Genus Stachys: A Review of Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Bioactivity

Background: The genus Stachys L. (Lamiaceae) includes about 300 species as annual or perennial herbs or small shrubs, spread in temperate regions of Mediterranean, Asia, America and southern Africa. Several species of this genus are extensively used in various traditional medicines. They are consumed as herbal preparations for the treatment of stress, skin inflammations, gastrointestinal disorders, asthma and genital tumors. Previous studies have investigated the chemical constituents and the biological activities of these species. Thus, the present review compiles literature data on ethnomedicine, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, clinical studies and the toxicity of genus Stachys. Methods: Comprehensive research of previously published literature was performed for studies on the traditional uses, bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties of the genus Stachys, using databases with different key search words. Results: This survey documented 60 Stachys species and 10 subspecies for their phytochemical profiles, including 254 chemical compounds and reported 19 species and 4 subspecies for their pharmacological properties. Furthermore, 25 species and 6 subspecies were found for their traditional uses. Conclusions: The present review highlights that Stachys spp. consist an important source of bioactive phytochemicals and exemplifies the uncharted territory of this genus for new research studies.

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Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Elegia Species: A Review

Scientia Pharmaceutica ◽

10.3390/scipharm90010004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 90 (1) ◽

pp. 4

Author(s):

Panagiotis Lymperis ◽

Ekaterina-Michaela Tomou ◽

Marco Nuno De Canha ◽

Namrita Lall ◽

Helen Skaltsa

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

Comprehensive Search ◽

Extensive Information ◽

The Subject ◽

Phytochemical Profile ◽

Ecological Dominance ◽

New Research

In South Africa, plants belonging to the Restionaceae family possess an ecological dominance. As a result, they have been the subject of numerous morphological, anatomical, and evolutionary studies. However, few studies have focused on their phytochemical profile and their potential pharmacological activities. The genus Elegia L. is the second largest of this family comprising 52 species, which are mainly used as materials for thatching. Limited studies on the chemical constituents of Elegia species and their importance as medicinal plants have been undertaken. This review provides constructive and extensive information about the botanical characterization, distribution, traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Elegia. A comprehensive search of previously published literature was performed for studies on this genus, using databases with different key search words. This survey documented 52 Elegia species summarizing their previous taxonomic classification. In addition, 14 species were found to be studied for their phytochemical profile, revealing 14 chemical compounds. Concerning their biological activities, only one species (E. tectorum (L.f.) Moline and H.P.Linder) is reported for its anti-wrinkle activity. Moreover, two species are locally used for thatching and as materials for brooms. The present review highlights the Elegia genus as an important source of bioactive phytochemicals with flavonol glycosides being the main metabolites and reveals the uncharted territory of this genus for new research studies.

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Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Garlic (Allium sativum L.): A Review

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12030872 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 872 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Gaber El-Saber Batiha ◽

Amany Magdy Beshbishy ◽

Lamiaa G. Wasef ◽

Yaser H. A. Elewa ◽

Ahmed A. Al-Sagan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allium Sativum ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Herbaceous Plant ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Active Constituent ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Traditional Remedy

Medicinal plants have been used from ancient times for human healthcare as in the form of traditional medicines, spices, and other food components. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an aromatic herbaceous plant that is consumed worldwide as food and traditional remedy for various diseases. It has been reported to possess several biological properties including anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, renoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antihypertensive activities in traditional medicines. A. sativum is rich in several sulfur-containing phytoconstituents such as alliin, allicin, ajoenes, vinyldithiins, and flavonoids such as quercetin. Extracts and isolated compounds of A. sativum have been evaluated for various biological activities including antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities among others. This review examines the phytochemical composition, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological activities of A. sativum extracts as well as its main active constituent, allicin.

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HING (Ferula foetida Regel): A potent Unani Herb with its descriptive parameters of pharmacognosy and pharmacology: A Review

Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics ◽

10.22270/jddt.v10i5.4372 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 362-367

Author(s):

Rasikh Javaid ◽

Ghazala Javed ◽

Raheela Javaid ◽

, Anju ◽

Farah Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Central Asia ◽

Present Review ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Unani Medicine ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Botanical Description ◽

Biological And Pharmacological Activities

Hing (Family- Umbelliferae) or asafoetida is the latex obtained from living rootstocks or taproots of several species of Ferula, e.g. F. alliacea Boiss, F. rubricaulis Boiss, F. assafoetida Linn and F. narthex Boiss found in central Asia. Asafoetida occurs in three forms, viz Tears, Mass and Paste. Hing has shown diverse biological and pharmacological activities. It has been used in Unani Medicine (Tibb-e-Unani) and other Traditional Systems of Medicine from time immemorial and it is described as diuretic, anti-diabetic, emmenagogue etc. The present review highlights the botanical description, traditional uses, pharmacognositcal features, pharmacological properties and pharmacological studies conducted on this Medicinal plant used in Unani system of medicine. Keywords: Hing; Ferula foetida; Unani Medicine; Traditional Uses; Pharmacological Properties

