scholarly journals Microstructure Characteristics and Strengthening Behavior of Cu-Bearing Non-Oriented Silicon Steel: Conventional Process versus Strip Casting

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1815
Author(s):  
Feng Fang ◽  
Diwen Hou ◽  
Zhilei Wang ◽  
Shangfeng Che ◽  
Yuanxiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Silicon Steel ◽  
Strip Casting ◽  
Precipitation Strengthening ◽  
Conventional Process ◽  
Core Losses ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bcc Structure

Based on conventional hot rolling processes and strip casting processes, Cu precipitation strengthening is used to improve the strength of non-oriented silicon steel in order to meet the requirements of high-speed driving motors of electric vehicles. Microstructure evolution was studied, and the effects of Cu precipitates on magnetic and mechanical properties are discussed. Compared with conventional processes, non-oriented silicon steel prepared by strip casting exhibited advantages with regard to microstructure optimization with coarse grain and {100} texture. Two-stage rolling processes were more beneficial for uniform microstructure, coarse grains and improved texture. The high magnetic induction B50 of 1.762 T and low core losses with P1.5/50, P1.0/400 and P1.0/1000 of 1.93, 11.63 and 44.87 W/kg, respectively, were obtained in 0.20 mm sheets in strip casting. Cu precipitates significantly improved yield strength over ~120 MPa without deteriorating magnetic properties both in conventional process and strip casting. In the peak stage aged at 550 °C for 120 min, Cu precipitates retained bcc structure and were coherent with the matrix, and the yield strength of the 0.20 mm sheet was as high as 501 MPa in strip casting. The main mechanism of precipitation strengthening was attributed to coherency strengthening and modulus strengthening. The results indicated that balanced magnetic and mechanical properties can be achieved in thin-gauge non-oriented silicon steel with Cu addition in strip casting.

scholarly journals Enhanced electrical conductivity and mechanical properties in thermally stable fine-grained copper wire

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingzhong Mao ◽  
Yusheng Zhang ◽  
Yazhou Guo ◽  
Yonghao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Dislocation Slip ◽  
Ultrafine Grains ◽  
The Wire

AbstractThe rapid development of high-speed rail requires copper contact wire that simultaneously possesses excellent electrical conductivity, thermal stability and mechanical properties. Unfortunately, these are generally mutually exclusive properties. Here, we demonstrate directional optimization of microstructure and overcome the strength-conductivity tradeoff in copper wire. We use rotary swaging to prepare copper wire with a fiber texture and long ultrafine grains aligned along the wire axis. The wire exhibits a high electrical conductivity of 97% of the international annealed copper standard (IACS), a yield strength of over 450 MPa, high impact and wear resistances, and thermal stability of up to 573 K for 1 h. Subsequent annealing enhances the conductivity to 103 % of IACS while maintaining a yield strength above 380 MPa. The long grains provide a channel for free electrons, while the low-angle grain boundaries between ultrafine grains block dislocation slip and crack propagation, and lower the ability for boundary migration.

scholarly journals Microstructure and mechanical properties of HR6W alloy dedicated for manufacturing of pressure elements in supercritical and ultrasupercritical power units

2019 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 01005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Golański ◽  
Agata Merda ◽  
Adam Zieliński ◽  
Paweł Urbańczyk ◽  
Jacek Słania ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Laves Phase ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Isothermal Ageing ◽  
Nickel Base

The article presents the results of research on the microstructure and selected mechanical properties of HR6W nickel-base alloy. The test alloy was subjected to isothermal ageing at 700°C and for up to 10000h. The tests of the HR6W microstructure were performed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The performed microstructural tests of the HR6W alloy showed that in the as-received condition it was characterised by the structure of nickel austenite with numerous primary precipitates of NbC and TiN. Ageing of the investigated alloy contributed to the precipitation of numerous particles of varying morphologies inside the grains and at the grain boundaries, as well as at the boundaries of twins - they were the secondary precipitates of M23C6 and Laves phase. The number of the particles precipitated at the boundaries was so large that they formed the so-called continuous grid of precipitates. Inside the grains, the presence of compound complexes of precipitates was observed. These complexes consisted of the TiN particles, as well as the M23C6 carbides and Laves phase nucleating on them. The tests of the mechanical properties of HR6W alloy showed that in the as-received condition the alloy showed high plastic properties, with relatively low strength properties - in particular, the yield strength. Ageing of the HR6W alloy, as a result of precipitation of numerous particles in the matrix, through the strengthening with the precipitation mechanism, resulted in a considerable growth of the strength properties - inter alia the yield strength by over 60%, with the reduction of the plastic properties - elongation decreased by around 40%. Similar growth in the test alloy was observed for hardness.

scholarly journals Influence of Martensite Deformation on Cu Precipitation Strengthening

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 282
Author(s):  
Jaromir Dlouhy ◽  
Pavel Podany ◽  
Ján Džugan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Precipitation Strengthening ◽  
Tempering Temperature ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

Cu precipitation strengthening was compared in steels after treatments with and without cold rolling. A 0.2% C steel containing up to 1.5% Cu was quenched and tempered. Cu precipitation took place during tempering and increased its yield strength (YS). Quenched and tempered samples were compared with samples where cold rolling was performed between quenching and tempering. They exhibited significantly different mechanical properties. In addition, Cu alloying influenced the properties of each group of samples in different ways. The quenched and tempered samples exhibited behavior that is typical of precipitation hardening. Cu caused yield strength to increase with tempering temperature and time. The cold rolling of martensite reduced the maximal Cu-related strengthening and also eliminated its time and temperature dependence.

