scholarly journals A Simple Route of Printing Explosive Crystalized Micro-Patterns by Using Direct Ink Writing

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Albertus Brilian ◽  
Veasna Soum ◽  
Sooyong Park ◽  
Soojin Lee ◽  
Jungwook Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Simple Route ◽  
Materials Engineering ◽  
Direct Ink Writing ◽  
One Step ◽  
Energetic Composites ◽  
Uv Ozone ◽  
Acetate Butyrate ◽  
Micro Patterns

The production of energetic crystalized micro-patterns by using one-step printing has become a recent trend in energetic materials engineering. We report a direct ink writing (DIW) approach in which micro-scale energetic composites composed of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) crystals in selected ink formulations of a cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) matrix are produced based on a direct phase transformation from organic, solvent-based, all-liquid ink. Using the formulated RDX ink and the DIW method, we printed crystalized RDX micro-patterns of various sizes and shapes on silicon wafers. The crystalized RDX micro-patterns contained single crystals on pristine Si wafers while the micro-patterns containing dendrite crystals were produced on UV-ozone (UVO)-treated Si wafers. The printing method and the formulated all-liquid ink make up a simple route for designing and printing energetic micro-patterns for micro-electromechanical systems.

A simple route towards the synthesis of 1,4,5-trisubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles from primary amines and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds under metal-free conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (25) ◽  
pp. 6148-6152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningxin Guo ◽  
Xiufen Liu ◽  
Hongyan Xu ◽  
Xi Zhou ◽  
Huaiqing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Primary Amines ◽  
Dicarbonyl Compounds ◽  
Simple Route ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
One Step

A metal-free protocol for the synthesis of fully substituted 1,2,3-triazoles in a one-step reaction from easily available primary amines, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and tosyl azide was developed under air.

scholarly journals Rheological Considerations for Binder Development in Direct Ink Writing of Energetic Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Woods ◽  
Andrew Boddorff ◽  
Elena Ewaldz ◽  
Zachary Adams ◽  
Mitchell Ketcham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Direct Ink Writing

The Preparation and Properties of AP-Based Nano-Limit Growth Energetic Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 924 ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Ping Li ◽  
Lian Hua Shen ◽  
Bao Ming Zheng ◽  
Min Xia ◽  
Yun Jun Luo
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Nanoscale Particles ◽  
Solution Crystallization ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Physical Mixtures

AP-based nanolimit growth energetic materials (NLGEM) were prepared by using SiO2 gel as nanolimit growth skeleton materials and using sol-gel method combining solution crystallization to make AP recrystallized in the nanopores of SiO2 gel skeleton to form AP/SiO2 NLGEM. The chemical and physical structure and properties of AP/SiO2 NLGEM were studied in detail. AP with nanoscale particles size range from 69nm to108nm was recrystallized in the pore of SiO2 gel skeleton and the particle size of AP increased with the amount of AP in NLGEM increasing. Moreover, the preparation method didnt change the crystal form of AP and bring impurities to NLGEM. The decomposition of AP/SiO2 NLGEM was a one-step process, which was indicated its decomposition was more concentrate than pure AP and AP/SiO2 simple physical mixture (AP/SiO2 SPM), whose decomposition was a two-step process. At the time, the decomposition heat of AP/SiO2 NLGEM was higher than that of pure AP and AP/SiO2 SPM. The sensitivity of AP/SiO2 NLGEM was lower than those of the pure energetic components and physical mixtures according to the impact sensitivity test.

scholarly journals Enhanced Crystal Stabilities of ε-CL-20 via Core-Shell Structured Energetic Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honglei Zhang ◽  
Qingjie Jiao ◽  
Wanjun Zhao ◽  
Xueyong Guo ◽  
Dayong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Polymer Bonded Explosives ◽  
Friction Sensitivity ◽  
Energetic Composites

2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) is a widely used high-energy explosive for the application of energetic materials. However, the phase transformation from ε-CL-20 to γ-CL-20 restrains its further application in polymer bonded explosives (PBXs) and propellants. To inhibit the phase transition of CL-20, dopamine was first used in an efficient and facile method of in situ polymerization to passivate CL-20 crystals. The core-shell microcapsule particles were obtained, and the morphological characterization demonstrates the formation of a dense core-shell structure. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) test results show that the compact and dense coating delays the ε-CL-20 crystal transformation temperature by about 30 °C, which enhances thermal stability. In addition, with the coating via polymers, the friction sensitivity of ε-CL-20 crystals decreases significantly. The findings indicate a successful application of dopamine chemistry in high-energy explosives, which provides an attractive method to modify the properties of CL-20 crystals.

scholarly journals Energetic alliance of tetrazole-1-oxides and 1,2,5-oxadiazoles

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 1619-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Fischer ◽  
Thomas M. Klapötke ◽  
Marius Reymann ◽  
Jörg Stierstorfer ◽  
Maurus B. R. Völkl
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
High Nitrogen

The connection of highly endothermic heterocycles with high nitrogen as well as oxygen content is a recent trend in the development of new energetic materials in order to increase densities and stabilities.

