In Vitro Destruction of Pathogenic Bacterial Biofilms by Bactericidal Metallic Nanoparticles via Laser-Induced Forward Transfer

A novel, successful method of bactericidal treatment of pathogenic bacterial biofilms in vitro by laser-induced forward transfer of metallic nanoparticles from a polyethylene terephthalate polymeric substrate was suggested. Transferred nanoparticles were characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray and Raman spectroscopy. The antibacterial modality of the method was tested on Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas Aeruginosa) bacterial biofilms in vitro, revealing their complete destruction. The proposed simple, cost-effective and potentially mobile biofilm treatment method demonstrated its high and broad bactericidal efficiency.

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Dietary Nanoparticles Interact with Gluten Peptides and Alter the Intestinal Homeostasis Increasing the Risk of Celiac Disease

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22116102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 6102

Author(s):

Clara Mancuso ◽

Francesca Re ◽

Ilaria Rivolta ◽

Luca Elli ◽

Elisa Gnodi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Food Sector ◽

Intestinal Homeostasis ◽

Gluten Peptides ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Duodenal Biopsies ◽

Junction Proteins

The introduction of metallic nanoparticles (mNPs) into the diet is a matter of concern for human health. In particular, their effect on the gastrointestinal tract may potentially lead to the increased passage of gluten peptides and the activation of the immune response. In consequence, dietary mNPs could play a role in the increasing worldwide celiac disease (CeD) incidence. We evaluated the potential synergistic effects that peptic-tryptic-digested gliadin (PT) and the most-used food mNPs may induce on the intestinal mucosa. PT interaction with mNPs and their consequent aggregation was detected by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses and UV–Vis spectra. In vitro experiments on Caco-2 cells proved the synergistic cytotoxic effect of PT and mNPs, as well as alterations in the monolayer integrity and tight junction proteins. Exposure of duodenal biopsies to gliadin plus mNPs triggered cytokine production, but only in CeD biopsies. These results suggest that mNPs used in the food sector may alter intestinal homeostasis, thus representing an additional environmental risk factor for the development of CeD.

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Synthesis, characterization and in vitro cytotoxicity study of Co and Ni ferrite nanoparticles prepared by sol-gel method

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-021-04709-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Alexandre Pancotti ◽

Dener Pereira Santos ◽

Dielly Oliveira Morais ◽

Mauro Vinícius de Barros Souza ◽

Débora R. Lima ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Test Sample ◽

In Vitro Cytotoxicity ◽

Gel Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Crystallite Sizes

AbstractIn this study, we report the synthesis and characterization of NiFe2O4 and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) which are widely used in the biomedical area. There is still limited knowledge how the properties of these materials are influenced by different chemical routes. In this work, we investigated the effect of heat treatment over cytotoxicity of cobalt and niquel ferrites NPs synthesized by sol-gel method. Then the samples were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis (FTIR), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The average crystallite sizes of the particles were found to be in the range of 20–35 nm. The hemocompatibility (erythrocytes and leukocytes) was checked. Cytotoxicity results were similar to those of the control test sample, therefore suggesting hemocompatibility of the tested materials.

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Removeal of Arsenic(III) from Water by Using a New Class of Zero-Valent Iron Modified Mesoporous Silica Molecular Sieves SBA-15

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.423 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 356-360 ◽

pp. 423-429

Author(s):

Meng Ye ◽

Jin Huang ◽

Rui Chen ◽

Qi Zhuang He

Keyword(s):

Molecular Sieves ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Zero Valent Iron ◽

Preparation Process ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Wet Impregnation ◽

X Ray ◽

New Class ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Removal Of Arsenic

An elevated arsenic (As) content in groundwater imposes a great threat to people worldwide. Thus, developing new and cost-effective methods to remove As from groundwater and drinking water becomes a priority. Using Zero-Valent iron (ZVI) to remove As from water is a proven technology. In this study, ZVI modified SBA-15 mesoporous silicamolecular sieves (ZVI-SBA-15), was prepared, characterized, and used for removing arsenic from water. Wet impregnation, drying, and calcination steps led to iron inclusion within the mesopores. Iron oxide was reduced to ZVI by NaBH4, and the ZVI modified SBA-15 was obtained. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy conﬁrmed the preparation process of the nitrate to oxide forms. The structure of the materials was conﬁrmed by Powder X-ray diﬀraction. Its data indicated that the structure of ZVI-SBA-15 retained the host SBA-15 structure. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis revealed a decrease in surface area and pore size, indicating ZVI-SBA-15 coating on the inner surfaces. Transmission electron micrographs also conﬁrmed that modiﬁed SBA-15 retained the structure of the parent SBA-15 silica.It has a high uptake capability(more than 90 pecent) make it potentially attractive absorbent for the removal of arsenic from water.

