scholarly journals Study on Adsorption Behavior of Nickel Ions Using Silica-Based Sandwich Layered Zirconium-Titanium Phosphate Prepared by Layer-by-Layer Grafting Method

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2314
Author(s):  
Chunmin Li ◽  
Jinsheng Zhao ◽  
Yusheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Titanium Phosphate ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Zirconium Titanium Phosphate

In this study, the composite of silica-based sandwich-layered zirconium-titanium phosphate was prepared by a layer-by-layer grafting method and its adsorption properties in a diluted solution of Ni ions were specifically researched by the bath experiment method. The field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) results presented the smooth surface morphology of the pristine adsorbent and a rough surface morphology of the adsorbed adsorbent and the energy dispersive analysis (EDS) results ensured the presence of the original metal element (Si, O, Ti, P, Zr) and the captured nickel element on the adsorbent. The Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed the new band formation of -Si-Ti-O-, -Si-Ti-O-P-, and -Si-Ti-O-P-Zr-O-, which ensured the successful modification of the silica substrate by zirconium-titanium phosphate. The specific surface area and pore size distribution analysis indicated that the pore structure was changed from type-Ⅳ to H2-type and the specific surface area (BET) of the modified composite was 337.881 m2/g. In the bath experiment, the optimal pH for adsorbing Ni ions on the composite was ~8 with the equilibrium time 30 min at room temperature and the maximum sorption amount was 50.1 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics of the sorption process were corresponded to the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation and the isothermal adsorption data were fitted well to the Redlich-Peterson Model. Thermodynamic simulation results revealed the species of Ni ions and provided a reasonable pH scope for better removal of the Ni element in wastewater.

Facile Preparation of Iron-Manganese Oxide@Diatomite Composite for Effective Removal of Vanadium from Wastewater

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 717
Author(s):  
Junying Song ◽  
Zhanbin Huang ◽  
Fengzhi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Manganese Oxide ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Iron Manganese

Excess pentavalent vanadium(v) has severely degraded water quality and posed a huge threat to human health over the past several decades. Hence, it’s urgent and significant to explore a novel adsorbent which is low cost and efficient to treat vanadium pollution. In this work, a novel iron-manganese oxide@diatomite (MnFe2O4@DE) adsorbent with superior removal performance for simulated vanadium(v) wastewater was synthesised via a facile hydrothermal method. The as-prepared MnFe2O4@DE composite was characterised through different characterisation techniques. The results indicated that the MnFe2O4 nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on the surface of diatomite, resulting in a larger specific surface area and pore volume of the composite. In addition, the MnFe2O4@DE adsorbent exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for vanadium(v) (18.37mgg−1±0.5%), which was up to around 13.24 and 1.33 times as much as that of pure diatomite and MnFe2O4, respectively. This is mainly attributed to the enhanced specific surface area and pore volume. Furthermore, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis demonstrated vanadium(v) could be reduced to low valence vanadium with low toxicity by the MnFe2O4@DE composite which could exist as VO2+ and VO+ cations in solution. The adsorption process was better fitted with a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir model, which is spontaneous and endothermic. Overall, the novel MnFe2O4@DE composite could be applied as a promising adsorbent in addressing vanadium pollution issues due to its properties of low cost, effectiveness, and environmental friendliness.

scholarly journals Effect of the electrolysis regime on the structural characteristics of honeycomb-like electrodes

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Nebojsa D. Nikolic ◽  
Goran Branković ◽  
Miomir G. Pavlović
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Hole Size ◽  
Porous Structures ◽  
Wall Width ◽  
Copper Electrodes ◽  
Hydrogen Bubbles

The effect of different current regimes of electrolysis on the micro- and nanostructural characteristics of open porous structures was examined by the analysis of honeycomb-like copper electrodes obtained by constant galvanostatic (DC) electrodeposition and by regimes of pulsating (PC) and reversing (RC) current. An increase in the number of holes formed by detached hydrogen bubbles, the decrease in wall width between holes and changes in surface morphology around holes from cauliflower-like agglomerates of copper grains to dendrites were observed in the following order: the DC, PC and RC regime. The hole size formed in the RC regime was smaller than the hole size formed in the DC and PC regimes. Analysis of the obtained structural characteristics showed that the specific surface area of the honeycomb-like electrodes was increased by the application of the PC and RC regimes in relation to the DC regime.

