scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Synthesis of Modified Glycidyl Methacrylate–Ethyl Methacrylate Oligomers, Their Physico-Chemical and Biological Characteristics

Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
Adam Chyzy ◽  
Damian Pawelski ◽  
Vladyslav Vivcharenko ◽  
Agata Przekora ◽  
Michael Bratychak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Ethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Differential Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Active Substances

In this study, well-known oligomers containing ethyl methacrylate (EMA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) components for the synthesis of the oligomeric network [P(EMA)-co-(GMA)] were used. In order to change the hydrophobic character of the [P(EMA)-co-(GMA)] to a more hydrophilic one, the oligomeric chain was functionalized with ethanolamine, xylitol (Xyl), and L-ornithine. The oligomeric materials were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and differential thermogravimetric analysis. In the final stage, thanks to the large amount of -OH groups, it was possible to obtain a three-dimensional hydrogel (HG) network. The HGs were used as a matrix for the immobilization of methylene blue, which was chosen as a model compound of active substances, the release of which from the matrix was examined using spectrophotometric detection. The cytotoxic test was performed using fluid extracts of the HGs and human skin fibroblasts. The cell culture experiment showed that only [P(EMA)-co-(GMA)] and [P(EMA)-co-(GMA)]-Xyl have the potential to be used in biomedical applications. The studies revealed that the obtained HGs were porous and non-cytotoxic, which gives them the opportunity to possess great potential for use as an oligomeric network for drug reservoirs in in vitro application.

Biodegradable three-dimensional networks of poly(dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate). Synthesis, characterization and in vitro studies of structural degradation and cytotoxicity

Biomaterials ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 595-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique J Bruining ◽  
Harriet G.T. Blaauwgeers ◽  
Roel Kuijer ◽  
Elisabeth Pels ◽  
Rudy M.M.A Nuijts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Structural Degradation ◽  
Ethyl Methacrylate

scholarly journals Development of Injectable Thermosensitive Chitosan-Based Hydrogels for Cell Encapsulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonella Stanzione ◽  
Alessandro Polini ◽  
Velia La Pesa ◽  
Alessandro Romano ◽  
Angelo Quattrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Culture ◽  
Cell Encapsulation ◽  
Mechanical Stiffness ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Hydrogen Carbonate ◽  
Biological Tests

The three-dimensional complexity of the native extracellular matrix (ECM) suggests switching from 2D to 3D culture systems for providing the cells with an architecture more similar to the physiological environment. Reproducing the three-dimensionality in vitro can guarantee beneficial effects in terms of cell growth, adhesion, proliferation, and/or their differentiation. Hydrogels have the same tailorable physico-chemical and biological characteristics as ECM materials. In this study, we propose a thermoresponsive chitosan-based hydrogel that gels thanks to the addition of organic and inorganic salt solutions (beta-glycerolphosphate and sodium hydrogen carbonate) and is suitable for cell encapsulation allowing obtaining 3D culture systems. Physico-chemical analyses showed that the hydrogel formulations jellify at physiological conditions (37 °C, pH 7.4), are stable in vitro up to three weeks, have high swelling ratios and mechanical stiffness suitable for cellular encapsulation. Moreover, preliminary biological tests underlined the pronounced biocompatibility of the system. Therefore, these chitosan-based hydrogels are proposed as valid biomaterials for cell encapsulation.

Physico-Chemical and In Vitro Cytotoxic Properties of Alginate/Soy Protein Isolated Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering

2017 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patcharakamon Nooeaid ◽  
Piyachat Chuysinuan ◽  
Supanna Techasakul ◽  
Kriengsak Lirdprapamongkol ◽  
Jisnuson Svasti
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Chemical Attributes

Three-dimensional (3D) porous alginate/soy protein isolated (Alg/SPI) tissue engineering scaffolds were achieved by freeze-drying. The physico-chemical attributes of the scaffolds including morphology, chemical structure, mechanical properties and in vitro cytotoxicity were investigated for different SPI blends. Results indicated that increasing SPI content to 40 wt% in the blends resulted in the partial existence of closed pores and reduced pore size. The mechanical values of the scaffolds under compression also reduced with increasing SPI in the blends. The addition of SPI did not significantly enhance the cell viability of the scaffolds investigated for in vitro culture with human fibroblasts, which remained in the high (90 – 100%) range. Results demonstrated that Alg/SPI scaffolds have potential for use as tissue engineering scaffolds.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Tissue Resident CD29-Positive Progenitor Cells in Livestock to Generate a Three-Dimensional Meat Bud

