Fabrication and Physicochemical Study of B2SA-Grafted Poly(vinyl Alcohol)–Graphene Hybrid Membranes for Dehydration of Bioethanol by Pervaporation

Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS)-crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution was prepared and treated with benzaldehyde 2 sulphonic sodium salt acid (B2SA) for sulfonation. Different contents of graphene were incorporated into B2SA-grafted PVA–TEOS hybrid membrane to improve the membrane stability, mechanical strength, and overall pervaporation performance of the membranes. Membranes were fabricated using the casting technique. Developed membranes were then analyzed for their physicochemical changes by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscope (SEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), contact angle analysis (CA), and mechanical strength. The lower d-spacing value observed in WAXD was evidence for the decreased inter-chain distance between the polymer chains. DSC exhibited the enhanced thermal stability of the developed membranes compared to the plane PVA membrane with enhancement in Tg value (106 °C), which was well above the pervaporation experimental temperature. Incorporation of graphene induced higher mechanical strength to the fabricated membranes. Further, the membranes were tested for the pervaporation separation of bioethanol. All the membranes were stable throughout the pervaporation studies, with M-2 G showing the total permeation flux of 11.66 × 10−2 kg/(m2 h) at 30 °C.

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Tailoring the in vitro characteristics of poly(vinyl alcohol)-nanohydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Journal of Polymer Engineering ◽

10.1515/polyeng-2015-0252 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (8) ◽

pp. 771-784 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tejinder Kaur ◽

Arunachalam Thirugnanam ◽

Krishna Pramanik

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Strength ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Contact Angle Measurement ◽

Angle Measurement ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Apatite Formation ◽

Composite Scaffolds ◽

Alizarin Red ◽

Casting Technique

Abstract Poly(vinyl alcohol) reinforced with nanohydroxyapatite (PVA-nHA) composite scaffolds were developed by varying the nHA (1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5%, w/v) composition in the PVA matrix by solvent casting technique. The developed composite scaffolds were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, and contact angle measurement. The stability of the composite scaffolds in physiological environment was evaluated by swelling and degradation studies. Further, these composite scaffolds were tested for in vitro bioactivity, hemolysis, biocompatibility, and mechanical strength. SEM micrographs showed a homogenous distribution of nHA (3%, w/v) in the PVA matrix. XRD and ATR-FTIR analysis confirmed no phase contamination and the existence of the chemical bond between PVA-nHA at approximately 2474 cm-1. PVA-nHA composite scaffolds with 3% (w/v) concentration of nHA showed nominal swelling and degradation behavior with good mechanical strength. The mechanical strength and degradation properties of the scaffold above 3% (w/v) of nHA was found to deteriorate, which is due to the agglomeration of nHA. The in vitro bioactivity and hemolysis studies showed improved apatite formation and hemocompatibility of the developed scaffolds. In vitro cell adhesion, proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and Alizarin red S staining confirmed the biocompatibility of the composite scaffolds.

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PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY (VINYL ALCOHOL)–POLY (VINYL PYRROLIDONE) MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL PATCHES FOR DELIVERY OF LIDOCAINE HCL

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2018v10i1.23208 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 115 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Napaphak Jaipakdee ◽

Thaned Pongjanyakul ◽

Ekapol Limpongsa

Keyword(s):

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

X Ray ◽

Casting Technique ◽

In Vitro Permeation ◽

Lidocaine Hcl ◽

Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone

Objective: The objectives of this study were to prepare and characterize a buccal mucoadhesive patch using poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) as a mucoadhesive matrix, Eudragit S100 as a backing layer, and lidocaine HCl as a model drug.Methods: Lidocaine HCl buccal patches were prepared using double casting technique. Molecular interactions in the polymer matrices were studied using attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffractometry. Mechanical and mucoadhesive properties were measured using texture analyzer. In vitro permeation of lidocaine HCl from the patch was conducted using Franz diffusion cell.Results: Both of the free and lidocaine HCl patches were smooth and transparent, with good flexibility and strength. ATR-FTIR, DSC and X-ray diffractometry studies confirmed the interaction of PVA and PVP. Mechanical properties of matrices containing 60% PVP were significantly lower than those containing 20% PVP (*P<0.05). Mucoadhesive properties had a tendency to decrease with the concentration of PVP in the patch. The patch containing 60% PVP had significantly lower muco-adhesiveness than those containing 20% PVP (*P<0.05). In vitro permeation revealed that the pattern of lidocaine HCl permeation started with an initial fast permeation, followed by a slower permeation rate. The initial permeation fluxes follow the zero-order model of which rate was not affected by the PVP concentrations in the PVA/PVP matrix.Conclusion: Mucoadhesive buccal patches fabricated with PVA/PVP were successfully prepared. Incorporation of PVP in PVA/PVP matrix affected the strength of polymeric matrix and mucoadhesive property of patches.