Effect of niobium and austenitizing temperature on the microstructures and properties of spray-deposited AISI M3:2 high speed steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Hebin Wang ◽  
Da Hong ◽  
Longgang Hou ◽  
Li Shen ◽  
Ping Ou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Precipitation Strengthening ◽  
Austenitizing Temperature ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Red Hardness

The microstructure and properties of niobium-containing AISI M3:2 high speed steels (HSSs) fabricated by spray forming and traditional casting have been investigated. The results show that fine and uniformly-distributed grains without macrosegregation appeared in the as-deposited HSSs that differ from those of as-cast HSSs. Nb mostly appears in primary MC carbides, whereas it contributes less to the formation of M6C carbides. The high stabilization of Nb-rich MC carbides can pin the grain boundaries during high-temperature austenitizing process, thus conferring a fine grains and raising the content of dissolved alloying elements. Enhanced precipitation strengthening and fine dispersion of NbC carbides throughout the matrix contribute to the high hardness and red hardness of Nb-containing HSS.

Analysis of the Effects of Dynamic Alloying on the Structure of Aluminium and its Alloys

2021 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Yulia Usherenko ◽  
Viktor Mironov ◽  
Sergey Usherenko
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Structure Change ◽  
Cosmic Dust ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
High Speed Stream ◽  
Sic Particles ◽  
The Matrix

The dynamic alloying of aluminum and its alloy with a high-speed stream of silicon carbide (SiC) particles simulates the effect of a stream of cosmic dust on spacecraft materials. The study showed a structure change in the volume of aluminum and its alloy and the formation of new structural elements. The transformation of the structure during dynamic alloying leads to a change of the composition and mechanical properties of the matrix material.

The Effect of Large Reduction on the Microstructure and Properties for As-Hot Rolled Dual-Phase Nb-Bearing Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 1101-1105
Author(s):  
Hong Mei Zhang ◽  
Li Feng Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Dual Phase Steel ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Large Reduction ◽  
Microstructure Refinement ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Hot Rolled

The effect of reduction on the microstructure refinement and mechanical properties of the as-hot rolled dual-phase Nb-bearing steel were studied at laboratory. It is found that the dual-phase steel displays clearly classic dual phase morphology which is ferrite and martensite or bainsite, and the fine island or lath martinsite is dispersed on the matrix of ferrite by the observation of microstructure. The grain can be refined, and the increased precipitated second particles are fined and dispersed with the increasing of reduction. The mechanical properties determination result shows that the mechanical properties have greatly improved by large reduction. The tensile strength obtained in the laboratory is up to 680MPa, the ratio of yield strength and tensile strength is low, and the elongation is better.

Effects of Repeated Plastic Working (RPW) Process on the Structure and Properties of Mg2Si/Mg-Zn-Er Composite

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 1222-1226
Author(s):  
Shu Bo Li ◽  
Ya Ling Qin ◽  
Han Li ◽  
Wen Bo Du
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Plastic Working ◽  
Magnesium Matrix ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Silicon Particles

The Mg matrix composite (Mg2Si/Mg-5Zn-2.5Er) was prepared using repeated plastic working (RPW) technique. and the effects of the number of RPW cycles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of these composites were investigated. The results indicated that the added silicon particles fully reacted with the magnesium matrix, and theMg2Si/Mg-5Zn-2.5Er composites were successfully achieved. When the number of RPW cycle increased, the size of the Mg2Si particles decreased, and the grain size of the matrix alloy reached the minimum when 200 RPW cycles was used. The best mechanical properties were also identified as 394 MPa ultimate strength, and 363 MPa yield strength, when 200 RPW cycles were used.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Spray Deposited W9Mo3Cr4V High Speed Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 714-718
Author(s):  
Rui Zhou ◽  
Jian Fei Sun ◽  
Ying Jun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Solidification Shrinkage ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact

Microstructure and mechanical properties of W9Mo3Cr4V high speed steel fabricated by spray deposition have been studied. Spray deposited W9Mo3Cr4V high speed steel has a typical equiaxed structure which is finer and more homogeneous with a grain size of 20-30 micrometer compared with conventional casted counterparts. There are pores in the matrix of the deposited steel, which involve gas porosity, filling porosity and solidification shrinkage. As-deposited high speed steel is mainly composed of martensite, austenite and carbides which comprise MC carbide and M6C carbide. Mechanical properties show that the hardness and bending strength of the as-deposited steel are higher than that of the conventionally casted ones. However, impact toughness of the high speed steel is lower than that of the conventionally casted steel, which can be attributed to the existence of porosities and M6C carbides which reduce the impact toughness of high speed steels.

Modeling the Microstructural and Yield Strength Evolution of an Age-Hardenable Al Alloy for High Temperature Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 380-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Colombo ◽  
Elisabetta Gariboldi ◽  
Paola Bassani ◽  
Mihaela Albu ◽  
Ferdinand Hofer
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Physically Based ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Physically Based Models

The mechanical properties of Al alloys are strongly affected by their microstructure: the size and shape of precipitates, their homogeneous distribution and their coherency with the matrix are of primary importance for an effective strengthening of the alloys at room and elevated temperatures. Physically-based models are powerful tools to predict the influence of the mentioned parameters on the mechanical properties of the alloy after age hardening, and also to predict the effect of high temperature service conditions on microstructure evolution. Scope of this work is to model the dimensional kinetic evolution of plate shaped precipitates of an Al-based alloy during aging and after different overaging times at elevated temperature, and use these results to estimate the alloy yield strength. The alloy strengthening response is due to three terms, linearly summed: the intrinsic strength of Aluminum, the contribution from solute in solid solution and the contribution arising from precipitates. The consistency of the model is verified with experimental data obtained from a 2014 Al alloy.

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