scholarly journals Research Regarding the Increase of Durability of Flexible Die Made from 50CrMo4 Used in the Typographic Industry

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 996
Author(s):  
Gabriela Valeria Neamțu Neamțu (Folea) ◽  
Cristina Mohora ◽  
Dorel Florea Anania ◽  
Dan Dobrotă
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Maximum Length ◽  
Laser Hardening ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Tightening Force ◽  
Hard Chrome ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Flexible Die

A large amount of packaging used mainly in the food industry is obtained by technologies that involve the use of machines such as those that cut with flexible die. The durability of the flexible die is a very important aspect and in this regard the purpose of the research was to identify technologies for its development. Thus, the research considered the analysis of the durability of the knives made of 50CrMo4 steel considering hard chrome-plating treatment, as well as laser hardening of the knives. For the analysis of the durability of the tools, two technological parameters were considered, namely the moment of the tightening force, which had values in the range of 50 Nm–110 Nm, and the die cutting speed, which was adjusted to values in the range of 50–60 m/min. For the analysis of the durability of the flexible die, the wear of the tools was taken into account, as well as the maximum length of the die cut material.

scholarly journals Effect of technological parameters of machining on energy efficiency in face milling of heat-treated oak wood

BioResources ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 6133-6146
Author(s):  
Peter Koleda ◽  
Štefan Barcík ◽  
Adriana Nociarová
Keyword(s):  
Asynchronous Motor ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Oak Wood ◽  
Significant Parameter ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Cutting Speeds

This paper examines the influence of technological parameters on electrical power in the plane milling of native and modified oak wood. Milling was performed under various cutting conditions, including cutting speeds of 20, 40, and 60 m s-1, feed rates of 6, 10, and 15 m min-1, and cutting edge angles of 15, 20, and 30° on five different samples of oak wood. The wood was native and heat-treated at temperatures of 160, 180, 210, and 240 °C. An analysis of variance and post-hoc Duncan test revealed the influence of the examined parameters on the energy consumption of milling, whereby the cutting speed was the most statistically significant parameter and was directly dependent on the speed of the asynchronous motor and the moment transmission to the miller spindle.

EELS characterization of “Smut” layer films on steel surface prepared for chrome plating by anodic etching

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
E Y. Wang ◽  
J. T. Cherian ◽  
A. Madsen ◽  
R. M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Steel Surface ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hard Chrome ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Many steel parts are electro-plated with chromium to protect them against corrosion and to improve their wear-resistance. Good adhesion of the chrome plate to the steel surface, which is essential for long term durability of the part, is extremely dependent on surface preparation prior to plating. Recently, McDonnell Douglas developed a new pre-treatment method for chrome plating in which the steel is anodically etched in a sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid solution. On carbon steel surfaces, this anodic pre-treatment produces a dark, loosely adhering material that is commonly called the “smut” layer. On stainless steels and nickel alloys, the surface is only darkened by the anodic pre-treatment and little residue is produced. Anodic pre-treatment prior to hard chrome plating results in much better adherence to both carbon and alloy steels.We have characterized the anodic pre-treated steel surface and the resulting “smut” layer using various techniques including electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on bulk samples and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) on stripped films.

KINEMATIC FEATURES OF THE LAPPING PROCESS AND DETERMINATION OF ITS BASIC PARAMETERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
EZIZ SARVAN SHIRVAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Equilibrium System ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Kinematic Characteristics ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
Mathematical Relationships ◽  
Analytical Expressions

This paper discusses the kinematic characteristics of lapping process and the main parameters of the process. It was determined that the influencing degree of technological parameters to the forming surface and processes. It was projected the construction of the lapping head for processing of internal cylindrical surfaces, scheme of the lapping operation and graphic description of the forces influencing. The relationships between the axial, radial and tangential cutting forces and the effect of the combined force thereof are determined in order to ensure the necessary surface pressure. During the analysis geometric and mathematical relationships were obtained. The extracted analytical expressions can be realized by further experimental researches and can be used in engineering calculations of technological parameters of processing by lapping. Angular velocity, friction force, linear velocity, also the length of the tactile curve and the radius of the part can be considered the main kinematic and dynamic parameters of the process that the formation of the surface, also the course of the process depends on these parameters. Depending on the kinematic parameters, the wear nature of the tool changes and this changes the linear and angular velocities, which have a significant impact on the accuracy, quality and productivity of processing. When examining the technological capabilities of the process, the nature of the movement between the part and the grinding tool, also changes in cutting speed are often considered as a main factor. Analytical expressions were obtained to determine the main parameters of the process, taking into account the kinematic characteristics of the friction process. These expressions can be used in engineering calculations and allow to determine the optimal values of the processing mode. In order to obtain the required micrometric surface cleanliness and measurement accuracy, correlation relationships were established between the main parameters of the process, equations of the equilibrium system of shear forces were compiled and analytical expressions were obtained based on the analysis of kinematic and dynamic properties of the system.

