Antimutagenic, Cytoprotective and Antioxidant Properties of Ficus deltoidea Aqueous Extract In Vitro

Ficus deltoidea var. deltoidea is used as traditional medicine for diabetes, inflammation, and nociception. However, the antimutagenic potential and cytoprotective effects of this plant remain unknown. In this study, the mutagenic and antimutagenic activities of F. deltoidea aqueous extract (FDD) on both Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and TA 100 strains were assessed using Salmonella mutagenicity assay (Ames test). Then, the cytoprotective potential of FDD on menadione-induced oxidative stress was determined in a V79 mouse lung fibroblast cell line. The ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay was conducted to evaluate FDD antioxidant capacity. Results showed that FDD (up to 50 mg/mL) did not exhibit a mutagenic effect on either TA 98 or TA 100 strains. Notably, FDD decreased the revertant colony count induced by 2-aminoanthracene in both strains in the presence of metabolic activation (p < 0.05). Additionally, pretreatment of FDD (50 and 100 µg/mL) demonstrated remarkable protection against menadione-induced oxidative stress in V79 cells significantly by decreasing superoxide anion level (p < 0.05). FDD at all concentrations tested (12.5–100 µg/mL) exhibited antioxidant power, suggesting the cytoprotective effect of FDD could be partly attributed to its antioxidant properties. This report highlights that F. deltoidea may provide a chemopreventive effect on mutagenic and oxidative stress inducers.

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Antioxidant Properties and Digestive Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of the Aqueous Extract from Leafy Stems of Cissus polyantha

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/7384532 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Mahamad Abba Talba ◽

David Miaffo ◽

Sylviane Laure Poualeu Kamani ◽

Albert Kamanyi ◽

Sylvie Léa Wansi

Keyword(s):

Traditional Medicine ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Antiradical Activity ◽

Digestive Enzyme ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antioxidant Potential ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Treatment Of Diabetes

Cissus polyantha (Vitaceae) is a plant used in Cameroonian traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes. The aims of this study were to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of the aqueous extract of Cissus polyantha leafy stems. The enzyme inhibitory activity was determined in vitro on α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, followed by confirmative study in vivo on normal rats (oral starch and sucrose tolerance tests at doses of 111, 222, and 444 mg/kg). The ferric reducing antioxidant power and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antiradical activity of the extract were examined to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the extract. The total content of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins of the extract were also determined. The results showed an inhibitory effect of the extract on the α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities with IC50 values of 216.14 and 182.40 μg/mL, respectively. The extract at doses of 222 and 444 mg/kg induced a significant decrease in postprandial glycaemia during the starch and sucrose tolerance tests. A remarkable antiradical activity of the extract was obtained although lower than that of the standard product. The aqueous extract of leafy stems of Cissus polyantha has an interesting inhibitory activity on the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, as well as an antioxidant potential, thus validating its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.

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In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extracts of Caesalpinia volkensii Harms., Vernonia lasiopus O. Hoffm., and Acacia hockii De Wild

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/3586268 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Beatrice Muthoni Guchu ◽

Alex King’ori Machocho ◽

Stephen Kiruthi Mwihia ◽

Mathew Piero Ngugi

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Chain Reactions ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Oxidative stress is the result of the disparity between pro-oxidants and antioxidants in an organism, and it is important in the pathogenesis of several degenerative disorders, such as arthritis, Alzheimer’s, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Free radicals can damage biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and carbohydrates, and the DNA leading to mutations. The use of antioxidants is effective in delaying the oxidation of biomolecules. Antioxidants are complexes found in the food that can retard or deter oxidation by preventing the initiation and propagation of oxidizing chain reactions. Medicinal plants have been used for centuries by man to manage diseases and have a host of antioxidant complexes. Traditionally, Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii have folkloric remedies against associated oxidative stress-mediated complications. However, the upsurge in its use has not been accompanied by scientific validations to support these claims. In this study, in vitro antioxidant activity of Caesalpinia volkensii, Vernonia lasiopus, and Acacia hockii collected from Embu County (Kenya) were determined by radical scavenging activities of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical in addition to ferric reducing antioxidant power analyzed against that of L-ascorbic acid as the standard. The obtained results revealed remarkable antioxidant activities of the studied plant extracts as evidenced by the low IC50 and EC50 values. These antioxidant activities could be due to the presence of antioxidants phytochemicals such as flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, and saponins among others. Therefore, the therapeutic potential of this plant could be due to their antioxidant properties. This study recommends bioassay of the extracts against oxidative stress-related disorders for development of phytomedicine with antioxidant properties.

