scholarly journals Larvicidal Compounds Extracted from Helicteres velutina K. Schum (Sterculiaceae) Evaluated against Aedes aegypti L.

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diégina A. Fernandes ◽  
Renata P. C. Barros ◽  
Yanna C. F. Teles ◽  
Louise H. G. Oliveira ◽  
Jéssica B. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Screening Protocol ◽  
Sterol Carrier Protein 2

Helicteres velutina K. Schum (Sterculiaceae), a member of Malvaceae sensu lato, is a Brazilian endemic plant that has been used by the indigenous tribe Pankarare as an insect repellent. A previous study has reported the isolation of terpenoids, flavonoids and pheophytins, in addition to the larvicidal activity of crude H. velutina extracts derived from the aerial components (leaves, branches/twigs, and flowers). The present study reports the biomonitoring of the effects of fractions and isolated compounds derived from H. velutina against A. aegypti fourth instar larvae. A crude ethanol extract was submitted to liquid–liquid extraction with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain their respective fractions. Larvicidal evaluations of the fractions were performed, and the hexane and dichloromethane fractions exhibited greater activities than the other fractions, with LC50 (50% lethal concentration) values of 3.88 and 5.80 mg/mL, respectively. The phytochemical study of these fractions resulted in the isolation and identification of 17 compounds. The molecules were subjected to a virtual screening protocol, and five molecules presented potential larvicidal activity after analyses of their applicability domains. When molecular docking was analysed, only three of these compounds showed an ability to bind with sterol carrier protein-2 (1PZ4), a protein found in the larval intestine. The compounds tiliroside and 7,4′-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate flavone showed in vitro larvicidal activity, with LC50 values of 0.275 mg/mL after 72 h and 0.182 mg/mL after 24 h of exposure, respectively. This is the first study to demonstrate the larvicidal activity of sulphated flavonoids against A. aegypti. Our results showed that the presence of the OSO3H group attached to C-8 of the flavonoid was crucial to the larvicidal activity. This research supports the traditional use of H. velutina as an alternative insecticide for the control of A. aegypti, which is a vector for severe arboviruses, such as dengue and chikungunya.

Evaluation of Snake Venom’s PhospholipaseA2 Enzyme Inhibition Activity of Cyphostemma adenocoule

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-202
Author(s):  
Atul Kaushik ◽  
Teamrat S. Tesfai ◽  
Daniel K. Barkh ◽  
Furtuna K. Ghebremeskel ◽  
Habtom G. Zerihun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibition ◽  
Snake Venom ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Snake Bites ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Background: A snake bite is fundamentally an injury often resulting in puncture wounds meted out by the animal's fangs and occasionally resulting in envenomation. Rate of snake bites around 5,400,000 bites per year leads to over 2,500,000 envenomings and around 125,000 fatal cases annually. Snake venom enzymes are rich in metalloproteinases, phospholipaseA2, proteinases, acetylcholinesterases and hyaluronidases. Objective: Cyphostemma adenocoule is traditionally being used for the treatment of snake bites in Eritrea. The present research was aimed at evaluating the snake venom enzyme inhibition activity of C. adenocoule against puff adder venom and developing a base for the traditional use of the plant against snakebites in Eritrea. Methods: The anti-venom activity of C. adenocoule was assessed in-vitro through phospholipaseA2 enzyme inhibition assay using egg yolk as a cell. The ethanol and chloroform extracts of C. adenocoule showed in vitro anti phospholipase A2 activity, whereas the water extracts of the plant showed no activity. Results: Among the extracts of C. adenocoule, the highest percentage of inhibition was obtained from chloroform extract (95.55% at 100mg/ml). The extract showed prominent activity at different concentrations (34.7% at10mg/ml, 48.8% at 20mg/ml, 54.8% at 40mg/ml, 60.9% at 60mg/ml, 80.5% at 80mg /ml). The ethanol extract also showed certain activity at various concentrations (25.22% at10mg/ml, 14.78% at 20mg/ml, 2.6% at40mg/ml). The activity of the chloroform extracts increases as concentration increases, whereas the activity of the ethanol extracts decreases as concentration increases. The aqueous extract of C. adenocoule did not show any activity at all concentrations. Conclusion: In this study, the chloroform and ethanol extracts of the plant inhibited the enzyme of interest and thus proved the efficacy of anti-snake venom activity of the plant.

scholarly journals Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of Aedes aegypti larvicidal and biting deterrent compounds from Veratrum lobelianum

