Internal Abiotic Components That Influence the Development of Biocorrosion on ETICS Plasters

Basic factors affecting the appearance of algae discoloration on the surface of the system are recognized effects of the external environment (external temperature and humidity, short- and long-term radiation, precipitation, wind and air pollution). Internal factors are often neglected by international technical documents on the evaluation of the effectiveness of resistance to biocorrosion of the External Thermal Insulation Composite System (ETICS). Based on literature data and in situ research, the basic internal factors responsible for the occurrence or intensification of the biocorrosion process were systematized. Internal factors were divided into two groups: (1) plaster properties and (2) solutions for material layouts and building details. The results of research on these factors indicate that they directly or indirectly influence the humidity condition of plaster and biocorrosion development is a consequence of this state. The opposite issue, the influence of biocorrosion on plaster properties, is analyzed only in patrial way.

Download Full-text

Impact of short- and long-term exposure to air pollution on blood pressure: A two-decade population-based study in Tehran

International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health ◽

10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113719 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 234 ◽

pp. 113719

Author(s):

Alireza Khajavi ◽

Seyed Saeed Tamehri Zadeh ◽

Fereidoun Azizi ◽

Robert D. Brook ◽

Hengameh Abdi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Population Based ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Short And Long Term

Download Full-text

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE RELAXATION OF BOLTS

IIUM Engineering Journal ◽

10.31436/iiumej.v16i1.539 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Abid ◽

Muhammad Shahid Khalil ◽

Hafiz Abdul Wajid

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Behaviour ◽

Relaxation Behaviour ◽

Bolted Joint ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Elastic Interactions ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Many ◽

Almost All ◽

Static Behaviour

Loss of pre-load with time, commonly known as â€˜Relaxationâ€™ is an established phenomena. Behaviour of a bolted joint depends upon the pre-load in the bolts in use, not the pre-load introduced by the mechanic. Loss of pre-load is expected due to the many factors such as embedment relaxation, gasket creep, elastic interactions, and vibration loosening or stress relaxation. In a gasketed joint, due to the gasket flexibility, relaxation is always substantial during preliminary passes, as 80 to 100% loss is not uncommon in almost all the bolts, resulting in a dynamic behaviour. Pre-load in a gasketed joint is stabilized and retained to certain extent in the final passes only. In a non-gasketed joint, due to no gasket and no rotation its static behaviour is concluded. This paper highlights the factors affecting the amount of relaxation with time and presents important considerations that can reduce this. Both the short and long term relaxations are recorded and a â€˜best fitâ€™ model for relaxation behaviour is derived.

Download Full-text

Adaptation of mammalian protein metabolism to amino acid supply

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s0029665100100126 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 28 (02) ◽

pp. 215-225

Author(s):

Hamish N. Munro

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Protein Metabolism ◽

External Environment ◽

The Body ◽

Metabolic Adaptation ◽

Internal Factors ◽

Physiological Adaptations ◽

Essential Nutrient ◽

Mammalian Protein

The metabolism of the animal is equipped to adapt to changes in both the internal and the external environment. Among internal factors are activity versus rest and sleep, and the menstrual cycle in the case of the female. Metabolism must also respond to variations in the external environment, such as heat and cold, and notably the availability of food. Metabolic adaptation to nutrient supply is of two kinds. First, there are transient physiological adaptations to the intermittent intake of nutritionally adequate meals. These short-lived adaptations account for a large part of the diurnal variations that have been observed in the protein metabolism of mammals (Wurtman, 1969). Secondly, long-term adaptive reactions occur when there is a decrease in availability of an essential nutrient in the diet. Under such circumstances, tissue constituents are lost to varying degrees from different parts of the body. It is proposed to discuss here mainly short-term physiological adaptations to variations in amino acid supply and their relevance to the needs of the body for dietary protein. Adaptive changes resulting from long-term protein deficiency are considered in the paper by Waterlow & Stephen (1969).