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In Vitro Antioxidant Properties, Glucose-Diffusion Effects, α-Amylase Inhibitory Activity, and Antidiabetogenic Effects of C. Europaea Extracts in Experimental Animals

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10111747 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1747

Author(s):

Hayat Ouassou ◽

Mohamed Bouhrim ◽

Noureddine Bencheikh ◽

Mohamed Addi ◽

Christophe Hano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Glucose Diffusion ◽

Diffusion Effects

Caralluma europaea (Guss.) N.E.Br. (C. europaea), is a medicinal plant used traditionally to treat diabetes mellitus (DM) in Morocco. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant properties, glucose diffusion effects, α-amylase inhibitory activity, and pancreatic protective effects of C. europaea in experimental alloxan-induced diabetes in mice. Total phenolic contents were determined by Folin–Ciocalteu colorimetric method, total flavonoid contents were measured by aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, and tannins contents were determined by employing the vanillin method. C. europaea ethyl acetate fraction exhibited high antioxidant potential in terms of radical scavenging (DPPH) (IC50 = 0.22 ± 0.01 mg/mL), β-carotene bleaching activity (IC50 = 1.153 ± 0.07 mg/mL), and Ferric-reducing antioxidant power. Glucose diffusion was significantly inhibited by the ethyl acetate fraction at 60,120and 180 min, while the aqueous extract did not have this inhibitory effect when compared with the control group. Potent α-amylase inhibitory activity was observed in the ethyl acetate fraction and the aqueous extract in vitro and in vivo using STZ-diabetic rats. On the other hand, the administration of the ethyl acetate fraction (60 mg/kg) significantly attenuated alloxan-induced death and hyperglycemia in treated mice. Furthermore, histopathological investigations revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction protected islets of Langerhans against alloxan-induced tissue alterations. These results suggest that C. europaea exhibited an important antihyperglycemic effect via the inhibition of glucose diffusion and pancreatic α-amylase activity. In addition, the antidiabetogenic effect of C. europaea might be attributed to their polyphenol and flavonoid compounds, which could be reacted alone, or in synergy, to scavenge the free radicals produced by the alloxan.

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Antioxidant phytochemicals and modulation of oxidative stress from infusions and ultrasound-assisted extractions of Coffea leaves

REVISTA CHAPINGO SERIE CIENCIAS FORESTALES Y DEL AMBIENTE ◽

10.5154/r.rchscfa.2021.05.026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 119-137

Author(s):

Mayra C. Rosales-Villarreal ◽

◽

Nuria E. Rocha-Guzmán ◽

José A. Gallegos-Infante ◽

Martha R. Moreno-Jiménez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Colon Adenocarcinoma ◽

Human Colon ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Solvent Ratio ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Phytochemical Composition ◽

Ht 29

Introduction: Beyond the commercial value of coffee grains there is recent interest for the non-timber benefit and traditional medicinal properties of the Coffea tree leaves.Objective: To determine the phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties and inhibition of oxidative stress by extracts from Coffea leaves obtained by ultrasound assistance as an opportunity for production of plant bioactives. Material and methods: The phytochemical composition of ten extracts of Coffea arabica L. leaves cv. Catimor 5000 was evaluated in their phenolic and methylxanthines contents as well their antioxidant activity in vitro through nitric oxide (NO), absorbance capacity of oxygen radicals (ORAC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and radical ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis [3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid]) assays, and their effect on inhibition of oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide in human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HT-29). Extracts were obtained by ultrasound assistance under different conditions (wave amplitude, solvent ratio, and extraction time). Results and discussion: The higher phenolics and caffeine contents, as well the greater oxidative stress inhibition response in the HT-29 model, ORAC and NO assays were obtained at 60/40 water/methanol, 40 % amplitude and 6 min of extraction time. In this work, identification of two flavanones have been reported for the first time in Coffea leaves: neohesperidin and naringenin. Regarding phenolic acids, it was detected and identified a group of hydroxybenzoic acids not previously reported in coffee leaves, such as vanillic, shikimic, syringic, and ellagic acids, along with 2,4,6 trihydroxybenzaldehyde and 2,3 dihydroxybenzoic acid.Conclusion: The novel phytochemical composition of bioactive extracts from Coffee leaves by ultrasound assistance is significant, representing a potential source of food nutraceuticals.