Possible examinations of stone machining focused on the relationship between technological parameters and surface quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zs. Kun ◽  
I. G. Gyurika
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Motion Path ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Manufacturing Time

Abstract The stone products with different sizes, geometries and materials — like machine tool's bench, measuring machine's board or sculptures, floor tiles — can be produced automatically while the manufacturing engineer uses objective function similar to metal cutting. This function can minimise the manufacturing time or the manufacturing cost, in other cases it can maximise of the tool's life. To use several functions, manufacturing engineers need an overall theoretical background knowledge, which can give useful information about the choosing of technological parameters (e.g. feed rate, depth of cut, or cutting speed), the choosing of applicable tools or especially the choosing of the optimum motion path. A similarly important customer's requirement is the appropriate surface roughness of the machined (cut, sawn or milled) stone product. This paper's first part is about a five-month-long literature review, which summarizes in short the studies (researches and results) considered the most important by the authors. These works are about the investigation of the surface roughness of stone products in stone machining. In the second part of this paper the authors try to determine research possibilities and trends, which can help to specify the relation between the surface roughness and technological parameters. Most of the suggestions of this paper are about stone milling, which is the least investigated machining method in the world.

scholarly journals CONSTRUCTION OF AN EFFECTIVE WAREHOUSE SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISE IN THE PROCESSING OF AGRICULTURAL CARGO

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (166) ◽  
pp. 217-226
Author(s):  
O. Pavlenko ◽  
D. Velykodnyi
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Third ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Moment

The article investigates the existing trends and prospects for the development of warehousing services in the system of production and processing of products, which allowed us to form the purpose of the research in this development. The chosen theme is quite topical, because warehousing processes are an integral part of the formation of supply logistics in modern production processes. One of the ways to reduce the cost of goods and services is the efficient use of resources. Ukrainian and foreign scientists have touched many questions concerning the development of the infrastructure component, solutions of optimization problems regarding the process of import-export of goods to the warehouse, but without determining the optimal values ​​of technological parameters of warehousing systems. The technological scheme of operation of the warehouse system of the enterprise LLC "MEGA CRISP» allows to see the whole chain of operations from the moment of arrival of the vehicle with cargo (containers and packaging) to the moment of sending the cargo (finished product) to the recipient; the necessary types of resources involved in these processes are also taken into account. Total costs were chosen as an evaluation indicator of the choice of an efficient supply channel. Relevant parameters of influence are taken into account: intensities of corresponding cargo flows, unit cost of the appropriate work and one hour of work of one worker, time of performance of an appropriate operation, quantity of the involved resources for performance of the appropriate operation and working time of the warehouse during the day. An imitation full-factor experiment was performed, based on the results of which a regression model in linear form with a non-zero coefficient was determined, in which each coefficient indicates the degree of influence of the relevant factor on the performance indicator. The results of determining the economic effect showed that "Variant 2" (increasing the number of workers) is the least expensive, and the level of costs is lower for all series of experiments compared to the basic variant - "Variant 1". The maximum difference is reached in 12217.8 hryvnias at the maximum loading of a warehouse. And when comparing the third and first variants: only at the maximum level of output flow (170 t / h), the third variant will be cheaper by 852.6 hryvnias. The highest level of positive value of the effect among the variants offered is "Variant 2", the level of savings will be 12,217.8 hryvnias per shift.

scholarly journals The influence of brushing on the surface quality of aluminium

2018 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 01015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Teicher ◽  
Richard Schulze ◽  
Alexander Brosius ◽  
Andreas Nestler
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Force Measurement ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Milling Operation ◽  
Metal Machining ◽  
Modelling Methods ◽  
Main Influence

The extension of technical capabilities of machine centres for complete machining of components can improve their performance. In the field of sheet metal machining, the objective beside the classic milling operation was a generation of functional surfaces by face brushing. The experimental studies have probed the influence of tools and technological parameters on the surface quality. In addition to an analysis of the relevant roughness parameters the formation of the surface topography was analysed by several measurement methods. By the application of force measurement, the results of the surface quality can be interpreted additionally. It could be shown that the feed rate in contrast to the cutting speed has the main influence on the surface roughness. A peculiarity is given by the parameter-based width of cut that should be known for reliable process control. The acquired data can be applied in the form of process characteristic fields for further processing with simulation and modelling methods.

752 Assessment of WC type thermal sprayed coating for the replace of hard chrome plating

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 (0) ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
Keisuke YOKOYAMA ◽  
Keiji SONOYA ◽  
Kazuyoshi ISHIDA ◽  
Masanobu NAKAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Chrome Plating ◽  
Hard Chrome ◽  
Sprayed Coating

Goodness Indicator and Technological Optimization of Honing

2013 ◽  
Vol 581 ◽  
pp. 261-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottó Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Material Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Complex Surface ◽  
Technology Planning ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Important Field ◽  
Abrasive Cutting

Optimisation of technological processes is an important field of research of machining processes. Honing process, its aim and results are affected more factors. Effectiveness is expressed by the following parameters: accuracy, surface roughness, complex surface quality (integrity),material removal rate, costs and productivity of the process. Developed method helps the technology planning and with the introduced new goodness indicator, investigates and corrects it. Optimization and minimization of costs can be ensured at given technological circumstances and technological parameters. With adjustment of the pressure (p) and the cutting speed (vc) economy of the process can be increased in the factory. Developed method can be applied for machining by other abrasive cutting tools. The paper summarizes new results of this theoretical and experimental research.

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