scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Tensile Property of Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn Alloy

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Qirui Wang ◽  
Xiaofei Lei ◽  
Ming Hu ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Rui Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Martensite Phase ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Orthorhombic Martensite ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Alloy Heat

The microstructure and tensile properties of Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn alloy heat-treated at different solution and aging temperatures has been systematically investigated. Specimens were solution-treated at 970 °C (above the β transus) and 920 °C (below the β transus), respectively, followed by water quenching. When the alloy is quenched from 970 °C, α’ (hcp) and α˝ (orthorhombic) martensite phases co-exist in the microstructure. When it is quenched from 920 °C, α´ martensite phase does not form, while equiaxial primary α (αp) phase and α˝ are found in the microstructure. The results also show that the strength of the alloy increases but the ductility deteriorates as the solution temperature becomes higher when the aging treatment is unchanged. This is because the volume fraction of equiaxial αp phase is lower but the volume fraction of the acicular secondary α (αs) phase is higher for higher solution temperature. When the alloy is aged at different temperatures after the solution treatment at 900 °C, the strength of the alloy decreases with the increase of aging temperature and the ductility shows the opposite trend as the size of the acicular αs becomes longer and its volume fraction is lower at higher aging temperature.

HREM of Rapidly Solidified Al-Li-Zr Based Alloys

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
V. Radmilovic ◽  
G. Thomas ◽  
R. Kilaas ◽  
N. J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Image Simulation ◽  
Large Volume Fraction ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

During aging of Al-Li-Zr based alloys δ'(Al3Li) precipitates heterogeneously around β'(Al3Zr), forming so-called composite precipitate[l-4], that has important effects on the mechanical behavior of these alloys. As has been observed in several investigations, the addition of small amount of Zr results in a fairly large volume fraction of β' in the microstructure, and this suggests that there may be a partitioning of Li in the β'. In the present investigation, high resolution electron microscopy (HREM) and image simulation have been used to perform detailed characterization of the chemistry and structure of β' precipitate.The alloy Al-3Li-1Cu-0.5Mg-0.5Zr (wt.%) has been heat treated as follows: a) solution treatment at 550°C for 2 hours and water quenching, b) aging treatment at 150°C for 4 hours or at 200°C for 8 hours and c) 10% cold working followed by aging at 175°C for 64 hours. HREM images were taken on a JEOL ARM electron microscope operating at 400 and 800kV. Simulated HREM images of the composite δ'/β' precipitate were calculated using CEMPAS multislice program described by Kilaas[5].

scholarly journals Effects of solution and aging treatment parameters on the microstructure evolution of Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 501-509
Author(s):  
Wan-Liang Zhang ◽  
Wen-Tao Hao ◽  
Wei Xiong ◽  
Guo-Zheng Quan ◽  
Jiang Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Aging Conditions

AbstractThe solution-aging treatment parameters, including solution temperature, cooling rate and aging temperature, have significant influences on the microstructures and comprehensive mechanical properties of titanium alloy. In this work, the detailed microevolution behaviors of Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al alloy under different solution and aging conditions have been investigated through a series of heat-treatment experiments. The results of solution-treatment experiments reveal that the content of αp-phase is reduced to zero as the solution temperature is raised to a certain α → β critical transformation point. Recrystallized β-grains can be observed at the solution temperature of 820°C. In addition, the cooling way (air cooling or water cooling) has little influence on the microevolution behaviors for this alloy during the solution-treatment process. As for the solution-aging-treatment experiments, the results reveal that αs-phases are precipitated from the supersaturated β-phase, and the fraction of αs-phase increases with increasing aging temperature. However, the precipitated α-grains intend to coalesce and coarsen as the aging temperature raises above 510°C. Therefore, the advocated solution-aging-treatment program is solution treatment at 820°C with air cooling followed by aging treatment at 510°C with air cooling.

Effects of Solid Solution Temperature on the Structure and Properties of TC16 Titanium Alloy Bars

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1588-1591
Author(s):  
Quan Ming Liu ◽  
Zhao Hui Zhang ◽  
Hai Ying Yang ◽  
Shi Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Martensite Phase ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Solid Solution Treatment ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Reduction Of Area

The effects of solid solution temperature on the structures and properties of TC16 titanium alloy bars that made solid solution treatment in 780°C, 800°C, 850°C, 900°C, respectively, the processing time for 30min, then cooled in the air were studied. The results show that during solid solution treatment under 800°C, the alloy structures are the primary ɑ phase and the metastable β phase, while solid solution temperature rise to 800°C, the alloy structures begin to appear ɑ" martensite phase. With the increase of solid solution temperature, the alloy grain grow up somewhat, material tensile strength increases gradually, yield strength firstly decreases and then increases, elongation at break firstly increases and then decreases, percentage reduction of area at break decreases gradually. Solid solution state of TC16 titanium alloy bars are not suitable for cold heading forming, strengthening the titanium alloy must be subsequent artificial aging treatment.

