scholarly journals Promoting Healthy Diet, Physical Activity, and Life-Skills in High School Athletes: Results from the WAVE Ripples for Change Childhood Obesity Prevention Two-Year Intervention

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Meng ◽  
Melinda Manore ◽  
John Schuna ◽  
Megan Patton-Lopez ◽  
Adam Branscum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Latino Youth ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake

The purpose of this study was to compare changes in diet and daily physical activity (PA) in high school (HS) soccer players who participated in either a two-year obesity prevention intervention or comparison group, while controlling for sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Participants (n = 388; females = 58%; Latino = 38%; 15.3 ± 1.1 years, 38% National School Breakfast/Lunch Program) were assigned to either an intervention (n = 278; 9 schools) or comparison group (n = 110; 4 schools) based on geographical location. Pre/post intervention assessment of diet was done using Block Fat/Sugar/Fruit/Vegetable Screener, and daily steps was done using the Fitbit-Zip. Groups were compared over-time for mean changes (post-pre) in fruit/vegetables (FV), saturated fat (SF), added sugar, and PA (daily steps, moderate-to-vigorous PA) using analysis of covariance. The two-year intervention decreased mean added sugar intake (−12.1 g/day, CI (7.4, 16.8), p = 0.02); there were no differences in groups for FV or SF intake (p = 0.89). For both groups, PA was significantly higher in-soccer (9937 steps/day) vs. out-of-soccer season (8117 steps/day), emphasizing the contribution of organized sports to youth daily PA. At baseline, Latino youth had significantly higher added sugar intake (+14 g/day, p < 0.01) than non-Latinos. Targeting active youth in a diet/PA intervention improves diet, but out of soccer season youth need engagement to maintain PA (200).

scholarly journals Screen Time is Related to Dietary Intake in Children at 24-Months-of-Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1035-1035
Author(s):  
Arden McMath ◽  
Naiman Khan ◽  
Barbara Fiese ◽  
Sharon Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Activity Time ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Screen Use

Abstract Objectives Screen time throughout childhood is positively related to anthropometric measures, mediated partially through its impact on diet quality. Existing literature lacks specific data for 24 months (24MN) children and focuses primarily on television screen time rather than all sources of screen time (smart phones, tablets, and video streaming services). Thus, we explored the relationship between screen device usage and diet quality at this early age. Methods Parents and 24MN children (N = 396) were recruited from the STRONGKids 2 cohort study. Data included parent and child anthropometric measurements, physical activity time (Sports, Play, and Active Recreation for Kids Survey), dietary intake (Block Food Frequency Questionnaires), and the types and duration of screen time usage by the child (Common Sense Media Survey). Calories from macronutrients, sweets, added sugar, dietary fiber, and fruit and vegetable consumption were used to assess diet quality. Results 26% of children exceeded the Academy of Pediatrics Guidelines of &lt;2 h screen time per day. TV, DVDs, and shows on cellphones accounted for 79% of child screen time. 26% of children were overweight or obese, although BMI z-score at 24 MN was not related to screen time, physical activity time, or diet factors. Parent and child diet quality were related.; However, independent of parent diet, education, ethnicity, gender, and BMI, total screen time were associated with kcal consumed through sweets (r = 0.147, P = 0.014), added sugar intake in grams (r = 0.137, P = 0.023), and fruit consumption (r = −0.235, P &lt; 0.001). Passive screen use (TV, DVDs, shows on a cell phone or computer) was associated with total kcals (r = 0.127, P = 0.036), kcals from sweets (r = 0.137, P = 0.023) and added sugar intake (r = 0.138, P = 0.022), and fruit (r = −0.260, P &lt; 0.001) and vegetable consumption (r = −0.119, P = 0.049). Active screen use (playing games on a console, computer, cell phone, or other handheld device) was related to % fat intake (r = −0.119, P = 0.048). Conclusions Total and passive screen time at 24 MN are associated with factors indicative of poor diet quality, which could negatively impact child health. Funding Sources Supported by the NIH and the National Dairy Council. Arden McMath was supported by a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) fellowship.

scholarly journals Like Peas and Carrots: Combining Wellness Policy Implementation With Classroom Education for Obesity Prevention in the Childcare Setting