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurhayat Tabanca ◽  
Zulfiqar Ali ◽  
Ulrich R. Bernier ◽  
Nancy Epsky ◽  
Ayse Nalbantsoy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Linoleate ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Human Carcinoma ◽  
Ethyl Palmitate ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Nmr Techniques

AbstractAn ethanol extract fromVeratrum lobelianumBernh. rhizomes showed larvicidal activity with LC50values of 11.79 ppm and 89.9 ppm against 1stand 4thinstar larvae, respectively, at 24 h post-treatment. The extract also showed proportion not biting (PNB) value of 0.76 at 100 μg/cm2against females ofAe.aegypti. Systematic bioassay-guided fractionation ofV.lobelianumextract resulted in the isolation of five compounds that were identified as ethyl palmitate (1), ethyl linoleate (2), β-sitosterol (3), resveratrol (4) and oxyresveratrol (5) by GC-MS,1H-NMR, and13C-NMR techniques, comparison with literature data, and confirmation with authentic compounds. Compound2exhibited larvicidal activity with an LC50value of 24.1 (22.0-26.2) ppm whereas1was inactive. β-Sitosterol (3) displayed the highest larvicidal activity with LC50= 1.7 (1.3-12.3) ppm and LC90= 5.1 (3.4-13.8) ppm. Compounds4and5had larvicidal activity with LC50values of 18.5 (15.3-23.3) and 22.6 (19.0-26.8) ppm, respectively, and had an equivalent PNB values of 0.75 at 25 nmol/cm2. In addition,4and5were explored for their human-based repellency againstAe.aegypti, attractiveness against male medfliesCeratitis capitata, and also evaluated against series of human carcinoma cells (A549, HEK293, HeLa, SH-SY5Y); however, no significant activity was found.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization and Antioxidant, Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activities of Constituents from the Flowers of Cercis glabra ‘Spring-1’

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-260
Author(s):  
Penghua Shu ◽  
Yamin Li ◽  
Yuehui Luo ◽  
Shujing Cai ◽  
Yingying Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Mushroom Tyrosinase ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Inhibitory Activities ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

A phytochemical study on the flowers of Cercis glabra ‘Spring-1’ led to the isolation and identification of twelve compounds, including one new compound named as 1-O-α-l-rhamnosyl-(E)-phytol (1) and eleven known compounds. Their structures were elucidated based on physical data analysis, including HR-ESI-MS, NMR, UV, IR, and acid hydrolysis. All compounds were screened for in vitro antioxidant activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method. Compounds 4 and 5 exhibited obvious DPPH radical scavenging activities. All the isolates were tested for their inhibitory effects on mushroom tyrosinase, and compounds 6, 7, 10 and 11 showed moderate tyrosinase inhibitory activities.

scholarly journals In vitro Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activity and GC-MS Analysis of Enicostemma axillare (Lam). Raynal

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saravanan P. ◽  
Babu A ◽  
Sheik Noor Mohamed M ◽  
Jaikumar K. ◽  
Anand D
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Ms Analysis

Traditional healers possess a rich knowledge on the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases. Enicostemma axillare (Lam). Raynal is one plant, used by healer to treat gastric cancer or ulceration. We assessed the phytochemical components of leaf extract for its antibacterial activity, to add value and provide an evidence-base for their traditional use. The antibacterial potential of the leaf extract was tested against Helicobacter pylori using agar well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethanol extract exhibited the (MIC) against H. pylori ranged from 200?g/ml - 250?g/ml followed by chloroform extract. Gas chromatography and mass spectrum (GC-MS) analysis confirms the occurrence of different components in the ethanol and chloroform leaf extract of the studied species.

scholarly journals Etude phytochimique et activité antioxydante comparatives des trois variétés de Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 2352-2361
Author(s):  
Hèzouwè Kagnou ◽  
Oudjaniyobi Simalou ◽  
Gneiny Whad Tchani ◽  
Sabrina Sanvee ◽  
Kokou Agbékonyi Agbodan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Hybrid Variety

Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, est une plante médicinale largement utilisée en tradithérapie contre le diabète, l’hypertension, le cancer et les effets du stress oxydatif. Elle existe en trois variétés ("rosea", "alba" et "hybride") selon la couleur des fleurs. L’étude actuelle porte sur le criblage phytochimique et l’activité antioxydante in vitro (DPPH et FRAP) de l’extrait hydro-éthanolique des trois variétés. Les tests ont été effectués sur les extraits des feuilles, fleurs et racines. On a noté la présence des alcaloïdes, phénols, flavonoïdes, tanins, saponines, stérols, terpènes et quinines. Cependant, l’absence des sucres réducteurs, des flavonoïdes et des saponines dans les racines ainsi que les quinines dans les feuilles a été relevée. L'analyse comparative par piégeage du radical DPPH a montré que les extraits des fleurs et racines de l’hybride étaient plus actifs, respectivement de 130,023±3,2 et 131,189±1,8 mg EqQ/g. Une tendance différente a été observée dans les extraits des feuilles où la meilleure valeur DPPH de 65,746±2,5 mg EqQ/g est attribuée à "rosea" alors que celle du FRAP de 139,935±2,57 mg EqAA/g provient de "alba". Ces résultats devraient encourager la poursuite des travaux sur l'identification et la caractérisation de nouveaux composés bioactifs sélectivement abondant pour une meilleure valorisation de Catharanthus roseus sur le plan de phytomédicaments.Mots clés : Catharanthus roseus, variétés, criblage phytochimique, antioxydant. English Title: Phytochemical study and comparative antioxidant activity of the three varieties of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. DonCatharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don, is a medicinal plant widely used in the treatment of diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and effects of oxidative stress. C. roseus exists in three varieties ("rosea", "alba" and "hybrid") depending on the colour of the flowers. This study focused on phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant activity (DPPH and FRAP) of the hydro-ethanol extract of the three varieties. The tests were carried out on leaves, flowers, and roots extracts. The presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, sterols, terpenes, and quinines were noted. However, the absence of reducing sugars, flavonoids, and saponins in the roots and quinines in the leaves was observed. Comparative analysis of DPPH radical scavenging showed that extracts from the flowers and roots of the hybrid were more active, respectively at 130.023±3.2 and 131.189±1.8 mg EqQ/g. FRAP values of the same samples were 175.166± 9.28 and 121.311±7.8 mg EqAA/g dry matter. For the leaves, the best DPPH value of 65.746±2.5 mg EqQ/g was attributed to "rosea" while the FRAP value of 139.935±2.57 mg EqAA/g was for "alba". These interesting antioxidant activities of the "hybrid" variety may be useful against oxidative stress pathologies. The current study might then promote the continuing identification and characterization of new bioactive compounds for a development of Catharanthus roseus.Keywords: Catharanthus roseus, varieties, phytochemical screening, antioxidant.  

scholarly journals Phytochemical Study of Aqueous Extract of Ochna schweinfurthiana F. Hoffm Powder Bark and Evaluation of Their Anti-Inflammatory, Cytotoxic, and Genotoxic Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve V. Djova ◽  
Maximilienne A. Nyegue ◽  
Angelique N. Messi ◽  
Alian D. Afagnigni ◽  
François-X. Etoa
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Salmonella Typhimurium ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Ochna schweinfurthiana has been used in traditional medicine to treat pain, inflammation, and arthritis. It is a rich source of complex dimers of flavonoids with potential use as templates for the development of therapeutic drugs. Hence, the aim of this study was to study the phytochemical content and evaluate the in vitro cytotoxic, genotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous extract of Ochna schweinfurthiana bark (OSE). Phytochemical study was carried out according to LC-MS procedures, while isolation was carried out using thin layer and column chromatographies. Cytotoxicity was investigated by the mitochondrial viability [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) method while genotoxicity potential of the extract was ascertained using the Salmonella typhimurium test strains TA98 and TA100. The anti-inflammatory effect of OSE was evaluated by the in vitro inhibition of 15-lipooxygenase enzyme and bovine serum albumin denaturation (BSA) assays. The investigation of compounds extracted from OSE led to the identification and isolation of six known compounds, namely, hemerocallone (9), 6,7-dimethoxy-3’-4’-dimethoxyisoflavone (10), lithospermoside (13), amentoflavone (14), agathisflavone (15), and β-D-fructofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (17). In the anti-inflammatory assay, aqueous extracts of the bark showed selective inhibition of 15-lipooxygenase with IC50 value of 32.2±0.36  μg/mL and the result of the bovine serum albumin denaturation assay with IC50 value of 130± 5.78 μg/mL showed moderate activity. The toxicity assay indicated that OSE are noncytotoxic on Vero cell line with LC50 value of 50 mg/mL and nongenotoxic toward Salmonella typhimurium tester strain TA98 and TA100. Result from this study supports the traditional use of the selected medicinal plants in Cameroon for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. Noncytotoxicity and nongenotoxicity of OSE suggest that this plant is safe for use.