Investigation on Microstructures of Heat Treated Mg-Zr and Mg-Mn Alloys

2005 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 189-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Li ◽  
Gordon W. Lorimer ◽  
Joseph D. Robson ◽  
B. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Large Volume ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Large Volume Fraction ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Mn Content ◽  
Zr Alloys

The microstructure of three dilute Mg-Mn and two dilute Mg-Zr alloys which had been heat treated at different temperatures and times were studied using optical microscopy and various electron optical techniques, including FEGSEM and TEM. It was found that the Mg-Zr alloys homogenized at 500°C and annealed at 350°C contained a fine dispersion of Zr-containing particles at grain boundaries and within grains. In contrast, annealing Mg-Zr alloys at 300°C for up to 3 h led to little modification of the as-cast structures. When the Mn content was less than 0.9 weight percent, homogenization of the Mg-Mn alloys at 550 to 600°C resulted in the dissolution of small rod-like and needle-shape particles, which then grown up as fine particles when aged at 300°C. Mg- 0.6Mn and Mg-0.9Mn alloys annealed at 300 to 400°C without solution treatment contained a large volume fraction of nano-sized precipitates.

Microstructure and Property of a New Metastable β Titanium Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 747-748 ◽  
pp. 932-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Nan Wang ◽  
Yue Fei ◽  
Xiao Hu Zhou ◽  
Zhi Shou Zhu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Scanning Electron

The evolution regularities of microstructure and property of a new metastable β titanium alloy with different solution treatment and aging treatment were studied using optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and tensile test. The results show that, the volume fraction of primary α phase decreases and globularization of α phase occurs with the increasing aging temperature from 540 to 580 and solution treated temperature from 800 to 820. When the solution treated temperature is 820, the acicular secondary α phase precipitates along β grain boundary. The strength of the investigated alloy increases and the ductility decreases with the solution treated temperature increasing. While the strength of the investigated alloy increases and the ductility decreases with the aging temperature decreasing.

scholarly journals Low-carbon cast microalloyed steel intercritically heat-treated at different temperatures: microstructure and mechanical properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Torkamani ◽  
Shahram Raygan ◽  
Carlos Garcia Mateo ◽  
Yahya Palizdar ◽  
Jafar Rassizadehghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Block Size ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Total Elongation ◽  
Martensite Phase ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Increase ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this study, dual-phase (DP, ferrite + martensite) microstructures were obtained by performing intercritical heat treatments (IHT) at 750 and 800 °C followed by quenching. Decreasing the IHT temperature from 800 to 750 °C leads to: (i) a decrease in the volume fraction of austenite (martensite after quenching) from 0.68 to 0.36; (ii) ~ 100 °C decrease in martensite start temperature (Ms), mainly due to the higher carbon content of austenite and its smaller grains at 750 °C; (iii) a reduction in the block size of martensite from 1.9 to 1.2 μm as measured by EBSD. Having a higher carbon content and a finer block size, the localized microhardness of martensite islands increases from 380 HV (800 °C) to 504 HV (750 °C). Moreover, despite the different volume fractions of martensite obtained in DP microstructures, the hardness of the steels remained unchanged by changing the IHT temperature (~ 234 to 238 HV). Applying lower IHT temperature (lower fraction of martensite), the impact energy even decreased from 12 to 9 J due to the brittleness of the martensite phase. The results of the tensile tests indicate that by increasing the IHT temperature, the yield and ultimate tensile strengths of the DP steel increase from 493 to 770 MPa, and from 908 to 1080 MPa, respectively, while the total elongation decreases from 9.8 to 4.5%. In contrast to the normalized sample, formation of martensite in the DP steels could eliminate the yield point phenomenon in the tensile curves, as it generates free dislocations in adjacent ferrite.

scholarly journals The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the Novel Low-Cost Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe Alloy

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 3798
Author(s):  
Meng Sun ◽  
Dong Li ◽  
Yanhua Guo ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Yuecheng Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
The Cost