Preparation and Adsorption Properties of Rod MgNiAl-LDH

2019 ◽  
Vol 956 ◽  
pp. 294-304
Author(s):  
Guo Jun Ke ◽  
Hong Jun Tan ◽  
Peng Fei Yang ◽  
Pin Yu Zou
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Magnesium Nitrate ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Nickel Aluminum ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

Using magnesium nitrate, nickel nitrate and aluminum nitrate as raw materials and urea as precipitant, magnesium nickel aluminum ternary hydrotalcites with large specific surface area were prepared by hydrothermal method. The prepared samples were characterized by SEM、XRD、BET and EDS etc., respectively. The adsorption properties of MgNiAl-LDHs, MgAl-LDHs and their calcined products (MgNiAl-LDOs, MgAl-LDOs) for chloride ions in solution were investigated. The results show that MgNiAl-LDHs are cubic with rod-like structure, with a specific surface area of 197.62 m2/g, which is much larger than that of MgAl-LDHs (102.82 m2/g). Under the same adsorption conditions, the saturated adsorption capacities of MgNiAl-LDHs and MgAl-LDHs for chloride ions are 130.06mg/g and 110.02 mg/g respectively. MgNiAl-LDOs showed better adsorption ability for chloride ions. By simulating the adsorption data, the results show that the adsorption kinetics and the adsorption isotherm are in accordance with the quasi-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, respectively.

Study of Deashing and Activation on the Coke Fines and Semi-Cokes Based on Properties of Composite Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
pp. 178-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Wang ◽  
Qiao Wen Yang ◽  
Chuan Liu ◽  
Hui Zhao ◽  
Gan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Technological Condition ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Coke Fines

Coke fines and semi-cokes have high ash content, low specific surface area and pore volume. In order to increase the properties of the sample and make the activated composite materials, it must be deashed and activated. In this research, the deashing experiment of the raw materials by different concentration of HNO3 and KOH was tested, then the material was activated in high temperature steam. From the FTIR test, we can acquire the content of the surface functional groups, such as carboxyl and hydroxyl. The specific surface area, pore size, volume of the material were determinated by using the N2 isothermal adsorption. From the experiments of acid and alkali treatment, we can conclude that the optimal technological condition of the material: the concentration 20% of alkali and acid treatment processing. The ash content is decreased to 8%. The acid functional groups increased rapidly after HNO3 treatment. The activated coke fines have mainly mesopores and its proportion of microspore is low. The specific surface area of the activated material reached 80m2/g and increased about 5 times than that of raw materials.

scholarly journals Low Temperature One-Pot Hydrothermal Carbonization of Corn Straw into Hydrochar for Adsorbing Cadmium (II) in Wastewater

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8503
Author(s):  
Heng Li ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
Li Bai ◽  
Mingshu Chi ◽  
Xiuling Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Pore Size Analysis

Corn straw, a typical agricultural waste, was directly converted into hydrochar with a yield of 77.56% by hydrothermal carbonization at 140–230 °C for 2 h with a solid–liquid ratio of 1:20. The morphology and surface properties were characterized by elemental analysis, specific surface area and pore size analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that with the increase of hydrothermal reaction temperature, some physical and chemical properties such as the increase of hydrocarbon content, crystallinity, and specific surface area of hydrochar changed significantly. A series of chemical reactions such as dehydration, decarboxylation, and aromatization occurred in the hydrothermal carbonization process so that the prepared hydrochar had rich oxygen-containing functional groups (-HO, C-O-C, C=O) and unique porous structure made the hydrochar prepared at 170 °C had the best removal effect on Cd2+ in solution (5.84 mg/g). These specific conditions could remove Cd2+ and greatly improve the adsorption performance. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Freundlich isotherm model could better describe the adsorption behavior of Cd2+. Therefore, corn straw hydrochar as a potential adsorbent for removing Cd2+ from water.

scholarly journals REMOVAL OF Cd(II) FROM WATER BY USING GRAPHENE OXIDE–MnFe2O4 MAGNETIC NANOHYBRIDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1B) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Huu Hieu
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Fast Kinetics ◽  
Magnetic Nanohybrids

In this work, graphene oxide–manganese ferrite (GO–MnFe2O4) magnetic nanohybrids were synthesized by co–precipitation technique. The adsorption properties of GO–MnFe2O4 for efficient removal of Cd(II) from contaminated water were investigated. The nanohybrids were characterized by using X–ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller specific surface area (BET), transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). VSM result showed the high saturation magnetization values Ms = 27.1 emu/g, the BET specific surface area was 84.236 m2/g. Adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the adsorption capacity of the GO–MnFe2O4 magnetic nanohybrids and compared with MnFe2O4 nanoparticles and GO nanosheets. The equilibrium time for adsorption of Cd(II) onto the nanohybrids was 240 minutes. Experimental adsorption data were well–fitted to the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo–second–order kinetic equation. The experimental results showed that adsorption of Cd(II) using GO–MnFe2O4 magnetic nanohybrids was better than MnFe2O4 and GO with a maximum adsorption capacity of 121.951 mg/g at pH 8.  Reusability, ease of magnetic separation, high removal capacity, and fast kinetics lead the GO–MnFe2O4 nanohybrids to be promising adsorbents for removal heavy metals from contaminated water.

Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Nanoscale Pores in Closed Coal

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 567-577
Author(s):  
Jun He ◽  
Mingke Wang ◽  
Jienan Pan ◽  
Xianglong Wang ◽  
Yiju Tang
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Isothermal Adsorption ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Nanoscale Pore

To understand the nanoscale pore development characteristics of closed coal under the combined influence of temperature and confined pressure, a series of experiments at different temperatures and pressures were carried out using a custom closed coal temperature and pressure experimental system. The lean coal samples were taken from a mining area in Qinshui Basin, North China. In these experiments, the temperature was 200 °C or 300 °C, the pressure was 14 MPa or 23 MPa, respectively, and the experiment duration was 12 h. The CH4/N2/CO2 isothermal adsorption tests were carried out on all samples. The results show that the custom experimental system can be used to effectively study the effect of mechanical-thermal interaction on the nanoscale pores in closed coal. Before and after the experiment, the Langmuir volume increases, and the methane adsorption capacity increases. The specific surface area and pore volume of the micropores (<1 nm) decrease, but the specific surface area and pore volume of the pores (6–100 nm) increase. The specific surface area and pore volume of the micropores (<1 nm) are negatively correlated with the temperature and decrease with increasing temperature. Fractal analysis results show that under the influence of temperature and pressure, the heterogeneity of the nanoscale pore structure and the roughness of the pore surface increase. This research is of important theoretical significance for the safe mining of deep coal seams and for the development of coalbed methane resources.

Desalination mechanism of modified activated carbon/carbon nanotubes composite electrode

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 2054-2060
Author(s):  
Wang Li ◽  
Hu Yusha ◽  
Lu Yifei ◽  
Fu Jiangtao ◽  
Hu Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Composite Electrode ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Capacitive Deionization ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon

Abstract Modified activated carbon/carbon nanotubes (AC*/CNT*) composite electrode was used as the electrode in a capacitive deionization (CDI) process for desalination in this study. The morphology and electrochemical characteristics of the modified electrode were discussed, and the results showed that after modification, the specific surface area of AC* reached 672.48 m2/g, increased by 29.43%; while the specific surface area of CNT* was 117.39 m2/g, reduced by 9.94% due to the strong oxidation of the mixed acid, the pore volume of CNT* increased by 48.28%. The electrode regeneration test proved that the electrode had good cycling stability. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model could better describe the adsorption rate of the electrodes for ions and the desalination ratio of the AC*/CNT* electrode reached 7.11 mg/g; the Langmuir model could well describe the adsorption mechanism of capacitive deionization, and indicated that the adsorption process of CDI was near to single ion layer adsorption; the change trend of electric mobility with migration time could be well fitted by exponential equations. This study explored a novel composite electrode coating, and initially explored the behavioral characteristics and trends of CDI technology.

scholarly journals The Effects of Vinegar Processing on the Changes in the Physical Properties of Frankincense Related to the Absorption of the Main Boswellic Acids

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3453
Author(s):  
Dongrui Liang ◽  
Zhangchi Ning ◽  
Zhiqian Song ◽  
Chun Wang ◽  
Yuanyan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Boswellic Acids ◽  
Main Components

Boswellic acids (BAs), as the main components of frankincense, exhibit notable anti-inflammatory properties. However, their pharmaceutical development has been severely limited by their poor oral bioavailability. Traditional Chinese medicinal processing, called Pao Zhi, is believed to improve bioavailability, yet the mechanism is still completely unclear. Previous research suggested that the bioavailability of a drug can be influenced by physical properties. This paper was designed to investigate the physical properties of frankincense and processed frankincense, including the surface morphology, particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), specific surface area, porosity, and viscosity. The differences in the intestinal absorption characteristics and equilibrium solubilities between frankincense and processed frankincense were determined by an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TQ-MS) analysis method. The results showed that vinegar processing can alter the surface morphology, decrease the particle size and PDI, raise the absolute values of the ZP, specific surface area and porosity, and drop the viscosity of frankincense. Meanwhile, the rates of absorption and dissolution of the main BAs were increased after the processing of frankincense. The present study proves that the physical properties were changed after processing, in which case the bioavailability of frankincense was enhanced.

Influence of processing on surface morphology and specific surface area for the nickel foam made by electrodeposition

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chen ◽  
Peisheng Liu ◽  
J.H. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Nickel Foam ◽  
Polymer Foam ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Purpose With the nickel foam made by the technique of electrodeposition on polymer foam, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of several deferent processes on the surface morphology and the specific surface area of this porous product. Design/methodology/approach The surface morphologies of the nickel foam were examined by SEM. The specific surface area of the porous product was measured by gas (N2) permeability method and also calculated by the reported formula. Findings The nickel foam from sintering in NH3 decomposition atmosphere at 850°C will achieve the same specific surface area as that at 980°C, whether this porous structure after electrodeposition comes through direct sintering in NH3 decomposition atmosphere, or through burning in air at 600°C for 4 min beforehand then the same reductive sintering. Originality/value There have been some studies on the preparation and application of nickel foam, but few works focus on the processing influence on the specific surface of this porous product. The present work provides the investigations on the difference of the product made under different producing conditions, and the influence of several deferent processes on the specific surface area of the product.

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