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Inhibition of Estrogenic Response of Yeast Screen Assay by Exposure to Non-Lethal Levels of Metallic Nanoparticles

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10113796 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 3796

Author(s):

Byoung-cheun Lee ◽

Cuong N. Duong ◽

Jungkon Kim ◽

Suejin Kim ◽

Ig-chun Eom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Estrogenic Activity ◽

Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽

Cell Organelles ◽

Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Tem Analysis ◽

Environmental Media ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

17Β Estradiol

In order to investigate the effects of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on the performance of in vitro bioassay, zinc oxide NP (ZnO NP), aluminum oxide NP (Al2O3 NP), bare silver NP (Ag NP), and Ag NP capped with citrate (Agcit NP) were evaluated with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae Y190) two-hybrid system (YES assay), carrying Japanese medaka estrogen receptors (mERs) in the presence of 17β-estradiol (E2, 10−6 M), a reference chemical for estrogenic activity. The distribution of NPs in the yeast was also examined by field-emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM). The results show that TEM analysis revealed that NPs were present inside the yeast and accumulated deep inside the cell organelles, suggesting that cell death was caused by NPs. However, despite no significant change of mortality, the E2 estrogenic activities in yeast exposed to ZnO NP and Al2O3 NP were dose-dependently reduced. For Ag NP and Agcit NP, such phenomenon observed in the exposure of ZnO NP and Al2O3 NP did not occur. From the observations, we found that ZnO NP and Al2O3 NP in the environmental media could result in underestimated estrogenicity of endocrine-disrupting compounds when evaluated by YES assay.

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Enzyme Mimetic Activity of ZnO-Pd Nanosheets Synthesized via a Green Route

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25112585 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (11) ◽

pp. 2585 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ravi Mani Tripathi ◽

Dohee Ahn ◽

Yeong Mok Kim ◽

Sang J. Chung

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Enzyme Mimics ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Green Route ◽

Protease Digestion ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Atomic Spacing

Recent developments in the area of nanotechnology have focused on the development of nanomaterials with catalytic activities. The enzyme mimics, nanozymes, work efficiently in extreme pH and temperature conditions, and exhibit resistance to protease digestion, in contrast to enzymes. We developed an environment-friendly, cost-effective, and facile biological method for the synthesis of ZnO-Pd nanosheets. This is the first biosynthesis of ZnO-Pd nanosheets. The synthesized nanosheets were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray. The d-spacing (inter-atomic spacing) of the palladium nanoparticles in the ZnO sheets was found to be 0.22 nm, which corresponds to the (111) plane. The XRD pattern revealed that the 2θ values of 21.8°, 33.3°, 47.7°, and 56.2° corresponded with the crystal planes of (100), (002), (112), and (201), respectively. The nanosheets were validated to possess peroxidase mimetic activity, which oxidized the 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate in the presence of H2O2. After 20 min of incubation time, the colorless TMB substrate oxidized into a dark-blue-colored one and a strong peak was observed at 650 nm. The initial velocities of Pd-ZnO-catalyzed TMB oxidation by H2O2 were analyzed by Michaelis–Menten and Lineweaver–Burk plots, resulting in 64 × 10−6 M, 8.72 × 10−9 Msec−1, and 8.72 × 10−4 sec−1 of KM, Vmax, and kcat, respectively.

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Ce-Based Nanoparticles Loaded with Cisplatin for Tumour Radiotherapy

Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jbn.2020.2984 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (10) ◽

pp. 1482-1494

Author(s):

Li Sun ◽

Chang Jiang ◽

Wenhai Li ◽

Zelai He ◽

Gengming Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Photoelectric Effect ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Precipitation Method ◽

Treatment Mode ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Good Biocompatibility ◽

Synergistic Inhibitory Effect

The combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy is a common and useful treatment mode for tumours. But traditional methods inevitably lead to a variety of side effects. A drug delivery system (DDS), which has good biocompatibility and strong anti-tumour ability, is expected to solve this problem. Studies have shown that Ce-based nanoparticles (NPs) have good radiosensitization effect through the photoelectric effect. Hence, cisplatin-loaded LiLuF4 :Ce3+scintillation NPs (NP + Cis) were first constructed in this study, which was synthesized by the crystal precipitation method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Subsequently, its toxicity was verified, and the radiosensitization effect and basic radiosensitization mechanism on tumour cells and tumour-bearing mice were researched. Results showed that NP + Cis triggered massive DNA damage and effectively inhibited cell viability in vitro under the exposure of X-ray irradiation (IR). Moreover, the experiments in vivo showed that the NP + Cis had higher biosafety, which could absorb enough irradiation and produce a synergistic inhibitory effect on tumours through the releasing of Cis. NP + Cis can improve the performance of DDS in chemoradiotherapy.