2017 ◽  
Vol 132 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 74S-80S ◽  
Author(s):  
Caree J. Cotwright ◽  
Diane W. Bales ◽  
Jung Sun Lee ◽  
Kathryn Parrott ◽  
Nathalie Celestin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Combined Approach ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Practice Adoption ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: We evaluated an intervention combining policy training and technical assistance for childcare teachers with a nutrition education curriculum to improve (1) the knowledge and self-efficacy of childcare teachers in implementing obesity prevention policies and practices, (2) the quantity and quality of nutrition and physical activity education, and (3) the childcare wellness environment. Methods: Thirteen teachers and 8 administrators (2 of whom were also teachers) from 8 childcare programs in Clarke County, Georgia, participated in the Healthy Child Care Georgia intervention during June-October 2015. The intervention included (1) training and technical assistance on obesity prevention policies, systems, and practices and (2) direct education by teachers using the Eat Healthy, Be Active curriculum. We assessed changes in program wellness policy adoption and teacher knowledge and self-efficacy from pre- to post-intervention through self-report questionnaires, interviews, and focus groups. Results: Teachers’ knowledge scores (maximum score = 100) rose significantly from a mean (SD) pre-intervention of 67.1 (14.6) to post-intervention of 83.2 (14.3) ( P < .001). The mean score for “teaching nutrition and activity to children” (maximum score = 105) rose significantly from 86.9 (8.2) to 93.5 (5.2) ( P = .011) and for “modeling and supporting children” (maximum score = 63) from 55.8 (5.1) to 59.5 (4.5) ( P = .015). The mean (SD) scores for breastfeeding and infant feeding policy/practice adoption (maximum score = 6) increased significantly from 2.5 (1.8) to 3.7 (1.9) ( P = .043) and for nutrition education policy/practice adoption (maximum score = 4) from 2.0 (1.3) to 3.3 (1.4) ( P = .019). The combined approach enhanced classroom nutrition education and improved the adoption of best practices. Conclusion: Future studies should examine the effects of using a combined approach to promote nutrition and physical activity policies and practices in the early care and education setting.

scholarly journals Added sugar intake and metabolic syndrome in US adolescents: cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 2424-2434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis A Rodríguez ◽  
Kristine A Madsen ◽  
Carolyn Cotterman ◽  
Robert H Lustig
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
National Health ◽  
Nutrition Examination Survey ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between added sugar intake and metabolic syndrome among adolescents.DesignDietary, serum biomarker, anthropometric and physical activity data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles between 2005 and 2012 were analysed using multivariate logistic regression models. Added sugar intake in grams per day was estimated from two 24 h standardized dietary recalls and then separated into quintiles from lowest to highest consumption. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were adjusted for physical activity, age, BMI Z-score and energy intake, and their interactions with race were included.SettingNationally representative sample, USA.SubjectsUS adolescents aged 12–19 years (n 1623).ResultsAdded sugar was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome. The adjusted prevalence odds ratios for having metabolic syndrome comparing adolescents in the third, fourth and fifth quintiles v. those in the lowest quintile of added sugar were 5·3 (95 % CI 1·4, 20·6), 9·9 (95 % CI 1·9, 50·9) and 8·7 (95 % CI 1·4, 54·9), respectively.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that higher added sugar intake, independent of total energy intake, physical activity or BMI Z-score, is associated with increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome in US adolescents. Further studies are needed to determine if reducing intake of added sugar may help US adolescents prevent or reverse metabolic syndrome.

Association between added sugar intake and overall diet quality in the Finnish adult population

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Rilla Tammi ◽  
Mirkka Maukonen ◽  
Satu Männistö ◽  
Laura Sares-Jäske ◽  
Noora Kanerva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Food Composition ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Added sugar intake has been associated with several health issues, but few studies have examined its association with overall diet quality. We aimed at examining the association between added sugar intake and overall diet quality in Finnish adults. Associations between added sugar intake and sociodemographic factors, lifestyle factors, and BMI were also explored. Our data comprised 5094 adults residing in Finland who participated in the National FinHealth 2017 Study. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Food consumption and nutrient intakes were calculated using the Finnish national food composition database. Added sugar intake was estimated based on food categorization and identifying naturally occurring sugar sources. Overall diet quality was assessed by the modified Baltic Sea Diet Score. The average added sugar intake was 7.6E% in women and 8.3E% in men in this study population. Added sugar intake was inversely associated with education (P=0.03 women; P=0.001 men), physical activity (P<0.0001), and BMI in men (P=0.003), and directly with smoking (P=0.002 women; P<0.0001 men). Added sugar intake was inversely associated with overall diet quality in both sexes (P<0.0001). No interactions were found except for men’s physical activity subgroups, the inverse association being stronger among active men than moderately active or inactive men (P for interaction=0.005). Our findings suggest that high added sugar intake is associated with several unhealthy dietary and lifestyle habits, including poor-quality diets, smoking, and leisure-time inactivity in Finnish adults. Efforts to improve diet quality should consider added sugar intake equally in the whole population.

Efficacy of an activity tracker-and app intervention to increase physical activity in the entire family: Pilot single-arm intervention study (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Schoeppe ◽  
Jo Salmon ◽  
Susan L. Williams ◽  
Deborah Power ◽  
Stephanie Alley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Intervention Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Entire Family ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Activity Tracker ◽  
Activity Trackers ◽  
Family Program ◽  
Intervention Efficacy