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1,5-Benzodiazepin-2(3H)-ones: In Vitro Evaluation as Antiparkinsonian Agents

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10101584 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1584

Author(s):

Ana Ortíz de Zárate ◽

Marta Pérez-Torralba ◽

Iñigo Bonet Isidro ◽

Concepción López ◽

Rosa M. Claramunt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cell Line ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Neuronal Cell ◽

In Vitro Models ◽

Glutathione Synthetase ◽

Human Neuroblastoma ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Low Cytotoxicity

A new series of twenty-three 1,5-benzodiazepin-2(3H)-ones were synthesized and evaluated in the 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays as a new chemotype with antioxidant and good drug-like properties. All of the derivatives showed low cytotoxicity in comparison to curcumin against the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y and the human hepatoma HepG2 cell lines. Experimental solubility in bio-relevant media showed a good relationship with melting points in this series. Five compounds with the best antioxidant properties showed neuroprotectant activity against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in the SH-SY5Y cell line. From them, derivatives 4-phenyl-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2(3H)-one (18) and 4-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-2(3H)-one (20) yielded good neuroprotection activity in the same neuronal cell line under 6-OHD and MPP+ insults as in vitro models of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Both compounds also demonstrated a significant reduction of intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and superoxide levels, in parallel with a good improvement of the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential (ΔΨm). Compared with curcumin, compound 18 better reduced lipid peroxidation levels, malondialdehyde (MDA), in SH-SY5Y cells under oxidative stress pressure and recovered intracellular glutathione synthetase (GSH) levels. Apoptosis and caspase-3 levels of SH-SY5Y under H2O2 pressure were also reduced after treatment with 18. Neuroprotection in neuron-like differentiated SH-SY5Y cells was also achieved with 18. In summary, this family of 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ones with an interesting antioxidant and drug-like profile, with low cytotoxic and good neuroprotectant activity, constitutes a new promising chemical class with high potential for the development of new therapeutic agents against PD.

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Antioxidant properties of antiepileptic drugs levetiracetam and clonazepam in mice brain after in vitro-induced oxidative stress

African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ◽

10.5897/ajpp2015.4358 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (14) ◽

pp. 278-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

de Albuquerque Oliveira Aline ◽

Isabel Linhares Maria ◽

Jos eacute Maia Chaves Filho Adriano ◽

Ricardo Vasconcelos Rios Emiliano ◽

Nayane de Carvalho Lima Camila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Antiepileptic Drugs ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Mice Brain

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Strong antihemolytic and antioxidant properties of aqueous extract from Algerian Hammada elegans (Bge.) Botsch (Chenopodiaceae)

Current Enzyme Inhibition ◽

10.2174/1573408017666210419115739 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Brahim Asseli ◽

Reguia Mahfoudi ◽

Amar Djeridane ◽

Mohamed Yousfi

Keyword(s):

Free Radical ◽

Aqueous Extract ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Condensed Tannin ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Vitro Assay

Background: Research on medicinal plant antioxidants has emerged as a potential therapeutic to prevent free radical generated damage in the human body. Hammada elegans Botsch (popularly known as “Ajram”) is a xerophytic plant widely found in Laghouat region, but there are only a few reports about the biological or chemical properties of these species. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate the antioxidant and the antihemolytic activities of hexanic, acetonic, methanolic and aqueous extracts of aerial parts of Algerian Hammada elegans Botsch by employing different in vitro assay systems. Methods: The total phenolic content, the flavonoid content and the condensed tannin amount were analyzed using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride and vanillin assays, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of extracts was assessed by CUPRAC, iron chelating, ABTS•+and antihemolytic assays, and was expressed as EC50 values. Results: Among the analyzed extracts, the aqueous extract had the highest phenolic, flavonoid and tannin contents. Also, this extract displayed the highest antioxidant capacities compared to the other extracts and standards. Its EC50 value for ABTS radical-scavenging activity was 0.265 ± 0.003 mg/L. Moreover, this extract showed high iron (II) chelating ability (EC50 = 0.958 ± 0.001 mg/L), and good antioxidant activity in the cupric ion reducing activity (CUPRAC) in a concentration dependent manner (EC50 were 0.709 ± 0.002 mg/L). Additionally, this extract had the best antihemolytic activity against AAPH-induced hemolysis (EC50=0.090 ± 0.004 mg/L). Conclusion: Our study revealed that the aqueous extract of Hammada elegans Botsch, is a potential source of antioxidants which possess a high protective effect of membrane against free radical.