In order to reduce the cost of titanium alloys, a novel low-cost Ti-3Al-5Mo-4Cr-2Zr-1Fe (Ti-35421) titanium alloy was developed. The influence of heat treatment on the microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of the new alloy was investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of Ti-35421 alloy consists of a lamina primary α phase and a β phase after the solution treatment at the α + β region. After aging treatment, the secondary α phase precipitates in the β matrix. The precipitation of the secondary α phase is closely related to heat treatment parameters—the volume fraction and size of the secondary α phase increase when increasing the solution temperature or aging time. At the same solution temperature and aging time, the secondary α phase became coarser, and the fraction decreased with increasing aging temperature. When Ti-35421 alloy was solution-treated at the α + β region for 1 h with aging surpassing 8 h, the tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and reduction of the area were achieved in a range of 1172.7–1459.0 MPa, 1135.1–1355.5 MPa, 5.2–11.8%, and 7.5–32.5%, respectively. The novel low-cost Ti-35421 alloy maintains mechanical properties and reduces the cost of materials compared with Ti-3Al-5Mo-5V-4Cr-2Zr (Ti-B19) alloy.

The effect of solid solution treatment parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A286 superalloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Roya Shahedi ◽  
Shahram Kheirandish ◽  
Faraz Shirazi ◽  
Masumeh Seifollahi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Image Analyzer ◽  
Carbide Phases ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
The Times ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes

In this investigation, the effects of solution parameters on the microstructure and hardness of a Fe-Ni superalloy were studied. Samples were solutionized in temperature ranges of 900 °C to 1060 °C for the times of 0.5 h to 2.5 h, water quenched and aged at 720 °C for 16 h. for more structural examinations, some solutionized samples were aged at 800 °C and 860 °C for 8 h. The microstructure of the alloy was investigated using optical and scanning electron microscopes and the volume fraction of phases was measured by image analyzer software. The hardness of solutionized and aged specimens and tensile strength of aged samples at room temperature were also assessed. The results showed that hardness and ultimate tensile strength decrease with increasing solution temperature. It was found that increase in the solution temperature led to a decrease in volume fraction of η and carbide phases and an increase in the carbide sizes. It was also found that solution annealing time had no significant effect on the properties of the alloy.

Effect of Cooling Rates during a Double Stage Solution Treatment on the Massive Phase Formation in Ti-6Al-4V Alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 398-403
Author(s):  
Ghozali Suprobo ◽  
Faris Arief Mawardi ◽  
Nokeun Park ◽  
Eung Ryul Baek
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Cooling Rates ◽  
Massive Phase ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Fraction ◽  
Transus Temperature ◽  
Specific Temperature

The effect of cooling rates during a double stage solution treatment (DSST) on the volume fraction of the massive phase (αm) in Ti-6Al-4V alloy was successfully confirmed in the present study. The morphology of Ti-6Al-4V alloy depends on the cooling rates during the cooling from the β region. The αm, which has a transformation characteristic between martensite (α′) and α diffusion, is reported to be a potential method for obtaining a fine lamellar α/β by thermal decomposition. The different fraction of αm was found after DSST with the first stage was conducted above the β-transus temperature at 1050 °C, followed by second annealing at different temperatures in the α+β region. It was found that the formation of αm exists in a specific temperature region. A longer period in this region, which was calculated based on different cooling rates during DSST, will increase the fraction of αm in the specimen. All specimens after DSST contain αm with the α width of approximately 1μm and white-dot particles, which is predicted to be V-enriched precipitates. The DSST can be a potential method for producing a high fraction of αm, which can be thermally decomposed into a fine lamellar α/β, introducing a Ti-6Al-4V alloy with superior mechanical properties.

Microstructure and Aging Behavior in AM60 Magnesium Alloy Cast into Sand and Permanent Molds

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 679-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yamada ◽  
Mitsuaki Furui ◽  
Susumu Ikeno ◽  
Yukio Sanpei ◽  
Katsuya Sakakibara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Cellular Precipitation ◽  
Lower Aging Temperature ◽  
Peak Aging ◽  
Alloy Castings ◽  
Hardening Curve

AM60 magnesium alloy castings gave the solution treatment at 688K for 86.4ks. After that, aging treatment was carried out at three temperatures of 473, 498 and 523K. The age hardening curve obtained, hardness of all the specimens in the condition of peak aging was increased by decreasing the aging temperature. In the condition of long aging time, a cellular precipitation grows up from grain boundary to crystal grain. Fine cellular precipitation and intergranular precipitation obviously occurs at the lower aging temperature.

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