One-step preparation of graphene nanosheets via deflagration of obsoleted energetic materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 131-133
Author(s):  
Wencheng Feng ◽  
Haiying Chen ◽  
Wenfang Zheng ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Xiangyang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Graphene Nanosheets ◽  
One Step

scholarly journals Study on Indium (III) Oxide/Aluminum Thermite Energetic Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
Pierre Gibot ◽  
Estelle Puel
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Combustion Velocity ◽  
Heat Of Reaction ◽  
Confined Geometries ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Aluminum Nanopowder ◽  
Heats Of Reaction ◽  
Energetic Composites ◽  
First Time ◽  
Combustion Speed

Thermites or composite energetic materials are mixtures made of fuel and oxidizer particles at micron-scale. Thermite reactions are characterized by high adiabatic flame temperatures (>1000 °C) and high heats of reaction (>kJ/cm3), sometimes combined with gas generation. These properties strongly depend on the chemical nature of the couple of components implemented. The present work focuses on the use of indium (III) oxide nanoparticles as oxidizer in the elaboration of nanothermites. Mixed with an aluminum nanopowder, heat of reaction of the resulting Al/In2O3 energetic nanocomposite was calculated and its reactive performance (sensitivity thresholds regarding different stimuli (impact, friction, and electrostatic discharge) and combustion velocity examined. The Al/In2O3 nanothermite, whose heat of reaction was determined of about 11.75 kJ/cm3, was defined as insensitive and moderately sensitive to impact and friction stimuli and extreme sensitive to spark with values >100 N, 324 N, and 0.31 mJ, respectively. The spark sensitivity was decreased by increasing In2O3 oxidizer (27.71 mJ). The combustion speed in confined geometries experiments was established near 500 m/s. The nature of the oxidizer implemented herein within a thermite formulation is reported for the first time.

scholarly journals Super-Efficient Synthesis of Mesh-like Superhydrophobic Nano-Aluminum/Iron (III) Oxide Energetic Films

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Guo ◽  
Taotao Liang
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Aluminum Iron ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
One Step

In this study, a novel superhydrophobic nano-aluminum/iron (III) oxide composite has been prepared by a facile one-step process of electrophoretic deposition, with wide potential applications. The optimal suspension included ethanol, acetyl-acetone, and the additives of fluorotriphenylsilane and perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane. The microstructure, wettability, and exothermic performance were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microcopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), water contact angle measurements, and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. The water contact angle and the heat-release of the target composites could reach to ~170° and 2.67 kJ/g, and could still keep stable, after exposure for six months, showing a great stability. These results provided an exquisite synthesis of ideas, for designing other superhydrophobic energetic materials with self-cleaning properties, for real industrial application.

scholarly journals Prediction of Effective Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Particulate Composites

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ravi Annapragada ◽  
Dawei Sun ◽  
Suresh V. Garimella
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Heterogeneous Material ◽  
Particulate Composites ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Finite Volume Approach ◽  
Energetic Composites ◽  
Good Agreement

A micromechanics model is developed to predict the effective thermo-mechanical properties of energetic materials, which are composite materials made from agglomeration of particles of a range of sizes. A random packing algorithm is implemented to construct a representative volume element for the heterogeneous material based on the experimentally determined particle diameter distribution. The effective mechanical properties of the material are then evaluated through finite element modeling, while its thermal properties are determined through a finite volume approach. The model is first carefully validated against results from the literature and is then used to estimate the thermo-mechanical properties of particular energetic materials. Good agreement is found between experimental results and predictions. The stress-bridging phenomenon in the particulate materials is captured by the model. Thermodynamic averaging is shown to be a poor representation for the estimation of thermal properties of these heterogeneous materials. Also, the general elastic-plastic assumption is found not to be applicable for describing the mechanical behavior of energetic composites.

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