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2499
Author(s):  
Yuna Naraoka ◽  
Yo Mabuchi ◽  
Yosuke Yoneyama ◽  
Eriko Grace Suto ◽  
Daisuke Hisamatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Proliferating Cells ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Bovine Tissue ◽  
The Matrix

The current process of meat production using livestock has significant effects on the global environment, including high emissions of greenhouse gases. In recent years, cultured meat has attracted attention as a way to acquire animal proteins. However, the lack of markers that isolate proliferating cells from bovine tissues and the complex structure of the meat make it difficult to culture meat in a dish. In this study, we screened 246 cell-surface antibodies by fluorescence-activated cell sorting for their capacity to form colonies and their suitability to construct spheroid “meat buds”. CD29+ cells (Ha2/5 clone) have a high potency to form colonies and efficiently proliferate on fibronectin-coated dishes. Furthermore, the meat buds created from CD29+ cells could differentiate into muscle and adipose cells in a three-dimensional structure. The meat buds embedded in the collagen gel proliferated in the matrix and formed large aggregates. Approximately 10 trillion cells can theoretically be obtained from 100 g of bovine tissue by culturing and amplifying them using these methods. The CD29+ cell characteristics of bovine tissue provide insights into the production of meat alternatives in vitro.

scholarly journals Elastin-Collagen Based Hydrogels as Model Scaffolds to Induce Three-Dimensional Adipocyte Culture from Adipose Derived Stem Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Newman ◽  
Kendra Clark ◽  
Bhuvaneswari Gurumurthy ◽  
Pallabi Pal ◽  
Amol V. Janorkar
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Collagen Scaffolds ◽  
Collagen Concentration ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Oil Red O Staining

This study aimed to probe the effect of formulation of scaffolds prepared using collagen and elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) and their resulting physico-chemical and mechanical properties on the adipogenic differentiation of human adipose derived stem cells (hASCs). Six different ELP-collagen scaffolds were prepared by varying the collagen concentration (2 and 6 mg/mL), ELP addition (6 mg/mL), or crosslinking of the scaffolds. FTIR spectroscopy indicated secondary bonding interactions between collagen and ELP, while scanning electron microscopy revealed a porous structure for all scaffolds. Increased collagen concentration, ELP addition, and presence of crosslinking decreased swelling ratio and increased elastic modulus and compressive strength of the scaffolds. The scaffold characteristics influenced cell morphology, wherein the hASCs seeded in the softer, non-crosslinked scaffolds displayed a spread morphology. We determined that stiffer and/or crosslinked elastin-collagen based scaffolds constricted the spreading of hASCs, leading to a spheroid morphology and yielded an enhanced adipogenic differentiation as indicated by Oil Red O staining. Overall, this study underscored the importance of spheroid morphology in adipogenic differentiation, which will allow researchers to create more physiologically-relevant three-dimensional, in vitro culture models.

scholarly journals Evaluación in vitro de la adhesión de células troncales mesenquimales a matrices dentales impresas en tercera dimensión / In Vitro Evaluation of the Adhesion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Three-Dimensional Printed Matrices

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (77) ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Andrés Rodríguez Sáenz ◽  
María Alejandra Lozano Macías ◽  
Astrid Eugenia Benedetti Canabal ◽  
Juan Carlos Munévar Niño ◽  
Jorge Alberto Sarmiento O'Meara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cellular Adhesion ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Human Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Stem Cell