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The properties of sericin/poly(vinyl alcohol) films modified by boric acid

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly.2010.10.1.1567 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qun Wang ◽

Lu Qi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Stability ◽

Boric Acid ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Water Resistance ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Blend Ratio ◽

Percutaneous Drug Delivery ◽

Thermal Stability Of

AbstractA group of films mainly composed of sericin and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), using boric acid (BA) as a modifier, were prepared by a technique of solution casting. In this work, the effect of BA and sericin on the mechanical properties and water resistance of the films was analyzed, the interior morphology of the films were described by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the thermal stability of the films was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the reaction mechanism was proposed according to the previous literature and the test of Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR). Results indicated that, the properties of the membrane were the functions of the blend ratio of sercin to PVA and the content of BA. The use of BA increased the tensile strength, improved the water resistance and the thermal stability, and varied the interior morphology of the films. The content of sericin greatly influenced the combination of properties of the films, especially the mechanical properties, interior morphology, thermal stability, and water resistance reducing with the increasing of sericin content. The films have potential to be used in materials, such as skin-care coatings for beauty, percutaneous drug delivery systems for exterior intact skin, due to the characteristics of the components and the good mechanical properties of the films.

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The plasticizing effect of properties of manganous chloride and glycerin on poly(vinyl alcohol)

Polish Journal of Chemical Technology ◽

10.1515/pjct-2015-0025 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 29-33

Author(s):

Puyou Jia ◽

Meng Zhang ◽

Caiying Bo ◽

Lihong Hu ◽

Yonghong Zhou

Keyword(s):

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Elongation At Break ◽

X Ray ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Micro Morphology ◽

Lower Tensile Strength

Abstract Poly(vinyl alcohol) films were prepared with manganous chloride (MnCl2 · 4H2O) and glycerin as complex plasticizer. The micro morphology of pure PVA film and complex plasticizer plasticized PVA films was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The interaction between complex plasticizer and PVA molecules was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The influence of complex plasticizer on crystalline, thermal and mechanical properties of PVA films was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and tensile testing, respectively. The results showed that the complex plasticizer of MnCl2 · 4H2O/glycerin could interacted with PVA molecular and then effectively destroy the crystals of PVA. PVA films plasticized with complex plasticizer of MnCl2 · 4H2O/glycerin became soft and ductile, with lower tensile strength and higher elongation at break compared with PVA films. This is an important cause of plasticization of the complex plasticizer of MnCl2 · 4H2O/glycerin on PVA films.

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Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Graphene Nanocomposites

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.773.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 773 ◽

pp. 10-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jalupak Rattanakot ◽

Pranut Potiyaraj

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Poly Lactic Acid ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Graphene Nanocomposites

Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is an interesting material as an environmentally-friendly replacement of petroleum-based polymers. However, some properties need improvements in order to commercially utilized PLA. In this work, graphene is used as a reinforcing filler and poly(vinyl alcohol) is used as a carrier to enhance dispersion of graphene in PLA matrix. The addition of graphene aims at improving the mechanical and thermal properties of PLA. The functional groups of graphene were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical property testing was performed using a universal testing machine. The thermal properties were measured through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). As a result, the Young’s modulus and the thermal properties of PLA composites increased as the amount of graphene in the composites increased due to improved dispersion of graphene in PLA matrix.

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Thermooxidative degradation of injection-moulded sepiolite/polyamide 66 nanocomposites

Mineralogical Magazine ◽

10.1180/minmag.2014.078.5.09 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 1227-1239 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A. Yebra-Rodríguez ◽

C. Fernández-Barranco ◽

M. D. La Rubia ◽

A. Yebra ◽

A. B. Rodríguez-Navarro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Polymer Degradation ◽

Treatment Temperature ◽

Polymer Chains ◽

Accelerated Ageing ◽

Thermooxidative Degradation ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Polyamide 66 ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

X Ray ◽

Thermal Stability Of

AbstractClay/polymer nanocomposites (CPN) exhibit improved technical properties compared to their microand macro-counterparts. Nevertheless, thermal degradation of CPN may limit the applicability of these hybrid materials. In this paper accelerated ageing (110°C and 150°C) was performed in injection moulded pure polyamide 66 (PA66-S-0 samples) and polyamide 66 reinforced with 5 wt.% sepiolite (PA66-S-5 samples) CPN. Polymer degradation was monitored by the amount of newly formed carbonyl bonds. The carbonyl indices obtained indicate that degradation occurs to a greater extent as the temperature of the ageing process increases. Moreover, the degradation increases with time at the highest treatment temperature (150°C). On the other hand, the occurrence of carbonaceous silicates in the nanocomposite samples at high temperatures yields greater thermal stability of sepiolite/PA66 nanocomposites compared to pure PA66. Furthermore, the sepiolite nanofibres maintain their position in the reticulated semicrystalline structure. In agreement with those results, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analyses show that the motion of the amide groups in the polymer chains are constrained by the well dispersed sepiolite.

