Remediation of 153Gd-Contaminated Sand by Fulvic and Humic Materials Extracted From Fallen Cherry Leaves

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Kubota
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Substance ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Complexation Constant ◽  
Humic Materials ◽  
Acidic Region ◽  
Natural Organic Substance

The remediation of sand contaminated with 153Gd has been investigated using natural organic substances extracted from fallen cherry leaves instead of artificial reagents. The initial fulvic and humic acid isolated from organic substances through acidic and basic treatments have a concentration of total organic carbon of 4500 mgC/L and 3340 mgC/L, and the capacities of their functional groups are 7.23 meq/gC and 2.76 meq/gC, respectively. The remediation capacity of both fulvic and humic acid is effective in the weakly acidic region. Remediation with a natural organic substance requires a much higher carbon concentration than EDTA owing to its weak complexation with metal ions. In comparison with the EDTA complexation constant, the experimental complexation constant (log β) of gadolinium with a natural organic substance at pH 5.5 was determined to be 10 at most.

THE PEDOGENETIC ORIGIN AND CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIC MATTER OF SOLOD SOILS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. ANDERSON ◽  
E. DE JONG ◽  
D. S. McDONALD
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Standard Soil ◽  
Humic Materials ◽  
High Level ◽  
Humus Fractionation

The pedogenetic origin of dark subsurface horizons of a Dark Brown Solod and Solod-like soil from the prairie region of Saskatchewan was studied. The soils had thick, strongly acidic A horizons, dark-colored B horizons and saline C horizons. Standard soil analyses, humus fractionation and measurement of the plant opal phytolith content of the 20–50 μm fraction were done. The dark B horizons contained 1.5 to 2.0 times more organic carbon than the adjacent horizons. The phytolith content decreased regularly with depth, indicating that the dark horizons were not buried surfaces. Consistent with generally accepted theories, they appeared to have formed by the translocation of humic materials in a high sodium environment. The illuvial humus of the B horizon was predominantly humic acid with a high level of aromaticity. Leachates of sodium-saturated A horizon soil contained organic matter with a ratio of humic:fulvic acids and spectral properties similar to the organic matter of the illuvial B horizons.

scholarly journals Effect of Microbial Inoculation on Carbon Preservation during Goat Manure Aerobic Composting

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4441
Author(s):  
Jiawei Lu ◽  
Jingang Wang ◽  
Qin Gao ◽  
Dongxu Li ◽  
Zili Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Aerobic Composting ◽  
Microbial Inoculation ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Humic Acid Carbon

Carbon is the crucial source of energy during aerobic composting. There are few studies that explore carbon preservation by inoculation with microbial agents during goat manure composting. Hence, this study inoculated three proportions of microbial agents to investigate the preservation of carbon during goat manure composting. The microbial inoculums were composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, and yeast, and the proportions were B1 treatment (1:1:1:1:2), B2 treatment (2:2:1:1:2), and B3 treatment (3:3:1:1:2). The results showed that the contents of total organic carbon were enriched by 12.21%, 4.87%, and 1.90% in B1 treatment, B2 treatment, and B3 treatment, respectively. The total organic carbon contents of B1 treatment, B2 treatment, and B3 treatment were 402.00 ± 2.65, 366.33 ± 1.53, and 378.33 ± 2.08 g/kg, respectively. B1 treatment significantly increased the content of total organic carbon compared with the other two treatments (p < 0.05). Moreover, the ratio of 1:1:1:1:2 significantly reduced the moisture content, pH value, EC value, hemicellulose, and lignin contents (p < 0.05), and significantly increased the GI value and the content of humic acid carbon (p < 0.05). Consequently, the preservation of carbon might be a result not only of the enrichment of the humic acid carbon and the decomposition of hemicellulose and lignin, but also the increased OTU amount and Lactobacillus abundance. This result provided a ratio of microbial agents to preserve the carbon during goat manure aerobic composting.

Ozonation by-Products of Humic Acid in the Presence of Hydrogen Peroxide

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 134-137
Author(s):  
Hyun Sang Shin ◽  
Dong Seok Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Sample Solution ◽  
Injection Time ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Removal ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Decreasing Ph ◽  
By Products

Ozonation of humic acid has been conducted in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as catalyst. Besides the study of total organic carbon removal in the ozonation, ozonation by-products were investigated through the change of injected concentration of H2O2, initial pH of aqueous humic acid and injection time of H2O2. The variation of hydrogen peroxide and formaldehyde contents in the processes are mainly evaluated. The formaldehyde was formed less in ozonation with hydrogen peroxide system than without it. When initial pH in solution was changed from 3.5 to 10.5, the formaldehyde was formed with the highest concentration at pH 5. In addition, the concentration of H2O2 produced by ozonation was found to be increased with decreasing pH of the sample solution in this process.

Microbial Activity in Sanitary Landfills–A Possible Source of the Humic Substances in Groundwater?