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Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W.Theob. (Menispermaceae): A Review on Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Activities

Medicines ◽

10.3390/medicines7110069 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (11) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Rajan Logesh ◽

Niranjan Das ◽

Anjana Adhikari-Devkota ◽

Hari Prasad Devkota

Keyword(s):

Skin Diseases ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Scientific Information ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Traditional Uses

Background:Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W.Theob. (Menispermaceae) is a perennial climber distributed mostly in tropical and subtropical areas. The main aim of this article is to collect and analyze the scientific information related to traditional uses, bioactive chemical constituents and pharmacological activities. Methods: Scientific information on C. hirsutus was retrieved from the online bibliographic databases (e.g. MEDLINE/PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Scopus). Information regarding traditional uses was also acquired from secondary resources including books and proceedings. Results: Different plant parts of C. hirsutus were reported to be used for the treatment of fever, skin diseases, stomach disorders and urinary diseases. Alkaloids such as jasminitine, hirsutine, cohirsitine and their derivatives along with a few flavonoids, triterpene derivatives and volatile compounds were reported from whole plant or different plant parts. Extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective activities among others. Conclusion: Although widely used in traditional medicines, only a few studies have been performed related to chemical constituents. Most of the biological activity evaluations were carried out using in vitro evaluation methods and only a few studies were carried out in animal models. In the future, properly designed in vivo and clinical studies are necessary to evaluate the pharmacological activities of C. hirsutus along with bioassay-guided studies to isolate and identify the active constituents.

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Pyrostegia Genus: An Update Review of Phytochemical Compounds and Pharmacological Activities

Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry ◽

10.33263/briac113.1066410678 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 10664-10678

Keyword(s):

Scientific Literature ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Sickness Behavior ◽

Scientific Work ◽

Phenylethanoid Glycosides ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

Phytochemical Compounds ◽

Genotoxicity Tests

The Pyrostegia genus of the Bignoniaceae family. This genus is consists of four species and indigenous to South America. The plants of this genus are being applied in traditional uses in Brazil. This review of the scientific work about Pyrostegia genus was highlighting and updating their traditional uses, phytochemical compounds, pharmacological activities, genotoxicity tests, and toxicity studies. The information was systematical with the scientific literature database, including Elsevier, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus, and Springer. The literature survey showed various traditional uses of Pyrostegia genus, such as drugs to therapy diarrhea, coughing, vitiligo, jaundice, and respiratory system-related diseases, i.e., colds, coughs, and bronchitis. Phytochemical compounds from the Pyrostegia genus have shown the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, phenylpropanoids, phenylethanoid glycosides, triterpenes, and sterols. The extract of Pyrostegia genus has a variety of pharmacology actions, i.e., antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, wound healing activities, antinociceptive, analgesic, vasorelaxant activities, antitumor, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, antitussive, anthelmintic, hyperpigmented, treatment of sickness behavior, estrogenic, antihypertensive, and immunomodulatory. Pyrostegia genus is considerably used in traditional medicines and has various pharmacological activities. However, most species of Pyrostegia genus must be further researched concerning its chemical constituents and pharmacological activities.

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Chemical Constituents and Bioactivities of Gorgonian Corals

Current Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1385272824999200608134516 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 1315-1330

Author(s):

Hui Lei ◽

Peng Jiang ◽

Dan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Structural Features ◽

Mechanisms Of Action ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Lead Compounds ◽

Medicinal Value ◽

Gorgonian Corals ◽

New Compounds

Gorgonian corals are considered as a rich source of secondary metabolites with unique structural features and biological activities. A large number of novel metabolites with potent pharmacological properties have been isolated from gorgonian corals. Some of these compounds have exhibited to possess new mechanisms of action, which hold great promises as potential lead compounds in future marine drug development. This review aims to provide an overview of chemical constituents and biological activities of gorgonian corals from 2015 to December, 2019. Some 145 metabolites, including 16 sesquiterpenoids, 62 diterpenoids, 62 steroids and 5 alkaloids were reported during this period and their pharmacological activities were investigated. Moreover, the peculiar structure and potential medicinal value of these new compounds are discussed in this review.

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A Brief Review on the Development of Novel Potentially Active Azetidin-2-ones Against Cancer

Current Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1385272824666200303115444 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 473-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ligia S. da Silveira Pinto ◽

Thatyana R. Alves Vasconcelos ◽

Claudia Regina B. Gomes ◽

Marcus Vinícius N. de Souza

Keyword(s):

Side Effects ◽

Anticancer Agents ◽

Heterocyclic Compounds ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Present Review ◽

Pharmacological Properties ◽

Important Group ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Azetidin-2-ones (β-lactams) and its derivatives are an important group of heterocyclic compounds that exhibit a wide range of pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, anticancer, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anticonvulsant. Efforts have been made over the years to develop novel congeners with superior biological activities and minimal potential for undesirable side effects. The present review aimed to highlight some recent discoveries (2013-2019) on the development of novel azetidin-2-one-based compounds as potential anticancer agents.