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Structural Properties and Catalytic Activity of Binary Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Al2O3 Nanocomposite Film for Synthesis of Thiazoles

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal10010100 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sayed M. Riyadh ◽

Khaled D. Khalil ◽

Ali H. Bashal

Keyword(s):

Structural Properties ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Catalytic Efficiency ◽

Catalytic Performance ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Thiazole Derivatives ◽

X Ray ◽

Casting Technique ◽

Solution Casting Technique

A solution casting technique was applied to prepare a binary poly (vinyl alcohol)/Al2O3 nanocomposite. The structural properties of nanocomposite were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectra, field emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray analyses, and X-ray diffraction. The hybrid PVA/Al2O3 film exhibited a conspicuous catalytic performance for synthesis of thiazole derivatives under mild reaction conditions. Moreover, the optimization of catalytic efficiency and reusability of this nanocomposite have been investigated.

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Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Nanocomposite Material Reinforced with Rice Straw Fibril and Fibril Aggregates

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.183-185.1883 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 183-185 ◽

pp. 1883-1887

Author(s):

Yan Wu ◽

Ding Guo Zhou ◽

Si Qun Wang ◽

Yang Zhang ◽

Yong Bao Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Diameter Distribution ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

The Fourier Transform ◽

Fibril Aggregates

Rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) pulp was treated by high intensity homogenizer to make fibril and fibril aggregates. The rice straw fibril and fibril aggregates (RSFs) material was used as reinforcement in a RSFs/ Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposite that prepared by film casting. The diameter distribution of RSFs was investigated by laser diameter instrument (LDI) and its crystallinity was evaluated by wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). The morphological of RSFs was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties were measured by tensile test and the dynamic mechanics analysis (DMA), thermal stability tests, i.e., differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) test were also performed, respectively.

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Novel Hydrogels of Chitosan and Poly (vinyl alcohol) Reinforced with Inorganic Particles of Bioactive Glass

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13050691 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 691

Author(s):

O. Sánchez-Aguinagalde ◽

Ainhoa Lejardi ◽

Emilio Meaurio ◽

Rebeca Hernández ◽

Carmen Mijangos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Drug Release ◽

Bioactive Glass ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

The Body ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Inorganic Particles ◽

Release Studies

Chitosan (CS) and poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogels, a polymeric system that shows a broad potential in biomedical applications, were developed. Despite the advantages they present, their mechanical properties are insufficient to support the loads that appear on the body. Thus, it was proposed to reinforce these gels with inorganic glass particles (BG) in order to improve mechanical properties and bioactivity and to see how this reinforcement affects levofloxacin drug release kinetics. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), swelling tests, rheology and drug release studies characterized the resulting hydrogels. The experimental results verified the bioactivity of these gels, showed an improvement of the mechanical properties and proved that the added bioactive glass does affect the release kinetics.

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Preparation and properties of poly (vinyl alcohol)/sodium caseinate blend films crosslinked with glutaraldehyde and glyoxal

Journal of Polymer Engineering ◽

10.1515/polyeng-2021-0131 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Bedriye Ucpinar Durmaz ◽

Ayse Aytac

Keyword(s):

Water Vapor ◽

Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Sodium Caseinate ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽

Infrared Analysis ◽

Crosslinking Reaction ◽

Water Contact ◽

Casting Technique ◽

Water Vapor Barrier

Abstract Bio-based films containing poly (vinyl alcohol)/casein have poor mechanical and water vapor barrier properties that limit their use in packaging application. Some properties such as water resistance and tensile strength can be increased by the cross-linking process. For this reason, poly(vinyl alcohol)/sodium caseinate (PVA/SC) blends were crosslinked by adding glutaraldehyde (GLA) and glyoxal (GL) at different ratios in this work. The films were prepared by solution casting technique. Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) confirmed the crosslinking reaction between the components. As a result of the crosslinking, the thicknesses, water vapor barrier properties and water contact angle values of the films have increased. The total soluble matters (TSM) of PVA/SC film decreased with increasing amounts of crosslinkers and GLA crosslinked films exhibited lower TSM. The addition of GLA and GL resulted in more strengthened films as verified by the tensile test. On the other hand, GLA crosslinked films were more flexible than un-crosslinked and GL crosslinked PVA/SC films. The hydrophilic PVA/SC film became more hydrophobic with the increasing amounts of crosslinkers. With the crosslinking, the PVA/SC film became more thermally stable. In conclusion, the crosslinked PVA/SC films were obtained with suitable properties for packaging applications.

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