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IN VITRO TOTAL PHENOLICS, FLAVONOIDS CONTENTS, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITES OF VARIOUS SOLVENT EXTRACTS FROM THE MEDICINAL PLANT PHYSALIS MINIMA LINN

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i3.16635 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 192 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Venkanna Banothu ◽

Uma Adepally ◽

Jayalakshmi Lingam

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Aluminium Chloride ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antioxidant Power

Objective: To estimate the in vitro total phenolics, flavonoids contents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of various solvent extracts from the medicinal plant Physalis minima Linn.Methods: The crude bioactive were extracted from the dried powder of Physalis minima using methanol, ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane solvents. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods respectively. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to determine the in vitro antioxidant capacity. The antimicrobial assay was done through agar well diffusion; minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined using broth microdilution methods against the Gram-negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus).Results: TPC expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAE) ranged from 60.27±1.73-151.25±2.50 mg GAE/g dry weight, and TFC expressed as quercetin equivalents (QE) ranged from 56.66±0.80-158.84±2.30 mg QE/g dry weight. Methanol extract showed the highest antioxidant activity followed by ethyl acetate, chloroform, hexane extract and the IC50 values of methanol extract for scavenging DPPH and ABTS free radicals were 280.23±5.75-173.40±0.38µg/ml, respectively. All the extracts have shown potent antimicrobial activity for the zone of inhibition ranged from 9-35 mm; MICs and MBCs values ranged from 0.125-4.0 and 0.25-8.0 mg/ml, respectively towards tested pathogenic species.Conclusion: The comprehensive analysis of the present results demonstrated that Physalis minima possess high potential antioxidant properties which could be used as a viable source of natural antioxidants in treating infections caused by above-mentioned pathogens.

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Aminoguanidine Protects Boar Spermatozoa against the Deleterious Effects of Oxidative Stress

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics10040212 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 212 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Eliana Pintus ◽

Martin Kadlec ◽

Marija Jovičić ◽

Markéta Sedmíková ◽

José Ros-Santaella

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Therapeutic Agent ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

In Vitro Effects ◽

Oxide Synthase ◽

Boar Spermatozoa ◽

Generating System ◽

Control Samples ◽

Inducible Nitric Oxide

Aminoguanidine is a selective inhibitor of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and a scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Numerous studies have shown the antioxidant properties of aminoguanidine in several cell lines, but the in vitro effects of this compound on spermatozoa under oxidative stress are unknown. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that aminoguanidine may protect against the detrimental effects of oxidative stress in boar spermatozoa. For this purpose, sperm samples were incubated with a ROS generating system (Fe2+/ascorbate) with or without aminoguanidine supplementation (10, 1, and 0.1 mM). Our results show that aminoguanidine has powerful antioxidant capacity and protects boar spermatozoa against the deleterious effects of oxidative stress. After 2 h and 3.5 h of sperm incubation, the samples treated with aminoguanidine showed a significant increase in sperm velocity, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity together with a reduced lipid peroxidation in comparison with control samples (p < 0.001). Interestingly, except for the levels of malondialdehyde, the samples treated with 1 mM aminoguanidine did not differ or showed better performance than control samples without Fe2+/ascorbate. The results from this study provide new insights into the application of aminoguanidine as an in vitro therapeutic agent against the detrimental effects of oxidative stress in semen samples.

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ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SELECTED PLANTS USED BY POPULATIONS FROM JURUENA VALLEY, LEGAL AMAZON, BRAZIL

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i5.17086 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 179

Author(s):

Larissa Irene Da Silva ◽

Arunachalam Karuppusamy ◽

Fabio Miyajima ◽

Ivana Maria Povoa Violante ◽

Isanete Geraldini Costa Bieski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Shigella Flexneri ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Cedrela Odorata ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Mato Grosso

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate selected Brazilian plants from Juruena valley region of Mato Grosso, for their in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.Methods: The powder obtained from different parts of the twenty-six (26) plants were macerated in hydroethanolic solution to obtain the extracts. The hydroethanolic extracts were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial activity by determining the MIC using broth microdilution. The 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and nitric oxide (NO) methods were used for the determination of antioxidant activities. Correlation between classes of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity was assessed.Results: Phanera glabra extract (HEPg) showed broad antibacterial spectrum, presenting the best activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Hevea microphylla extract (HEHm) presented a narrow spectrum of antibacterial activity with strong effect against Shigella flexneri. The only plant with broad spectrum antifungal activity was Bertholletia excelsa (HEBe), with moderate activity against strains of Aspergillus and Candida. The following extracts were prominent regarding their activities in the DPPH and FRAP assays-HEBe, Cariniana rubra (HECr) and in the FRAP assay alone, Cedrela odorata (HECo) and HEPg. None of the extracts was active in the NO assay. A significant association was observed between DPPH activity and the total phenolic contents.Conclusion: Our results justified the use of some of the investigated plants in the Brazilian ethnomedicine. The antibacterial activities of these plants are bacteriostatic in nature. These findings support that a number of investigated plants could be a valuable source of new antioxidant and antimicrobial compounds that can potentially deliver novel mechanisms of actions.However, further studies are required.

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