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Phytochemical, Pharmacological Activities and Ayurvedic Significances of Magical Plant Mimosa pudica Linn

Mini-Reviews in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570178617999200629155204 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Vijay Kumar

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Future Research ◽

Mimosa Pudica ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Anti Cancer

: Mimosa pudica Linn is an integrated part of Traditional Medicines Systems of India, China, Africa, Korea and America. It has been used from centuries in traditional medicines to cure different diseases like fever, diabetes, constipation, jaundice, ulcers, biliousness, and dyspepsia. It is an important ingredient of wide class of herbal formulations. To assess the scientific evidence for therapeutic potential of Mimosa pudica Linn and to identify the gaps for future research. The available information on the ethno-medicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of Mimosa pudica Linn was collected via a library and electronic searches in Sci-Finder, Pub-Med, Science Direct, Google Scholar for the period, 1990 to 2020. In traditional medicinal systems, variety of ethno-medicinal applications of Mimosa pudica Linn has been noticed. Phytochemical investigation has resulted in identification of 40 well known chemical constituents, among which alkaloids, phenols and flavionoids are the predominant groups. The crude extracts and isolates have exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, osteoporosis, neurological disorders, hypertension etc.. To quantify the Mimosa pudica Linn and its formulations, analytical techniques like HPLC and HPTLC has shown dominancy with good range of recovery and detection limit. Mimosa pudica Linn is the well-known herb since an ancient time. The pharmacological results supported some of the applications of Mimosa pudica Linn in traditional medicine systems. Perhaps, the predominance of alkaloids, phenols and flavionoids are responsible for the pharmacological activities the crude extracts and isolates of Mimosa pudica Linn. Further, there is need to isolate and evaluate the active chemical constituents of Mimosa pudica Linn having significant medicinal values. In future, it is important to study the exact mechanism associated with the phytochemicals of Mimosa pudica Linn especially on anti-cancer activities. Notably, toxicity studies on Mimosa pudica Linn are limited which are to be explored in future for the safe application of Mimosa pudica Linn and its formulations.

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A Review of Phytochemical and Pharmacological Studies of Inula Species

Current Bioactive Compounds ◽

10.2174/1573407215666190207093538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 557-567

Author(s):

Aparoop Das ◽

Anshul Shakya ◽

Surajit Kumar Ghosh ◽

Udaya P. Singh ◽

Hans R. Bhat

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infections ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Valuable Insight ◽

Important Ingredient ◽

Pharmacological Activities ◽

Medicinal Uses ◽

The Family ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Perennial Herbs ◽

Insight Into

Background: Plants of the genus Inula are perennial herbs of the family Asteraceae. This genus includes more than 100 species, widely distributed throughout Europe, Africa and Asia including India. Many of them are indicated in traditional medicine, e.g., in Ayurveda. This review explores chemical constituents, medicinal uses and pharmacological actions of Inula species. Methods: Major databases and research and review articles retrieved through Scopus, Web of Science, and Medline were consulted to obtain information on the pharmacological activities of the genus Inula published from 1994 to 2017. Results: Inula species are used either alone or as an important ingredient of various formulations to cure dysfunctions of the cardiovascular system, respiratory system, urinary system, central nervous system and digestive system, and for the treatment of asthma, diabetes, cancers, skin disorders, hepatic disease, fungal and bacterial infections. A range of phytochemicals including alkaloids, essential and volatile oils, flavonoids, terpenes, and lactones has been isolated from herbs of the genus Inula, which might possibly explain traditional uses of these plants. Conclusion: The present review is focused on chemical constituents, medicinal uses and pharmacological actions of Inula species and provides valuable insight into its medicinal potential.

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An overview on therapeutic potential of Iris Persica

Current Traditional Medicine ◽

10.2174/2215083806666200117111320 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 06 ◽

Author(s):

Faiq H. S. Hussain ◽

Hawraz Ibrahim M. Amin ◽

Dinesh kumar Patel ◽

Omji Porwal

Keyword(s):

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Underground Storage ◽

Kurdistan Region ◽

Traditional Medicines ◽

The Family ◽

Storage Organs ◽

Radical Generation ◽

Perennial Herbs

: The family Iridaceae contains 92 genera and more than 1800 species, mostly perennial herbs with underground storage organs called rhizomes (bulbs). Some genera are important in traditional medicines, especially Iris and Gladiolus. The genus Iris belongs to this family and comprises about hundreds species among them, 12 species are found in Iraq. It has been widely used various medicines worldwide especially Iris persica is used in folk medicine in the Kurdistan region of Iraq as an effective treatment against tumours, antibacterial, antifungal and treating inflammation. Earlier finding confirmed that Iris persica and its constituents play role in the scavenging of free radical generation and prevention of disease pathogenesis. Each part of the Iris persica herb has some medicinal property. This review gives a eagle eye view mainly on the biological activities of the Iris persica and some of their compounds isolated, pharmacological actions of the Iris persica extracts and products, and plausible medicinal and therapeutically applications.

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