RESUMEN. Antecedentes: En la ingeniería de tejidos es fundamental estudiar el sinergismo entre las células troncales mesenquimales y el biomaterial para tener un mayor control sobre los biomiméticos. De esto depende el éxito de tratamientos de lesiones de tamaño crítico. Objetivo: Evaluar la adhesión celular in vitro de células troncales de la pulpa dental humana (hDPSCs) en matrices impresas con ácido poliláctico (APL). Métodos: Se utilizaron muestras de hDPSCs criopreservadas y expandidas, cultivadas sobre 24 matrices dentales impresas 3D en APL durante 1, 7 y 15 días. Se evaluó la fenotipificacion de la hDPSCs por citometría de flujo y la adhesión celular a la matriz por medio de microscopio electrónico de barrido (SEM). Los datos fueron reportados en porcentajes, tanto para marcador analizado, como para la cantidad de células adheridas. Resultados: hDPSCs expresaron positivamente anticuerpos CD73 y CD90 de casi 100 % y CD105 de 56,7 %. Así mismo, expresaron negativamente, anticuerpos CD34 y CD45 mayor a 98 %. Se observó en SEM que a los 15 días el 99,88 % de las hDPSCs presentaron forma fusiforme o estrellada lo que significa que estas células se adhirieron a la matriz de APL. Conclusión: El APL no es citotóxico para las hDPSCs por su composición y características biocompatibles, lo que proporcionó que las células se adhirieron y proliferaron sobre la matriz dental impresa en 3D demostrando ser un método in vitro efectivo para emplear en futuros estudios de regeneración de tejidos en odontología.ABSTRACT. Background: The study of synergy between mesenchymal stem cells and biomaterial in tissue engineering is fundamental in order to have greater control over the biomimetics for the success of critical clinical treatments depends on this. Objective: to evaluate in vitro cellular adhesion of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) in three-dimensional printed matrices synthesized with poly-lactic acid (PLA). Method: The study used passage-expanded cryopreserved dental stem cell samples cultivated on 24 three-dimensional dental matrices of PLA during 1, 7 and 15 days. Phenotypification of the DMSC was carried out with flow cytometry and the cellular adhesion to the matrix with morphological analysis using an SEM electron microscope. Data were reported in percentages for each marker in the phenotypification as well as for the amount of adhered cells per time period. Results: The hDPSCs expressed positively, CD73 and CD 90 antibodies of almost 100 % while the CD 105 only had 56, 7 %. The cells presented negative expression of the CD34 and CD45 antibodies in more than 98 %. The SEM showed that 99, 88 % of the DMSC had a fusiform or star shape after 15 days meaning that they had adhered to the matrix. Conclusion: PLA biomaterial is not cytotoxic for the DMSC due to its composition and biocompatible characteristics, which helped the cells, adhere themselves and proliferate on the matrix. This proved to be an effective in vitro method, which may be used in future studies of critical- size tissue lesion studies in dentistry. 

scholarly journals Fondant Candies Enriched with Antioxidants from Aronia Berries and Grape Marc

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ocsana Opris ◽  
Ildiko Lung ◽  
Maria-Loredana Soran ◽  
Rodica Sturza ◽  
Aliona Ghendov-Mosanu
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Grape Marc ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Microbiological Stability ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Sonication Technique ◽  
Active Substances

Aronia berries and grape marc, a by-product of producing wine, are rich in antioxidants. The aim of this work was to study the effects of powders and extracts of aronia berries and grape marc addition on physico-chemical quality indicators, microbiological stability in vitro, and antiradical activity of fondant candies, during storage. In order to obtain the maximum antioxidant activity of the aronia berries and grape marc extracts, the Box-Behnken experimental design was used for optimization of the extraction method using sonication technique. During 35 days of storage, the dry mass fraction of all candies obtained significantly increased, which shows that the fondant candies obtained are stable over time. An important role was played by the antioxidant capacity of the plant materials used, whose chemical composition includes a number of biologically active substances which inhibit the development of microorganisms and allow stabilization of the fondant candies.

scholarly journals Cell-generated traction forces and the resulting matrix deformation modulate microvascular alignment and growth during angiogenesis

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (2) ◽  
pp. H152-H164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton J. Underwood ◽  
Lowell T. Edgar ◽  
James B. Hoying ◽  
Jeffrey A. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Local Strain ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Vitro Model

The details of the mechanical factors that modulate angiogenesis remain poorly understood. Previous in vitro studies of angiogenesis using microvessel fragments cultured within collagen constructs demonstrated that neovessel alignment can be induced via mechanical constraint of the boundaries (i.e., boundary conditions). The objective of this study was to investigate the role of mechanical boundary conditions in the regulation of angiogenic alignment and growth in an in vitro model of angiogenesis. Angiogenic microvessels within three-dimensional constructs were subjected to different boundary conditions, thus producing different stress and strain fields during growth. Neovessel outgrowth and orientation were quantified from confocal image data after 6 days. Vascularity and branching decreased as the amount of constraint imposed on the culture increased. In long-axis constrained hexahedral constructs, microvessels aligned parallel to the constrained axis. In contrast, constructs that were constrained along the short axis had random microvessel orientation. Finite element models were used to simulate the contraction of gels under the various boundary conditions and to predict the local strain field experienced by microvessels. Results from the experiments and simulations demonstrated that microvessels aligned perpendicular to directions of compressive strain. Alignment was due to anisotropic deformation of the matrix from cell-generated traction forces interacting with the mechanical boundary conditions. These findings demonstrate that boundary conditions and thus the effective stiffness of the matrix regulate angiogenesis. This study offers a potential explanation for the oriented vascular beds that occur in native tissues and provides the basis for improved control of tissue vascularization in both native tissues and tissue-engineered constructs.