BACKGROUND Interventions using activity trackers and smartphone apps have demonstrated their ability to increase physical activity in children and adults. However, they have not been tested in entire families. Further, few family-centred interventions have actively involved both parents, and assessed intervention efficacy separately for children, mothers and fathers. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the short-term efficacy of an activity tracker and app intervention to increase physical activity in the entire family (children, mothers and fathers). METHODS This was a pilot single-arm intervention study with pre-post measures. Between 2017-2018, 40 families (58 children aged 6-10 years, 39 mothers, 33 fathers) participated in the 6-week Step it Up Family program in Queensland, Australia. Using commercial activity trackers combined with apps (Garmin Vivofit Jr for children, Vivofit 3 for adults), the intervention included individual and family-level goal-setting, self-monitoring, performance feedback, family step challenges, family social support and modelling, weekly motivational text messages, and an introductory session delivered face-to-face or via telephone. Parent surveys were used to assess intervention efficacy measured as pre-post intervention changes in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children, mothers and fathers. RESULTS Thirty-eight families completed the post intervention survey (95% retention). At post intervention, MVPA had increased in children by 58 min/day (boys: 54 min/day, girls: 62 min/day; all P < .001). In mothers, MVPA increased by 27 min/day (P < .001), and in fathers, it increased by 31 min/day (P < .001). Furthermore, the percentage of children meeting Australia’s physical activity guidelines for children (≥60 MVPA min/day) increased from 34% to 89% (P < .001). The percentage of mothers and fathers meeting Australia’s physical activity guidelines for adults (≥150 MVPA min/week) increased from 8% to 57% (P < .001) in mothers, and from 21% to 68% (P < .001) in fathers. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that an activity tracker and app intervention is an efficacious approach to increasing physical activity in entire families to meet national physical activity guidelines. The Step it Up Family program warrants further testing in a larger, randomised controlled trial to determine its long-term impact. CLINICALTRIAL No trial registration as this is not an RCT. It is a pilot single-arm intervention study

scholarly journals Effectiveness of web-based and mobile health interventions designed to enhance adherence to physical activity for people with inflammatory arthritis: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Sekhon ◽  
Claire White ◽  
Emma Godfrey ◽  
Aliya Amirova ◽  
Åsa Revenäs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Health Interventions ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Intervention Content ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Abstract Objective The aim of this systematic review was to assess the evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCT) and cohort studies for the effectiveness of digital interventions designed to enhance adherence to physical activity (PA) for people with inflammatory arthritis (IA) and describe the intervention content using established coding criteria. Methods Six electronic databases were searched for published and unpublished studies. Independent data extraction and quality assessment (Cochrane risk of bias II or ROBIN I) were conducted by two reviewers. The primary outcome was self-reported adherence to PA post-intervention. Secondary outcomes included self-reported adherence to PA at other timepoints, level of PA or engagement with intervention at any follow-up timepoint. Intervention content was assessed using the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template and the Behaviour Change Techniques taxonomy version 1. Results From 11,136 reports, four moderate risk of bias studies (three RCTs, one cohort study) including 1,160 participants with rheumatoid arthritis or juvenile inflammatory arthritis were identified. Due to heterogeneity of outcomes, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Only one RCT reported a small between group difference in adherence to PA [mean difference (95% confidence intervals) -0.46 (-0.82. -0.09)] in favour of the intervention. There were no between group differences in any secondary outcomes. Interventions included between 3–11 behaviour change techniques but provided minimal exercise prescription information. Conclusion There is currently limited moderate quality evidence available to confidently evaluate the effect of web-based and mobile health interventions on adherence to PA or level of PA post intervention in people with IA.

scholarly journals Later sleep timing predicts accelerated summer weight gain among elementary school children: a prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennette P. Moreno ◽  
Javad Razjouyan ◽  
Houston Lester ◽  
Hafza Dadabhoy ◽  
Mona Amirmazaheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
School Year ◽  
Children’S Sleep

Abstract Objectives and background Social demands of the school-year and summer environment may affect children’s sleep patterns and circadian rhythms during these periods. The current study examined differences in children’s sleep and circadian-related behaviors during the school-year and summer and explored the association between sleep and circadian parameters and change in body mass index (BMI) during these time periods. Methods This was a prospective observational study with 119 children ages 5 to 8 years with three sequential BMI assessments: early school-year (fall), late school-year (spring), and beginning of the following school-year in Houston, Texas, USA. Sleep midpoint, sleep duration, variability of sleep midpoint, physical activity, and light exposure were estimated using wrist-worn accelerometry during the school-year (fall) and summer. To examine the effect of sleep parameters, physical activity level, and light exposure on change in BMI, growth curve modeling was conducted controlling for age, race, sex, and chronotype. Results Children’s sleep midpoint shifted later by an average of 1.5 h during summer compared to the school-year. After controlling for covariates, later sleep midpoints predicted larger increases in BMI during summer, (γ = .0004, p = .03), but not during the school-year. Sleep duration, sleep midpoint variability, physical activity levels, and sedentary behavior were not associated with change in BMI during the school-year or summer. Females tended to increase their BMI at a faster rate during summer compared to males, γ = .06, p = .049. Greater amounts of outdoor light exposure (γ = −.01, p = .02) predicted smaller increases in school-year BMI. Conclusions Obesity prevention interventions may need to target different behaviors depending on whether children are in or out of school. Promotion of outdoor time during the school-year and earlier sleep times during the summer may be effective obesity prevention strategies during these respective times.

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