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Filip ◽  
R. Smed-Hildmann
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Groundwater Aquifers ◽  
Sanitary Landfills ◽  
Municipal Refuse ◽  
Indigenous Microflora

Humic substances account for the main part of the dissolved organic carbon in groundwater. Since groundwater aquifers located near to sanitary landfills usually contain higher concentrations of dissolved organic carbon, we made experiments in the laboratory to determine whether humic substances can be formed from simple non-humified organic substances by a complex micro-flora of municipal refuse. In liquid cultures incubated for two months humic substances were produced, especially when casein or starch was added. The highest amounts of humic acid-like substances were yielded from cultures inoculated with the indigenous microflora from a rotted (aerobic) landfill. Minor yields were obtained when the inoculum originated from a compacted (anaerobic) landfill or from a five years old landfill containing refuse and sewage sludge. Spectral characteristics indicated some similarities but also differences in the UV and visible regions between the newly formed humic acids and a humic acid from groundwater.

Effects of Three Different Microbial Agents on Biodegradation of Agriculture and Forestry Wastes

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2768-2773
Author(s):  
Shun Li Wang ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Yue Qiu Liu ◽  
Cheng Da Gao ◽  
Ke Feng Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Lignocellulose Degradation ◽  
Fermentation Period ◽  
Microbial Agents ◽  
Degradation Ability

The generations of agricultural and forestry wastes (AFWS) are increasing rapidly with developments of agriculture and forestry in China, and AFWS are commonly treated by composting. The objective of this work was to explore the effect of different microbial agents on biodegradation of AFWS. Three microbial agents in the research werePhanerochaete chrysosporium(PC) ,Coriolus versicolor(CV) and GP (agent developed from laboratory with high lignocellulose degradation ability). All the composts inoculated the different microbial agents matured in 58 days. Compared with CK(without exogenous micro agent), composts with micro agents inoculated increased the duration of high-temperature fermentation period, reduced the maturity time, and increased lignocellulose degradation rate. PC and GP inoculated to AFWS produced the higher quality compost with respect to C/N ratio, GI, pH, total organic carbon (TOC) content, and humic acid content.

scholarly journals Spatial Distributions of Humic Substances and Evaluation of Sediment Organic Index on Lake Dalinouer, China

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dekun Hou ◽  
Jiang He ◽  
Changwei Lü ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Fujin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Organic Sediment ◽  
High Degree

The aim of this study is to examine and interpret the spatial distribution of sedimentary humic substances in Lake Dalinouer. Humic substances in sediments were analyzed separately in different fractions: humins (HM), humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA), and different forms of organic carbon. The results showed that total organic carbon (TOC) contents varied from 7.25 to 65.54 g kg−1 with a mean of 36.37 ± 17.74 g kg−1. It was found that high TOC concentrations were at lake’s center and low TOC concentrations occurred at the estuary of inflows. Different redox conditions caused by water depth were of the most important factors which might influence TOC contents. Concentrations of HM, HA, and FA in sediments were detected in range of 6.40–58.16 g kg−1, 0.27–3.50 g kg−1, and 0.27–4.26 g kg−1, respectively. Of them, HM was the dominant form and accounted for 74–94% of TOC and 80–90% of humus. Organic Sediment Index (OSI) was used to assess the organics accumulation, and the value of OSI ranged from 0.001 to 0.30, which indicated that Lake Dalinouer was relatively clean. The relative high degree of humidification was found in the eastern of lake, where it should be taken into consideration seriously.

scholarly journals The Evaluation of Indicators Used to Assess the Suitability of Agricultural Waste for Fermentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Suchowska-Kisielewicz ◽  
Andrzej Jędrczak
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Substance ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Fermentation Efficiency

To ensure high fermentation efficiency, it is necessary to assess the biodegradability of a substrate. These parameters are most often determined on the basis of the amount of loss on ignition and total organic carbon. We are more and more often using chemical indices. However, these indices do not provide information on how much an organic substance is susceptible to biodegradation. The actual assessment of the content of easily biodegradable matter in substrates that are used for fermentation should be performed on the basis of aerobic (AT4) and anaerobic tests (BMP), which require specialised equipment and are time consuming. The AT4 index is being more and more frequently adopted for the analysis of substrates that are used in the fermentation process, because AT4 takes a much shorter time than BMP and provides information on the biodegradability of substrates. The aim of the article is to answer the question of whether the AT4 parameter can be used to assess the suitability of the substrate from the agricultural sector for the fermentation process. The results show that the AT4 index could be used instead of the BMP parameter.

scholarly journals An Attempt to Optimise the Process of Nanofiltration of Pool Water Enriched with Compounds Associated with Secretions of the Human Body

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Edyta Łaskawiec
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Organic Carbon ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Carbon Concentration ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Nanofiltration Membranes ◽  
Total Organic Carbon Concentration ◽  
Pool Water ◽  
Organic Carbon Concentration

This paper discusses the possibilities of purifying pool water by the process of nanofiltration. The analysis was carried out in the presence of substances analogous to the secretions of the human body. The samples of water collected from the school swimming pool was enriched with selected organic and inorganic compounds. The transport-separation properties of nanofiltration membranes were assessed. In the context of the removal of these organic compounds, the measurement of the total organic carbon concentration was of particular importance.

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