scholarly journals ETHANOL EXTRACT AND ACTIVE FRACTION EFFECT OF Moringa Oleifera. Lam IN INHIBITING COX-2 ACTIVITY ON MCF-7 CELL

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Azizah D ◽  
Masfria K ◽  
Poppy AZH.
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Mcf 7 ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Lam

The expression of COX-2 is involved in carcinogenesis through the proliferative process, angiogenesis and inhibition of apoptosis. Moringa oleifera has been shown to function as an anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and anticancer. Moringa leaf extraction was done by percolation method, and continued to liquid-liquid extraction to obtain nonpolar, semipolar, and polar fractions using n-hexane and ethylacetate solvent.The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ethanol extract and the fraction of n-Hexane of  Moringa oleifera  leaf in decreased MCF-7 breast cancer cell and COX-2 expression. This study used true experimentation in vitro design using MCF-7 cells. MTT Assay was performed using a therapeutic dose 6,125-1000 μg / ml to determine IC50 in MCF-7 cells. IC50 of ethanol extract was  obtained  94.44 μg / ml and  97.60 μg / ml for n-Hexane fraction. Selectivity index of both samples was 3.95 μg / ml and 2.87 μg / ml. The expression of COX-2 was tested qualitatively with immunocytochemical methods and showed that ethanol extract and n-hexane fraction of Moringa oleifera leaf were able to suppress COX-2 enzyme expression on MCF-7 cells depending on concentration. Keywords: Moringa leaf, cancer cells MCF-7, Apoptosis and COX-2

In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Hibiscus Schizopetalus (Dyer) Hook. f.

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-488
Author(s):  
M. R. Anusha ◽  
Veluswamy Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
Manokaran Kalaiselvi ◽  
Akbar Ali Amrin ◽  
Ramasamy Amsaveni
Keyword(s):  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Medicinal plants act as an important source of drug with potential therapeutic effects. The present study focuses on the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Hibiscus schizopetalus (Dyer) Hook. f. (leaves and flowers) extracts. The cold water and hot water extract was prepared for plant sample without drying and whereas cold water, hot water, methanol, ethanol extract was prepared for the plant sample after drying. The present study on extract of H. schizopetalus demonstrated in vitro anti-inflammatory properties as evidenced by inhibition of albumin denaturation, membrane stabilization test and proteinase inhibitory action. This justifies that the traditional use of this plant in treatment of pains and inflammation.

In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of isolated compounds of ethanol extract from Sanchezia speciosa Leonard’s leaves

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung Bui Thanh ◽  
Loi Vu Duc ◽  
Hai Nguyen Thanh ◽  
Vung Nguyen Tien
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

AbstractBackground:has been used in traditional medicine for gastritis treatment in Vietnam. Some phytochemical study showed thatMethods:The leaf ofResults:We have isolated four compounds quercetin 3-Conclusions:These compounds

scholarly journals Chemical Profile and Screening of Bioactive Metabolites of Rindera graeca (A. DC.) Bois. & Heldr. (Boraginaceae) In Vitro Cultures

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 834
Author(s):  
Konstantia Graikou ◽  
Harilaos Damianakos ◽  
Christos Ganos ◽  
Katarzyna Sykłowska-Baranek ◽  
Małgorzata Jeziorek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Lung Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Strong Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Study

Rindera graeca is a rare endemic plant where in vitro culture has been used in order to investigate bioactive metabolites. Phytochemical study of the in vitro shoots and hairy roots led to the isolation of seven phenolic derivatives and the unusual furano-naphthoquinone rinderol. R. graeca was also analyzed for its pyrrolizidine alkaloids content by LC-MS, and it was found to contain echinatine together with echinatine and rinderine N-oxides. Rinderol, isolated only from in vitro hairy root culture for the first time in the genus, revealed promising bioactivities. It was evaluated in vitro against a panel of microorganisms, showing very strong activity specifically against Gram-positive bacteria (MIC values 0.98 × 10−2–1.18 µg/mL) as well as very interesting antiproliferative effect against the human non-small-cell bronchopulmonary carcinoma cell line NSCLC-N6-L16 and the epidermoid lung cancer cell line A549. These findings were compared with the chemical profile of the plant from nature, while this study is the first to report on the effects of R. graeca extracts obtained from in vitro culture, providing a valuable contribution to the scientific community towards this sustainable method of production of potential bioactive molecules.

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