scholarly journals Aluminum-to-Steel Cladding by Explosive Welding

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo H. S. F. L. Carvalho ◽  
Ivan Galvão ◽  
Ricardo Mendes ◽  
Rui M. Leal ◽  
Altino Loureiro
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Explosive Welding ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Explosive Mixture ◽  
Successful Testing ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

The production of aluminum-carbon steel and aluminum-stainless steel clads is challenging, and explosive welding is one of the most suitable processes to achieve them. The present work aims to investigate the coupled effect of two strategies for optimizing the production of these clads by explosive welding: the use of a low-density interlayer and the use of a low-density and low-detonation velocity explosive mixture. A broad range of techniques was used to characterize the microstructural and the mechanical properties of the welds, specifically, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, microhardness and tensile-shear testing with digital image correlation analysis. Although aluminum-carbon steel and aluminum-stainless steel have different weldabilities, clads with sound microstructure and good mechanical behavior were achieved for both combinations. These results were associated with the low values of collision point and impact velocities provided by the tested explosive mixture, which made the weldability difference between these combinations less significant. The successful testing of this explosive mixture indicates that it is suitable to be used for welding very thin flyers and/or dissimilar materials that easily form intermetallic phases.

scholarly journals Rapid fatigue life prediction for spot-welded joint of SUS301 L-DLT stainless steel and Q235B carbon steel based on energy dissipation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 168781401881101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaliang Liu ◽  
Yibo Sun ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Hongji Xu ◽  
Xinhua Yang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Fatigue Life Prediction ◽  
Spot Welded

Spot welding of dissimilar materials can utilize the respective advantage comprehensively, of which reliable prediction of fatigue life is the key issue in the structure design and service process. Taking into account almost all the complex factors that have effects on the fatigue behavior such as load level, thickness, welding nugget diameter, vibrational frequency, and material properties, this article proposed an energy dissipation-based method that is able to predict the fatigue life for spot-welded dissimilar materials rapidly. In order to obtain the temperature gradient, the temperature variations of four-group spot-welded joint of SUS301 L-DLT stainless steel and Q235 carbon steel during high-cycle fatigue tests were monitored by thermal infrared scanner. Specifically, temperature variation disciplines of specimen surface were divided into four stages: temperature increase, temperature decrease, continuous steady increase in temperature, and ultimate drop after the fracture. The material constant C that a spot-welded joint of dissimilar material needs to reach fracture is 0.05425°C·mm3. When the specimen was applied higher than the fatigue limit, the highest error between experimental values and predicted values is 18.90%, and others are lower than 10%. Therefore, a good agreement was achieved in fatigue life prediction between the new method and the validation test results.

Examination of the Orientation Relationships between the Main Phases of Duplex Stainless Steel by EBSD

2007 ◽  
Vol 537-538 ◽  
pp. 297-302
Author(s):  
Tibor Berecz ◽  
Péter János Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steels ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Orientation Relationships ◽  
Σ Phase ◽  
Electron Backscatter ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

Duplex stainless steels are a famous group of the stainless steels. Duplex stainless steels consist of mainly austenitic and ferritic phases, which is resulted by high content of different alloying elements and low content of carbon. These alloying elements can effect a number of precipitations at high temperatures. The most important phase of these precipitation is the σ-phase, what cause rigidity and reduced resistance aganist the corrosion. Several orientation relationships have been determined between the austenitic, ferritic and σ-phase in duplex stainless steels. In this paper we tried to verify them by EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction).

scholarly journals Revealing the Unexpected Two Variant Pairing Shifts Due to Temperature Change in a Single Bainitic Medium Carbon Steel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Ståhlkrantz ◽  
Peter Hedström ◽  
Niklas Sarius ◽  
Annika Borgenstam
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
Upper Bainite ◽  
The Common ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

AbstractThe microstructure of a low alloy medium carbon bainitic steel, austempered in the temperature range 275 °C to 450 °C has been investigated by detailed electron backscatter diffraction and variant pairing analysis. It is observed that the variant pairing tendency has two distinct changes with varying temperature. At low temperature V1-V6 is the most frequent, whereas V1-V2 is the most frequent at intermediate temperature and at the highest temperature, V1-V4 dominates. This is distinct from the literature on low carbon steel where only two dominant variants pairs, related to the common distinction of bainite into lower and upper bainite, are typically reported. The change of the variant pairing in bainite also has many similarities with the change of variant pairing in martensite when its carbon content changes. Another observation is that the morphological orientation of cementite in the bainite has a strong relation with the variant pairing at lower austempering temperatures.

scholarly journals Microstructural Evolutions and Mechanical Properties of Drawn Medium Carbon Steel Wire

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Chaouki Nebbar ◽  
Mosbah Zidani ◽  
Toufik Djimaoui ◽  
T. Abid ◽  
Hichem Farh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Steel Wire ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

This study focuses on the evolution in the microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of medium carbon steel wires obtained by wire drawing at Tréfissoud Company for the manufacturing of the spring mattress. Wire drawing induces elongation of grains in the direction of drawing with the development of the <110> fibre texture parallel to the wire axis. Kinking and bending of cementite lamellae were observed during the drawing process. The work was carried out respectively on three states, wire rod and drawn states for two different amounts (ε %=43,6 and 60 %), using the optical and SEM microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction and X-ray diffraction analysis for examination of the microstructure and texture evolution, the hardness Vickers and tensile test to follow the curing of the studied wires.

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