Download Full-text

The Methodology for the Selection of Technologies for the Removal of Microorganisms from ETICS

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.820.200 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 820 ◽

pp. 200-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Naďa Antošová ◽

Katarína Minarovičová

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Thermal Insulation ◽

Composite System ◽

Biological Materials ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Strategic Reasoning ◽

Unicellular Organisms ◽

Selection Of

The paper has the ambition to point out the validation of conceptual and a strategic reasoning in the design of solution of “green façade” with external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS). The text deals with selected information derived from long-term research on contamination of ETICS by biological materials (mostly unicellular organisms - algae). The paper concludes with a draft of decision-making process.

Download Full-text

Short and Long Term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Impact on Health in India: A Systematic Review

International Journal of Environmental Health Research ◽

10.1080/09603123.2019.1612042 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 593-617 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rahul Rajak ◽

Aparajita Chattopadhyay

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Short And Long Term

Download Full-text

Factors affecting short and long-term mortality after community-acquired pneumonia

10.1183/13993003.congress-2015.pa2565 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Fatma Tokgöz Akyil ◽

Armagan Hazar ◽

Murat Yalçinsoy ◽

Aykut Çilli ◽

Burcu Çelenk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Long Term Mortality

Download Full-text

The effects of air pollution on vegetation from a geographic perspective

Progress in Physical Geography Earth and Environment ◽

10.1177/030913330002400103 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 53-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eunmi Chang ◽

Valery J. Terwilliger

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Atmospheric Chemistry ◽

Community Dynamics ◽

Research Output ◽

Physical Geography ◽

Atmospheric Emissions ◽

The Past ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Holistic Research

Researchers in many fields seek to understand the effects of anthropogenic changes in atmospheric chemistry on vegetation distributions. Particularly important needs for information from a pragmatic perspective include (1) relationships between short-and long-term metabolic consequences of pollutant uptake to vegetation distributions, and (2) indirect influences of air pollution on plant-community dynamics. Biogeography would be the appropriate discipline to make the most powerful contributions to these needs. This does not only mean gathering research output to show a broader picture. In addition, it means introducing new approaches from various fields in order to deepen understanding of spatial phenomena in the past and present, and to better predict patterns of the future. We review developments in both reductionist and holistic research approaches that have effectively enhanced knowledge of how atmospheric emissions affect vegetation. Limitations of these approaches are also discussed. We assume that the contributions of Geographic Information Systems and remote sensing to this line of inquiry are sufficiently appreciated by the bio- and physical geography community to be de-emphasized here. Instead, other approaches better known in more specialized disciplines that are leading to powerful insights from a more restricted sector of the biogeographical community are emphasized. A synthetic core role for physical and biogeography that more fully embraces developments in related disciplines is then proposed.

Download Full-text

Effect of cigarette smoking on nitric oxide, structural, and mechanical properties of mouse arteries

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00376.2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 291 (5) ◽

pp. H2354-H2361 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

X. Guo ◽

M. J. Oldham ◽

M. T. Kleinman ◽

R. F. Phalen ◽

G. S. Kassab

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Mechanical Properties ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Coronary Arteries ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

By Products ◽

Enos Protein

Cigarette smoking (CS) is a major risk factor for vascular disease. The aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the influence of CS on mouse arteries. We studied the effect of short-term (6 wk) and long-term (16 wk) CS exposure on structural and mechanical properties of coronary arteries compared with that of control mice. We also examined the reversibility of the deleterious effects of CS on structural [e.g., wall thickness (WT)], mechanical (e.g., stiffness), and biochemical [e.g., nitric oxide (NO) by-products] properties with the cessation of CS. The left and right coronary arteries were cannulated in situ and mechanically distended. The stress, strain, elastic modulus, and WT of coronary arteries were determined. Western blot analysis was used to analyze endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in the femoral and carotid arteries of the same mice, and NO by-products were determined by measuring the levels of nitrite. Our results show that the mean arterial pressure was increased by CS. Furthermore, CS significantly increased the elastic modulus, decreased stress and strain, and increased the WT and WT-to-radius ratio compared with those of control mice. The reduction of eNOS protein expression was found only after long-term CS exposure. Moreover, the NO metabolite was markedly decreased in CS mice after short- and long-term exposure of CS. These findings suggest that 16 wk of CS exposure can cause an irreversible deterioration of structural and elastic properties of mouse coronary arteries. The decrease in endothelium-derived NO in CS mice was seen to significantly correlate with the remodeling of arterial wall.

Download Full-text