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Fabrication and Characterization of Titanium Based Nanotubes

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.581 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 79-82 ◽

pp. 581-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Li Ang Song ◽

Li Xin Cao ◽

Ge Su ◽

Wei Liu ◽

Hui Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Outer Diameter ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Amorphous Phases ◽

Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Inner Diameter

Titanium based nanotubes (8-12nm outer diameter and 4-6nm inner diameter) were successfully fabricated by a simple and cost-effective hydrothermal method. The nanotube-like amorphous phases TNT(Na) and TNT(H) were obtained with different post treatment. The samples were characterized by means of high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), energy dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The photocatalytic activities of the nanotubes were evaluated using photo-oxidation of methyl orange.

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Green Synthesis of Platinum-encapsulated Nickel Nanocatalyst and Its Microstructure Evaluation

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-1213-t10-12 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1213 ◽

Author(s):

Iliana Medina-Ramirez ◽

Xu-Bin Pan ◽

Sajid Bashir ◽

Jingbo Louise Liu

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Particle Size Distribution ◽

Colloidal Suspension ◽

Cost Effective ◽

X Ray ◽

Microstructure Evaluation ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Colloidal Method ◽

The Stability

AbstractPlatinum (Pt) is the most efficient and highly utilized electrocatalsyt; however its high cost hinders its widespread use as a stand-alone catalyst. To remedy this problem, a nickel (Ni) encapsulated by Pt (NiⓔPt) nanocatalyst was fabricated using a cost-effective green colloidal method. The NiⓔPt nanoparticles (NPs) were then characterized using transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) to determine the particle size distribution, morphology, elemental composition, and crystalline phase structure. The surface energetic was also measured using ZetaPALS™ to identify the stability of the colloidal suspension.

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A COST-EFFECTIVE MAGNETIC PHOTOCATALYST PALYGORSKITE–TiO2–FexOy WITH EXCELLENT PERFORMANCE FOR DYE PHOTODEGRADATION UNDER VISIBLE LIGHT

NANO ◽

10.1142/s1793292014500635 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 09 (06) ◽

pp. 1450063

Author(s):

JIAHUI ZHANG ◽

LILI ZHANG ◽

JIN HUANG ◽

SHOUYONG ZHOU ◽

HAIQUN CHEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visible Light ◽

Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Magnetic Photocatalyst ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Light Region ◽

Reaction Solution ◽

Excellent Photocatalytic Activity ◽

Average Size

Palygorskite (denoted as Pal) was used as an economical carrier of hybrid photocatalyst TiO 2– Fe x O yvia an in situ depositing technique (marked as Pal– TiO 2– Fe x O y). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), brunner-emmet-teller (BET) measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra measurements. Results showed that TiO 2– Fe x O y composite particles with average size of about 10 nm were loaded onto the Pal fibers' surface. Fe x O y acted not only as magnetic source but also took part in the formation of TiO 2– Fe x O y heterojunction structure, which resulted in the obvious absorption in visible light region for the obtained Pal– TiO 2– Fe x O y composite photocatalyst. The obtained Pal– TiO 2– Fe x O y shows excellent photocatalytic activity toward photodegradation of Methyl orange (MO) under visible light irradiation and the degradation ratio reached 94% within 180 min. Moreover, Pal– TiO 2– Fe x O y could be readily recovered from the reaction solution by the magnet. Possible mechanism for the enhancement was also proposed.

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Cost-Effective Synthesis of Efficient CoWO4/Ni Nanocomposite Electrode Material for Supercapacitor Applications

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano10112195 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 2195

Author(s):

Kannadasan Thiagarajan ◽

Dhandapani Balaji ◽

Jagannathan Madhavan ◽

Jayaraman Theerthagiri ◽

Seung Jun Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Electrode Material ◽

Composite Electrode ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Supporting Electrolyte ◽

Cost Effective ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Effective Synthesis ◽

Supercapacitor Applications

In the present study, the synthesis of CoWO4 (CWO)–Ni nanocomposites was conducted using a wet chemical method. The crystalline phases and morphologies of the Ni nanoparticles, CWO, and CWO–Ni composites were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). The electrochemical properties of CWO and CWO–Ni composite electrode materials were assessed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) tests using KOH as a supporting electrolyte. Among the CWO–Ni composites containing different amounts of Ni1, Ni2, and Ni3, CWO–Ni3 exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 271 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, which was greater than that of bare CWO (128 F g−1). Moreover, the CWO–Ni3 composite electrode material displayed excellent reversible cyclic stability and maintained 86.4% of its initial capacitance after 1500 discharge cycles. The results obtained herein demonstrate that the prepared CWO–Ni3 nanocomposite is a promising electrode candidate for supercapacitor applications.

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