full-scale pavement subjected to moving traffic loads, the success of which is essential to meeting the three objectives. As a first examination of the performance of proposed instruments, a pilot test section was constructed and monitored for approximately 3 months. The test section was chosen and constructed not necessarily to establish geosynthetic performance but rather to evaluate instrument installation techniques and subsequent instrument performance. Instruments designed to measure strain in the geosynthetics, base course, and asphalt concrete were included.

AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF CONTROL METHODS FOR DIFFUSE AND SPOTTED KNAPWEED IN WESTERN CANADA

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. HARRIS ◽  
R. CRANSTON
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Spotted Knapweed ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Effective Solution ◽  
Introduced Weeds

Diffuse and spotted knapweed are introduced weeds that threaten to spread throughout the uncultivated drylands of Western Canada. By 1972 approximately 30 000 ha, mostly in British Columbia, were infested, with forage reductions of up to 88%. Presently the infestation may be increasing by 10% a year and it is estimated that 8.4–10.7 million ha are susceptible to invasion by one or the other species in Western Canada. This would be disastrous to both ranching and wildlife in the region. The economics of various options for control are discussed. Biological control, which is likely to require the introduction of six agents and cost a total of $1.8 million, is the most cost-effective solution. However, until it can be fully implemented (10–20 yr) new infestations can be spot-treated with picloram. It is also economic to convert dense stands to tame pasture after killing the knapweed with picloram at 0.5 kg/ha although the knapweed is likely to begin reinvasion after 4 yr.

scholarly journals Effect of Modulus of Bituminous Layers and Utilization of Capping Layer on Weak Pavement Subgrades

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 1286-1299
Author(s):  
Muhammed Alzaim ◽  
Abdulgazi Gedik ◽  
Abdullah Hilmi Lav
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
High Modulus ◽  
Specific Design ◽  
Capping Layer ◽  
Traffic Loads ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Pavement Foundation

The majority of the world’s highways consist of a flexible pavement commonly built of several layers (both asphaltic and granular) that have been laid over a pavement foundation known as the subgrade. A subgrade that is considered to be of a satisfying bearing capacity is expected to restrict not only the immediate distresses occurring during the construction phases, but also later deformations appearing during the service life of the pavement as it subjected to traffic loads. If the subgrade proves to be structurally weak, the highway’s flexible pavement can be supported by adding such modifications as a capping layer, which serves to greatly reduce the stress being applied to the pavement. This study aims to further our knowledge about maximum pavement functionality by investigating those parameters considered crucial to pavement design: the correspondence of material properties, the number of layers, and the layer thickness. These parameters were analyzed to determine the best performing composition, while also considering the financial aspects of road construction. To achieve such an aim, we chose to use KENLAYER software to assist us in determining the design of a flexible pavement in line with a specific Equivalent Single Axle Load (ESAL). The KENLAYER configuration provided us with the required ESAL targets for specific design lives. We next calculated the relative costs of these targets and chose those that proved to be most cost-effective and economical. The results indicate that when considering feasible pavements to meet a design of high ESAL applications, those utilizing high modulus asphaltic materials are most suitable for subgrade CBR of at least 3%, while weaker subgrade constructions must be provided with a capping layer.

scholarly journals Project Financing per il recupero funzionale ad uso ricettivo del “Forte dei Pianelloni” di Lerici

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Frroku ◽  
Massimo Rovai ◽  
Caterina Calvani
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Private Entity ◽  
Definition Of

Project Financing for functional recovery of the “Forte dei Pianelloni” in LericiThe central theme is the Project Financing, a complex financial instrument that can potentially be used to give a new life to a state property with a strong historical and architectural value and in a state of neglect, through the use of public-private partnerships. This evaluation technique makes it possible to understand the economic and financial feasibility of an intervention both for the owner of the asset (the public) and for the private entity that puts the resources for the requalification / restructuring and will own the profits from the management of the asset. Therefore, assuming the role of a Private Financial Promoter, I developed the Preliminary Project and the Feasibility Study with reference to two possible uses. The work was divided in two parts: in the first part the Preliminary Project was a reworking of an architectural relief kindly lent by the municipality of Lerici to expose the current state of the structure adding also hints of history. Then I made two proposals: one hypothesis is a fancy project with Resorts &amp; Suites and the other is a more affordable one with Hostel &amp; Camping; I considered also the differences between the two proposals. To develop the work, the use of a drone for inspections and a 3D printing to create the plastics were also experimented. In the second part that consists in the Feasibility Study was developed through an analysis of the possible positioning on the market with respect to the project hypotheses, the definition of the restructuring, management and maintenance costs. There were also analyzed other fortifications in the Gulf of Spezia, that were already reconverted in other uses. This study highlights the economic and financial feasibility of both design assumptions.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Serbuk Ban Bekas Sebagai Campuran Agregat Halus Pada Campuran Aspal Porous

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Nunung Martina ◽  
Muhammad Fathur Rouf Hasan ◽  
Yanuar Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Porous Asphalt ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
New Generation

The porous asphalt mixture is a new generation of flexible pavement that is able to pass water in the upper layer (wearing course) both vertically and horizontally. The porous asphalt layer effectively provides more safety, especially when it rains to avoid aquaplaning which causes roughness of the surface to be more rough. Therefore, at this time there are many studies on the use of alternative materials to replace the limited natural materials with materials that can be utilized. The results showed that porous asphalt mixture with used tire crumb as a fine aggregate mixture had an increase in flow value of 6.32% with a decrease in stability value by 27.52% and a decrease Marshall Quotient value at 31.82%. The testing of roughness is increased by 17.71% and Mu-Meter 24.14%. This research is effective in overcoming environmental problems which include processing tire waste of 3.03 tons for 1 km of road pavement construction work.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE LIVESTOCK FUND OF THE AGRICULTURAL INITIATIVE IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD (2009-2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-657
Author(s):  
M. H. O. Al khazeli ◽  
B. H. Al-Badri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
The Other ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
High Interest ◽  
Food Pattern ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Livestock Products

The demand for livestock products (dairy, meat, eggs) is characterized by a continuous increase in its basic importance as well as being essential in the prevailing food pattern domestically. The livestock sector suffers from a problem of poor funding and the investor’s inability to compete for several reasons, the most important of which is the high interest on loans granted by institutions. Borrowing, and since the project needs large capital, it will make the investor a loser without any doubt. The demand for livestock products is characterized by a continuous increase in its basic importance and its entry as a major component of the prevailing food pattern locally. With the exception of the governorates of Nineveh and Salah al-Din for the period (2009-2013), it decreased to less than 50% for the period (2014-2018) and the reason is due to the events that occurred in addition to the repeated postponement decisions for all loans within the Federal Budget Law. The rate of late loan collection is low in all governorates for the period studied (2009-2016), as the average did not exceed 62% in 2016, or the lowest average was in 2010 by 4.5%, and the reason for this is that the projects that were lagged in repayment are either that the rates of completion Their operation is low from the beginning, or poorly managed and subject to repeated epidemiological injuries. The research also found that the rates of collection of the livestock fund increased, reaching the highest in 2012 (87.3) with a standard deviation (0.202) and the lowest average in 2018 (43.1) with a standard deviation (0.220) as it shows clearly the progress of the central and southern governorates over the other covered governorates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document