scholarly journals Human Adipose-Derived Hydrogel Characterization Based on In Vitro ASC Biocompatibility and Differentiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omair A. Mohiuddin ◽  
Benjamen T. O’Donnell ◽  
J. Nicholas Poche ◽  
Rida Iftikhar ◽  
Rachel M. Wise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Adipogenic Differentiation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Mineral Deposition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Proliferation Assays

Hydrogels serve as three-dimensional scaffolds whose composition can be customized to allow attachment and proliferation of several different cell types. Extracellular matrix-derived hydrogels are considered close replicates of the tissue microenvironment. They can serve as scaffolds for in vitro tissue engineering and are a useful tool to study cell-scaffold interaction. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) and decellularized adipose tissue-derived (DAT) hydrogel interaction on ASC morphology, proliferation, differentiation, and DAT hydrogel microstructure. First, the ASCs were characterized using flow cytometry, adipogenic/osteogenic differentiation, colony-forming unit fibroblast assay and doubling time. The viability and proliferation assays showed that ASCs seeded in DAT hydrogel at different concentrations and cultured for 21 days remained viable and displayed proliferation. ASCs were seeded on DAT hydrogel and cultured in stromal, adipogenic, or osteogenic media for 14 or 28 days. The analysis of adipogenic differentiation demonstrated the upregulation of adipogenic marker genes and accumulation of oil droplets in the cells. Osteogenic differentiation demonstrated the upregulation of osteogenic marker genes and mineral deposition in the DAT hydrogel. The analysis of DAT hydrogel fiber metrics revealed that ASC seeding, and differentiation altered both the diameter and arrangement of fibers in the matrix. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity was assessed to determine the possible mechanism for DAT hydrogel remodeling. MMP-2 activity was observed in all ASC seeded samples, with the osteogenic samples displaying the highest MMP-2 activity. These findings indicate that DAT hydrogel is a cytocompatible scaffold that supports the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of ASCs. Furthermore, the attachment of ASCs and differentiation along adipogenic and osteogenic lineages remodels the microstructure of DAT hydrogel.

scholarly journals Regulation of Cell Invasion and Morphogenesis in a Three-Dimensional Type I Collagen Matrix by Membrane-Type Matrix Metalloproteinases 1, 2, and 3

2000 ◽  
Vol 149 (6) ◽  
pp. 1309-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Hotary ◽  
Edward Allen ◽  
Antonello Punturieri ◽  
Ikuo Yana ◽  
Stephen J. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Mdck Cells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Collagen Matrix ◽  
Type I ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Membrane Type

During tissue-invasive events, migrating cells penetrate type I collagen-rich interstitial tissues by mobilizing undefined proteolytic enzymes. To screen for members of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family that mediate collagen-invasive activity, an in vitro model system was developed wherein MDCK cells were stably transfected to overexpress each of ten different MMPs that have been linked to matrix remodeling states. MDCK cells were then stimulated with scatter factor/hepatocyte growth factor (SF/HGF) to initiate invasion and tubulogenesis atop either type I collagen or interstitial stroma to determine the ability of MMPs to accelerate, modify, or disrupt morphogenic responses. Neither secreted collagenases (MMP-1 and MMP-13), gelatinases (gelatinase A or B), stromelysins (MMP-3 and MMP-11), or matrilysin (MMP-7) affected SF/HGF-induced responses. By contrast, the membrane-anchored metalloproteinases, membrane-type 1 MMP, membrane-type 2 MMP, and membrane-type 3 MMP (MT1-, MT2-, and MT3-MMP) each modified the morphogenic program. Of the three MT-MMPs tested, only MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP were able to directly confer invasion-incompetent cells with the ability to penetrate type I collagen matrices. MT-MMP–dependent invasion proceeded independently of proMMP-2 activation, but required the enzymes to be membrane-anchored to the cell surface. These findings demonstrate that MT-MMP–expressing cells can penetrate and remodel type I collagen-rich tissues by using membrane-anchored metalloproteinases as pericellular collagenases.

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